Elevated WNT signaling and compromised Hedgehog signaling due to loss of function contribute to the abnormal molar patterning.

Ellis-van Creveld (EVC) syndrome is an autosomal recessive chondrodysplasia. The affected individuals bear a series of skeleton defects, congenital heart septum anomalies, midfacial defects, and dental defects. Previous studies using or mutant mice have characterized the pathological mechanism leading to various types of congenital defects.

Cranial Cruciate Ligament Desmotomies in Sheep Resulting in Peroneus Tertius Injury.

Surgical destabilization of the stifle joint via cranial cruciate ligament desmotomy (CCLD) is a routine procedure for the study of osteoarthritis (OA). Traditionally performed in rats, rabbits, cats, and dogs, CCLD in sheep provides an opportunity to study the pathology and treatment of joint instability in a species whose stifle better represents the equivalent human femorotibial joint. The surgical approaches for CCLD in sheep are variable and can result in inconsistent outcomes.

Exploring recovery capital among adolescents in an alternative peer group.

Background: Recovery support models (RSMs) integrate peer supports and continuing care to promote sustained recovery for adolescents with substance use disorder. RSMs aim to build recovery capital (RC), the personal, social, and environmental resources required to sustain recovery. The Alternative Peer Group (APG) is an RSM that integrates pro-recovery peers and social activities into clinical practice.

Effects of a Comprehensive, Multiple Risky Behavior Prevention Program on High School Students.

The purpose of this research study was to examine the effect of a multiple risky behaviors prevention program applied comprehensively throughout an entire school system involving universal, selective, and indicated levels of students at a local private high school during a 4-year period. The noncurriculum prevention program was created based upon the key elements of effective prevention programming and the need to address the growing variety of risky behaviors that the youth face today. Results (n = 469 to 614) indicated that 7 out of 15 risky behaviors statistically significantly decreased throughout the 4-year study, with 6 behaviors involving alcohol and drugs.

The Alternative Peer Group: A Developmentally Appropriate Recovery Support Model for Adolescents.

Recovery as the goal for substance use disorder treatment has been a key component of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's mission for the past decade. Consistent with their mission, there is a call for research and development of recovery-oriented systems of care to support affected individuals through all stages of the recovery process. Evidence is emerging to support recovery practice and research for adults, but recovery-oriented models for adolescents are scant.

The endoplasmic reticulum, not the pH gradient, drives calcium refilling of lysosomes.

Impaired homeostasis of lysosomal Ca(2+) causes lysosome dysfunction and lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), but the mechanisms by which lysosomes acquire and refill Ca(2+) are not known. We developed a physiological assay to monitor lysosomal Ca(2+) store refilling using specific activators of lysosomal Ca(2+) channels to repeatedly induce lysosomal Ca(2+) release. In contrast to the prevailing view that lysosomal acidification drives Ca(2+) into the lysosome, inhibiting the V-ATPase H(+) pump did not prevent Ca(2+) refilling.

Generation of Evc2/Limbin global and conditional KO mice and its roles during mineralized tissue formation.

Ellis-van Creveld (EvC) syndrome (OMIM 225500) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized with chondrodysplastic dwarfism in association with abnormalities in oral cavity. Ciliary proteins EVC and EVC2 have been identified as causative genes and they play an important role on Hedgehog signal transduction. We have also identified a causative gene LIMBIN for bovine chondrodysplastic dwarfism (bcd) that is later identified as the bovine ortholog of EVC2.