How do we engage with the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community in blood donation and research? Reflections from the Assessing Donor Variability and New Concepts in Eligibility study.

Background: The Assessing Donor Variability and New Concepts in Eligibility (ADVANCE) study was a multicenter cross-organizational collaboration to collect data to inform possible changes in blood donor selection criteria for men who have sex with men. Multiple recruitment approaches were used, and these may be applicable to current efforts in LGBTQ+ community engagement to recruit new blood donors.

Methods: Fieldwork for ADVANCE was a partnership between blood collection organizations (BCOs) and LGBTQ+ community organizations.

Ocean Planning and Conservation in the Age of Climate Change: A Roundtable Discussion.

Over recent years, recognition of the need to develop climate-smart marine spatial planning (MSP) has gained momentum globally. In this roundtable discussion, we use a question-and-answer format to leverage diverse perspectives and voices involved in the study of sustainable MSP and marine conservation under global environmental and social change. We intend this dialogue to serve as a stepping stone toward developing ocean planning initiatives that are sustainable, equitable, and climate-resilient around the globe.

Taking climate-smart governance to the high seas.

Comprehensive spatial planning in international waters is key to achieving ocean sustainability.

Absence of evidence of transfusion transmission risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the United States: Results froma 28-year lookback study.

Background: For many years, there has been concern about the risk of transmission of classic forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) by blood transfusion, particularly after the recognition of such transmission of variant CJD (vCJD). We report on a 28-year lookback study of recipients of blood from donors who subsequently developed CJD.

Methods: Patients with diagnosed CJD and a history of blood donation were identified.

Endodontic management of submerged roots following complicated traumatic dental injury (TDI) in children and adolescents: A systematic review.

Introduction: The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) guidelines include the use of decoronation for the management of complex crown-root fractures but do not outline how this technique is best employed. The aim of this review is to reach a consensus in the management of the root canal system in decoronated permanent teeth undergoing root submergence and to determine whether this has an impact on the success and survival of the retained root.

Materials And Methods: Search included databases MEDLINE via Ebsco, EMBASE via Ovid, Web of Science via Clarivate, PubMed via PubMed.

The Pelagic Species Trait Database, an open data resource to support trait-based ocean research.

Trait-based frameworks are increasingly used for predicting how ecological communities respond to ongoing global change. As species range shifts result in novel encounters between predators and prey, identifying prey 'guilds', based on a suite of shared traits, can distill complex species interactions, and aid in predicting food web dynamics. To support advances in trait-based research in open-ocean systems, we present the Pelagic Species Trait Database, an extensive resource documenting functional traits of 529 pelagic fish and invertebrate species in a single, open-source repository.

The effect of reef morphology on coral recruitment at multiple spatial scales.

Coral reefs are in decline worldwide, making it increasingly important to promote coral recruitment in new or degraded habitat. Coral reef morphology-the structural form of reef substrate-affects many aspects of reef function, yet the effect of reef morphology on coral recruitment is not well understood. We used structure-from-motion photogrammetry and airborne remote sensing to measure reef morphology (rugosity, curvature, slope, and fractal dimension) across a broad continuum of spatial scales and evaluated the effect of morphology on coral recruitment in three broadcast-spawning genera.

Exploring climate-induced sex-based differences in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems to mitigate biodiversity loss.

The response of aquatic and terrestrial organisms to climate change can depend on biological sex. A key challenge is to unravel the interactive effects of sex and climate change at the individual and population levels and the cascading effects on communities. This new understanding is essential to improve climate adaptation and mitigation strategies.

Trajectory and Demographic Correlates of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid in Recently Infected Blood Donors, United States.

We evaluated antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 in a large cohort of blood donors in the United States who were recently infected with the virus. Antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 indicate previous infection but are subject to waning, potentially affecting epidemiologic studies. We longitudinally evaluated a cohort of 19,323 blood donors who had evidence of recent infection by using a widely available serologic test to determine the dynamics of such waning.

Is there evidence of a relationship between pre-eclampsia and periodontitis?

Data Sources: The review searched several databases which included Medline (from 1950), Pubmed (from 1946), Embase (from 1949), Lilacs, Cochrane Controlled Clinical Trial Register, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov and Google Scholar (from 1990).

Study Selection: Two of the authors (LD and HN) independently assessed the eligibility of studies by looking at the titles, abstracts and methods.

COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors: Unique motivations in unique times?

Background: Early in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, many blood collection organizations (BCOs) were asked to collect and distribute COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) as a potential treatment for this new virus and resulting disease. However, recruiting CCP donors presented unique challenges for BCOs, as there were few recovered patients at this time, and like the general population, most potential CCP donors had no blood donation experience. Thus, many CCP donors were new donors, and their donation motivations were unknown.

Low risk of human T-lymphotropic virus infection in U.S. blood donors; Is it time to consider a one-time selective testing approach?

Background: U.S. blood donors are tested at each donation for human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) antibodies.

Validity of donor-reported iron supplementation practices obtained at the time of donation.

Background: Iron supplementation (IS) improves blood donors' iron stores and allows more frequent blood donation. Understanding the accuracy of self-reported IS is helpful for potential application of IS practices to donor eligibility or donation intervals.

Methods: Successful whole blood and red cell apheresis donors completed a survey at donation on the use of select dietary supplements.

Accuracy of preoperative clinical examination and imaging for mandibular resection in oral cancer: a systematic review of diagnostic test accuracy studies.

The aim of this systematic review is not only to analyse the accuracy of clinical examination and radiological preoperative assessment of mandibular invasion reported in isolation, but to highlight those reports that have combined them. A total of 1636 titles and abstracts published between 1995 - 2000 were screened following a literature search in PubMed. Keywords were "mandible" and "squamous cell carcinoma".

Can teledentistry - in particular, photographs - be used to accurately diagnose caries and healthy teeth?

Aim To assess the use of teledenistry (TD) via photographs taken at home in identifying occlusal and vestibular caries by comparing the results with direct clinical assessment.Study design Cross-sectional pilot study.Methods In total, 43 dental students were recruited.

The influence of social cues on timing of animal migrations.

Animal migration plays a central role in many ecological and evolutionary processes, yet migratory populations worldwide are increasingly threatened. Adjusting migration timing to match ecosystem phenology is key to survival in dynamic and changing ecosystems, especially in an era of human-induced rapid environmental change. Social cues are increasingly recognized as major components of migratory behaviour, yet a comprehensive understanding of how social cues influence the timing of animal migrations remains elusive.

Is the oral health of visually impaired children and adolescents different compared to their sighted peers?

Data sources The review searched for articles via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Ovid. OpenGrey and the Brazilian Digital Library of Thesis and Dissertations (BDTD) were used to search for grey literature. As well as a manual searches of the reference lists from the included studies, a Google Scholar search was undertaken and the first 300 hits were screened.

Trait-based approaches to global change ecology: moving from description to prediction.

Trait-based approaches are increasingly recognized as a tool for understanding ecosystem re-assembly and function under intensifying global change. Here we synthesize trait-based research globally ( = 865 studies) to examine the contexts in which traits may be used for global change prediction. We find that exponential growth in the field over the last decade remains dominated by descriptive studies of terrestrial plant morphology, highlighting significant opportunities to expand trait-based thinking across systems and taxa.

Social relationship dynamics mediate climate impacts on income inequality: evidence from the Mexican Humboldt squid fishery.

Unlabelled: Small-scale fisheries are critically important for livelihoods around the world, particularly in tropical regions. However, climate variability and anthropogenic climate change may seriously impact small-scale fisheries by altering the abundance and distribution of target species. Social relationships between fishery users, such as fish traders, can determine how each individual responds and is affected by changes in fisheries.

Management options of early childhood caries.

Data sources The review searched for articles via Medline up to March 2019 for English language papers only.Study selection Two authors screened the reviews initially against the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Discrepancies were discussed with all authors for the final decision.

Dental professionals' role in the fight against COVID-19: current evidence.

Data sources Five databases were used to search for articles: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane.Study selection All articles with the relevant topics related to COVID-19 and limited to Italian and English Language (with available English abstract) were screened. Additionally, included articles were screened for relevant references.

International survey of strategies to mitigate transfusion-transmitted Trypanosoma cruzi in non-endemic countries, 2016-2018.

Background And Objectives: Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, is endemic to Mexico, Central and South America. While initially limited to the Americas, emigration of infected persons triggered geographically broader blood safety challenges. To mitigate transfusion-transmitted Chagas (TTC), transfusion services implemented approaches including risk factor questions and serologic testing.

Frequency of rare, serious donor reactions: International perspective.

Background: Severe blood donor adverse events are rare, but due to their rarity studying them can be difficult. To get an accurate estimate of their frequency and rate in the donor population it may be necessary to combine donation data across countries.

Study Design And Methods: International blood collection organizations (BCOs) provided data on rare/severe donor reactions as well as denominator information for their donor populations from 2015 to 2017.