Cleavage site-directed antibodies reveal the prion protein in humans is shed by ADAM10 at Y226 and associates with misfolded protein deposits in neurodegenerative diseases.

Proteolytic cell surface release ('shedding') of the prion protein (PrP), a broadly expressed GPI-anchored glycoprotein, by the metalloprotease ADAM10 impacts on neurodegenerative and other diseases in animal and in vitro models. Recent studies employing the latter also suggest shed PrP (sPrP) to be a ligand in intercellular communication and critically involved in PrP-associated physiological tasks. Although expectedly an evolutionary conserved event, and while soluble forms of PrP are present in human tissues and body fluids, for the human body neither proteolytic PrP shedding and its cleavage site nor involvement of ADAM10 or the biological relevance of this process have been demonstrated thus far.

[A municipal health center’s co-constructed therapeutic patient education program for patients with single or multiple morbidities].

Introduction: The accessibility of Therapeutic Patient Education (TPE) is essential to reduce social inequalities and to meet the challenges posed by the increase in chronic diseases. In France, the distribution of TPE throughout the territory is heterogeneous and patients still lack sufficient access. With these perspectives in mind, a municipal health center has developed an innovative TPE device by involving concerned patients from the outset.

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cell lines IRMBi003-A and IRMBi003-B from a healthy donor to model Alzheimer's disease.

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) lines derived from healthy individuals are helpful and essential tools for disease modelling. Here, we described the reprogramming of skin fibroblasts obtained from a healthy 59-year-old individual without Alzheimer's disease. The generated iPSC lines have a normal karyotype, expressed pluripotency markers, and demonstrated the ability to differentiate into the three germ layers.

Establishment of induced pluripotent stem cells IRMBi005-A from a patient with sporadic Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder and the most common form of dementia worldwide. Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD) cases are the main forms, over 95% of AD cases, but still poorly understood. Thereby there is a crucial need to develop in vitro models for studying this multifactorial disorder.

Perceptions of multiple chronic conditions and coping strategies among migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa living in France with diabetes mellitus and HIV: An interview-based qualitative study.

Although diabetes is common among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), few data exists on how migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experience living with these two coexisting conditions in France. The objective of this study was to analyze perception of polypathology among PLWHA from SSA with type 2 diabetes and identify barriers and facilitators to their self-management. A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews from November 2019 to April 2020 with participants selected from a cohort of PLWHA and diabetes at Avicenne University Hospital.

Transfer of mesenchymal stem cell mitochondria to CD4 T cells contributes to repress Th1 differentiation by downregulating T-bet expression.

Background: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with strong tissue repair and immunomodulatory properties. Due to their ability to repress pathogenic immune responses, and in particular T cell responses, they show therapeutic potential for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, organ rejection and graft versus host disease. MSCs have the remarkable ability to export their own mitochondria to neighboring cells in response to injury and inflammation.

[Orientation practices among patient education nurses: A qualitative study with general doctors and patients at a health center in Lorraine].

Introduction: To cope with the increased number of patients with chronic diseases, the ASALEE scheme promotes cooperation between doctors and patient education (PE) nurses in a health center in Lorraine. They observe behaviors of absence, cancellation, and postponement of the first consultation among referred patients.

Objective: Our study explores the medical orientation practices for patients during their first PE consultation.

Loss of prion protein control of glucose metabolism promotes neurodegeneration in model of prion diseases.

Corruption of cellular prion protein (PrPC) function(s) at the plasma membrane of neurons is at the root of prion diseases, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and its variant in humans, and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathies, better known as mad cow disease, in cattle. The roles exerted by PrPC, however, remain poorly elucidated. With the perspective to grasp the molecular pathways of neurodegeneration occurring in prion diseases, and to identify therapeutic targets, achieving a better understanding of PrPC roles is a priority.

Prenatal exposure to low doses of fungicides corrupts neurogenesis in neonates.

Neurogenesis plays a crucial role during neurodevelopment and its dysfunction can lead to neurodevelopmental disorders. A recent hypothesis stipulates that exogenous factors could corrupt this process and predispose to neurodegenerative disorders later in life. The presence of pesticide residues in the diet represents a threat of which we have recently become aware of.

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Introduction: To cope with the increased number of patients with chronic diseases, the ASALEE scheme promotes cooperation between doctors and patient education (PE) nurses in a health center in Lorraine. They observe behaviors of absence, cancellation, and postponement of the first consultation among referred patients.

Objective: Our study explores the medical orientation practices for patients during their first PE consultation.

Tubulin modifying enzymes as target for the treatment of tau-related diseases.

In the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), the number and length of microtubules (MTs) are significantly and selectively reduced. MTs are involved in a wide range of cellular functions, and defects of the microtubular system have emerged as a unifying hypothesis for the heterogeneous and variable clinical presentations of AD. MTs orchestrate their numerous functions through the spatiotemporal regulation of the binding of specialised microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and molecular motors.

Aging-simulation experience: impact on health professionals' social representations.

Background: Health professionals working with older persons are not sufficiently aware of the sensory and functional difficulties experienced by older patients. Innovative educational activities, such as the aging-simulation experience, can facilitate this awareness. This study describes the effects of an aging-simulation experience on health professionals' representations towards age-related limitations.

The cellular prion protein controls the mesenchymal-like molecular subtype and predicts disease outcome in colorectal cancer.

Background: Comprehensive transcriptomic analyses have shown that colorectal cancer (CRC) is heterogeneous and have led to the definition of molecular subtypes among which the stem-cell, mesenchymal-like group is associated with poor prognosis. The molecular pathways orchestrating the emergence of this subtype are incompletely understood. In line with the contribution of the cellular prion protein PrP to stemness, we hypothesize that deregulation of this protein could lead to a stem-cell, mesenchymal-like phenotype in CRC.

How do mobile health applications support behaviour changes? A scoping review of mobile health applications relating to physical activity and eating behaviours.

Objective: The objective of this review was to analyse how researchers conducting studies about mobile health applications (MHApps) effectiveness assess the conditions of this effectiveness.

Study Design: A scoping review according to PRIMSA-ScR checklist.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of efficacy/effectiveness conditions in high internal validity studies assessing the efficacy of MHApps in changing physical activity behaviours and eating habits.

Observance to antiretroviral treatment in the rural region of the Democratic Republic of Congo: a cognitive dissonance.

Introduction: This study aimed to understand the influence of local media, religion and cultural beliefs on the therapeutic compliance of patients living with HIV.

Methods: This study was conducted in two rural hospitals in the Central Kongo province of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Semi-directional interviews were conducted with patients on antiretroviral therapy using a phenomenological qualitative method.

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) IRMBi002-A from an Alzheimer's disease patient carrying a D694N mutation in the APP gene.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) were generated from skin fibroblasts obtained from a 58 year-old woman suffering from Alzheimer's disease and carrying a D694N mutation on Amyloid precursor protein (APP). Fibroblasts were reprogrammed into iPSC using the integration-free Sendai Virus which allows the expression of the Yamanaka factors. Verification of their pluripotency was achieved by demonstrating the expression of pluripotency markers and their differentiation potential into the three primary germ layers.

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (IRMBi001-A) from an Alzheimer's disease patient carrying a G217D mutation in the PSEN1 gene.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) were generated from skin fibroblasts obtained from a 50 year-old patient suffering from Alzheimer's disease and carrying a G217D causal mutation on presenilin 1 (PSEN1). iPSCs were obtained following reprogramming using the integration-free Sendai Virus system which allows expression of the Yamanaka factors. Verification of their pluripotency was achieved by demonstrating the expression of pluripotency markers and their differentiation potential into the three primary germ layers.

Cell-based therapy against prion diseases.

Despite multiple efforts to find treatments, prion diseases are still incurable. The currently available therapeutic strategies are mostly based on compounds to inhibit pathological PrP (PrPSc) accumulation, and cellular PrP (PrP) conversion into PrP. However, they cannot reverse the pathological changes already present in the brain.

Lithium as a disease-modifying agent for prion diseases.

Prion diseases still remain incurable despite multiple efforts to develop a treatment. Therefore, it is important to find strategies to at least reduce the symptoms. Lithium has been considered as a neuroprotective agent for years, and the objective of this preclinical study was to evaluate the efficacy of lithium delivered as a water-in-oil microemulsion (Aonys).

[Therapeutic Patient Education training for nursing students: A case study.].

Introduction: Many educational institutions offer professionals continuing education in therapeutic patient education (TPE). Some also provide it for students in initial training.

Objectives: 1) Describe the methods of implementing the training in two nurse training institutes (IFSI); 2) Determine the conditions conducive to the development of competencies for students in initial training.

[Children with chronic disease and extracurricular activities: training needs].

Background: ln the current context of increasing numbers of children living with a chronic disease and increasing numbers of people supervising extracurricular activities, difficulties appear to persist despite the Personalised Core Project (PCP). This study explores the accessibility and usefulness of the information provided by the Personalised Care Project and the value of complementary support. Methods: Based on the key messages identified by experts in the four most common chronic diseases, a questionnaire was deve/oped and sent to people supervising extracurricular activities in three districts of the Saône-et-Loire department.

[Haemophilia: how sentinel patients have developed a warning semiotics].

Haemophilia: how sentinel patients have developed warning semiotics. The experience of the disease may help the patient to develop effective actions to manage every day, if it is accompanied by a personal reflection. Following a process that sometimes can be long, some people with hemophilia, called sentinel patients have developed a personal semiology of early and subclinical signs of hemarthrose, complementary to medical semiology.

What do we mean by multimorbidity? An analysis of the literature on multimorbidity measures, associated factors, and impact on health services organization.

Background: Multimorbidity is a consequence of both epidemiological and demographic transition. Unlike comorbidity, it currently has no consensus definition, making it difficult to assess its epidemiological and socioeconomic burden, to organize healthcare services rationally, and to determine the skills needed for patient self-reliance. The aim of this study is to define the spectrum of multimorbidity and to discuss current implications for the organization of care.