To investigate the effects of pregnancy or post-ovulatory progesterone (P(4)) supplementation on the expression of oestrogen and P(4) receptors (ESRs and PGRs) in the bovine uterus, heifers (n=263) were randomly assigned to the following treatments: i) cyclic, normal P(4); ii) cyclic, high P(4); iii) pregnant, normal P(4); and iv) pregnant, high P(4) on days 5, 7, 13 and 16 of pregnancy/oestrous cycle. Elevated P(4) was achieved through P(4)-releasing intravaginal device insertion on day 3 after oestrus, resulting in increased concentrations from day 3.5 to 8 (P<0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: To systematically review the evidence for the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for bipolar disorder and examine the implications for mental health nursing practice.
Background: Bipolar disorder is associated with significant psychosocial impairment and high use of mental health services. Generally medication is effective in the treatment of acute episodes but there is increasing evidence that while a large majority of patients recover from these episodes of mania and/or depression, many do not achieve a functional recovery.
The adsorption of atoms and molecules on single crystal surfaces allows one to produce well-characterized atomic, molecular, or dissociated adsorbates. Microcalorimetric measurement of the resulting adsorption energies, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuestioning a diagnosis of bipolar disorder is not surprising given the chronic and fluctuating nature of the illness. Qualitative research using thematic analysis was used to derive an understanding of the process patients used to make sense of their diagnosis of bipolar disorder. The findings suggested that receiving a diagnosis was an active process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci
May 2010
Studies have found that adults with possible mild cognitive impairment (MCI) exhibit decrements in everyday functioning (e.g., Wadley, V.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The authors investigated whether factors related to health disparities--race, rural residence, education, perceived racial discrimination, vascular disease, and health care access and utilization--may moderate the association between diabetes and cognitive decline.
Method: Participants were 624 community-dwelling older adults (49% African American and 49% rural) who completed in-home mini-mental state examination at baseline and 4-year follow-up.
Results: Diabetes at baseline predicted four-year cognitive decline in regression models adjusted for a number of possible confounds.
Kleptoparasitism, the stealing of food items from other animals, is a common behaviour observed across a huge variety of species, and has been subjected to significant modelling effort. Most such modelling has been deterministic, effectively assuming an infinite population, although recently some important stochastic models have been developed. In particular the model of Yates and Broom (Stochastic models of kleptoparasitism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To estimate prevalence and severity of patients' self-perceived supportive care needs in the immediate post-treatment phase and identify predictors of unmet need.
Patients And Methods: A multicenter, prospective, longitudinal survey was conducted. Sixty-six centers recruited patients for 12 weeks.
Aims: The aim was to investigate peoples' experiences of the impact of chronic low back pain.
Background: Chronic low back pain is a complex disorder with wide-ranging adverse consequences that can impact on people's lifestyles and self-image. It is also a condition that can sometimes be treated with some scepticism by health care providers and other people in the person's life.
Background: Castration of male cattle has been shown to elicit inflammatory reactions and acute inflammation is initiated and sustained by the participation of cytokines.
Methods: Sixty continental x beef bulls (Mean age 12 +/- (s.e.
We report the first collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (CID MS/MS) of a thiolate-protected Au nanoparticle that has a crystallographically determined structure. CID spectra assert that dissociation pathways for the mixed monolayer Na(x)Au(25)(SC(2)H(4)Ph)(18-y)(S(C(2)H(4)O)(5)CH(3))(y) centrally involve the semi-ring Au(2)L(3) coordination (L = some combination of the two thiolate ligands) that constitutes the nanoparticle's protecting structure. The data additionally confirm charge state assignments in the mass spectra.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo experiments were designed to evaluate models for generation of low circulating progesterone concentrations during early pregnancy in cattle. In Experiment 1, 17 crossbred heifers (Bos taurus) were assigned to either prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) administration on Days 3, 3.5, and 4 (PG3; n=9) or to control (n=8).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective was to investigate measures of neutrophil function in response to banding or burdizzo castration of bulls. Thirty-two Holstein-Friesian bulls (14 mo old, 505 +/- 7.8 kg of BW) were assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups: 1) sham-handled control (CON); 2) banding castration alone (BAND); 3) burdizzo castration alone (BURD); or 4) cortisol infusion (CORT) as a further control group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe postovulatory rise in circulating progesterone (P4) concentrations is associated with increased pregnancy success in beef and dairy cattle. Our study objective was to determine how elevated P4 alters endometrial gene expression to advance conceptus development. Synchronized heifers were inseminated (Day 0) and randomly assigned to pregnant high P4 or to pregnant normal P4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMonolayer-protected clusters were prepared by procedures like those yielding Au25L18 (where L=-SCH2CH2Ph=-SC2Ph) but using, instead, mixtures of Au and Pd salts, as starting materials, with the intent of creating and characterizing Au25-xMxL18 clusters. Isolation of small nanoparticle product followed by partial ligand exchange to introduce thiolated poly(ethylene glycol) (SPEG=-S(CH2CH2O)5CH3) into the nanoparticle ligand shell enabled characterization of the Au25-xMxL18 content by positive mode electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). For synthetic feed mole ratios of Au:Pd of 9:1 and 13:12, electrospray spectra of the PEGylated MPCs showed that the reaction and isolation produce a mixture of Au25(SC2Ph)18 and a mono-Pd nanoparticle Au24Pd(SC2Ph)18.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: This paper is a report of a study of the ways in which bipolar disorder is constructed in the DSM-IV and popular texts, and how parents who have been diagnosed as having a bipolar disorder construct their role as parent.
Background: Research into parenting and mental illness has typically taken a deficit-based approach that focuses on the risks to children when a parent has a mental illness. Literature that considers parenting specifically in the context of bipolar disorder retains a focus on the increased risk to their children of psychopathology or psychosocial difficulties.
Progesterone is essential for establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in mammals. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of elevating progesterone during the different physiological stages of early embryo development on embryo survival. Estrus was synchronized in cross-bred beef heifers (n=197, approximately 2-years old) and they were inseminated 12-18h after estrus onset (=Day 0).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol
June 2009
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) involves subtle functional losses that may include decrements in driving skills. We compared 46 participants with MCI to 59 cognitively normal controls on a driving evaluation conducted by a driving rehabilitation specialist who was blinded to participants' MCI classification. Participants with MCI demonstrated significantly lower performance than controls on ratings of global and discrete driving maneuvers, but these differences were not at the level of frank impairments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: High neuroticism has been associated with a greater risk of dementia, and an active/socially integrated lifestyle with a lower risk of dementia. The aim of the current study was to explore the separate and combined effects of neuroticism and extraversion on the risk of dementia, and to examine whether lifestyle factors may modify this association.
Methods: A population-based cohort of 506 older people with no dementia from the Kungsholmen Project, Stockholm, Sweden, was followed up for an average of 6 years.
Aim: This case study explains how a psychotherapy previously used with adults can be used with adolescents by focusing on the specific developmental issues associated with adolescence.
Background: Bipolar disorder is a damaging disorder to experience during the developmental phase of adolescence. Interpersonal social rhythm psychotherapy has been developed as an adjunct to medication for managing bipolar disorder and shows some promising outcomes in adults.
Reprod Domest Anim
November 2008
There is a variable anoestrous period following parturition in the cow. Follicular growth generally resumes within 7-10 days in the majority of cows associated with a transient follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) rise that occurs within 3-5 days of parturition. Dairy cows that are not nutritionally stressed generally ovulate their first post-partum dominant follicle (approximately 15 days), whereas beef suckler cows in good body condition normally have a mean of 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci
November 2008
Background: Life-space, a measure of movement through one's environment, may be viewed as one aspect of environmental complexity for older adults. We examined the relationship between life-space and subsequent change in cognitive function.
Methods: Participants were 624 community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries (49% African American) who completed in-home assessments at baseline and follow-up 4 years later.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs
December 2008
This study aimed to explore what was satisfying in the role of community mental health nurse (CMHN). Previous studies have emphasized sources of dissatisfaction but the emphasis on satisfaction allowed the researchers to explore positive aspects of the role which have been largely neglected in previous studies and to explore how these nurses managed to sustain satisfaction. This study used a grounded theory, and the primary source of data was in-depth interviews collected over a 1-year period with 12 CMHNs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere are problems for mental health nurses in using psychiatric diagnoses as outcomes of their nursing assessments and nursing diagnoses present similar issues. However, there is a need in practice to link the assessment to nursing interventions in a meaningful way. This paper proposes that the clinical formulation can be regarded as central to providing this cohesion.
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