Measuring successful conversations in couples with and without aphasia: A scoping review.

Background: Aphasia impacts communication and relationships. While counselling is increasingly recognised as a component of the speech-language therapy role, the success of conversation partner training is typically measured in terms of communication alone. This scoping review aimed to describe how successful conversation is currently measured with couples-with and without aphasia, to inform the development of an ecologically valid measure for couples with aphasia.

Measuring communication as a core outcome in aphasia trials: Results of the ROMA-2 international core outcome set development meeting.

Background: Evidence-based recommendations for a core outcome set (COS; minimum set of outcomes) for aphasia treatment research have been developed (the Research Outcome Measurement in Aphasia-ROMA, COS). Five recommended core outcome constructs: communication, language, quality of life, emotional well-being and patient-reported satisfaction/impact of treatment, were identified through three international consensus studies. Constructs were paired with outcome measurement instruments (OMIs) during an international consensus meeting (ROMA-1).

The Best Laid Plans? A Qualitative Investigation of How Resident Physicians Plan Their Learning.

Purpose: Adaptive expertise (AE) has been identified as a critical trait to cultivate in future physicians. The 4-phase master adaptive learner (MAL) conceptual model describes the learning skills and behaviors necessary to develop AE. Though prior work has elucidated skills and behaviors used by MALs in the initial planning phase of learning, most resident learners are not thought to be MALs.

Impact of aphasia on communication in couples.

Background: Communication is at the heart of relationships, especially for couples. When language is altered, as it is in aphasia, communication in couples can be affected.

Aims: To explore how members of a couple perceive the impact of aphasia on their communication.

How clerks understand the requests of people living with aphasia in service encounters.

Aphasia often restricts participation. People living with aphasia (PLWA) engage in fewer activities, which leads to fewer interactions than before aphasia. Analyses of interactions with non-familiar people in activities of daily life could provide knowledge about how to integrate these situations in rehabilitation and facilitate ongoing PLWA participation post-rehabilitation.

Paid worker and unfamiliar partner communication training: A scoping review.

Background: Communication partner training could be employed to train people working in the community to facilitate interaction with individuals who live with a variety of communication disorders. However, current evidence syntheses are limited to a single disorder (e.g.

Evaluation of a community of practice for speech-language pathologists in aphasia rehabilitation: a logic analysis.

Background: Aphasia is a communication disorder affecting participation. Although there are evidence-based practice recommendations about participation and aphasia rehabilitation, it may be challenging for speech-language pathologists to ensure that rehabilitation activities have an impact on the person's participation, in part due to time limitations. Participation remains limited after rehabilitation for persons who have aphasia.

Use, costs, and predictors of psychiatric healthcare services following an autism spectrum diagnosis: Population-based cohort study.

A number of cross-sectional studies report extensive use of psychiatric services and high healthcare costs in autistic youths. However, little is known about how the use of these services evolves from the time of diagnosis, as children grow up. Our objectives were to investigate the use, costs, and predictors of psychiatric services following autism spectrum diagnosis.

Impact of Psychoactive Drug Use on Developing Obesity among Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Diagnosis: A Nested Case-Control Study.

Background: Obesity in children on the autism spectrum (AS) is becoming a significant health concern. The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors of obesity in a cohort of AS youth and to assess the impact of psychoactive medication use while exploring the second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) dose-response curve.

Study Design: A nested case-control study was conducted using Quebec public administrative databases.

Sox2 Is Essential for Oligodendroglial Proliferation and Differentiation during Postnatal Brain Myelination and CNS Remyelination.

In the CNS, myelination and remyelination depend on the successful progression and maturation of oligodendroglial lineage cells, including proliferation and differentiation of oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPCs). Previous studies have reported that Sox2 transiently regulates oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation in the embryonic and perinatal spinal cord and appears dispensable for myelination in the postnatal spinal cord. However, the role of Sox2 in OL development in the brain has yet to be defined.

Increase in Psychoactive Drug Prescriptions in the Years Following Autism Spectrum Diagnosis: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Psychoactive medications are commonly prescribed to autistic individuals, but little is known about how their use changes after diagnosis.

Objectives: This study describes the use of psychoactive drugs in children and young adults newly diagnosed with autism spectrum, between the year before and up to 5 years after diagnosis.

Methods: Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between the use psychoactive drugs before the first diagnosis of autism spectrum condition (from 1998 to 2010), and the clinical and demographic characteristics, identified from public health care databases in Quebec.

Suppressing N-Acetyl-l-Aspartate Synthesis Prevents Loss of Neurons in a Murine Model of Canavan Leukodystrophy.

Unlabelled: Canavan disease is a leukodystrophy caused by aspartoacylase (ASPA) deficiency. The lack of functional ASPA, an enzyme enriched in oligodendroglia that cleaves N-acetyl-l-aspartate (NAA) to acetate and l-aspartic acid, elevates brain NAA and causes "spongiform" vacuolation of superficial brain white matter and neighboring gray matter. In children with Canavan disease, neuroimaging shows early-onset dysmyelination and progressive brain atrophy.

Life habits of school-aged children with specific language impairment as perceived by their parents and by school professionals.

Purpose: Describe social participation of a group of children with specific language impairment.

Method: 26 parents of children with specific language impairment (SLI) aged from 5 to 13 years and 11 school professionals participated in the study. Data collection was performed with the adapted version for children aged from 5 to 13 years old of the Assessment of Life Habits (Fougeyrollas et al.

[The Citizen Accompaniment Project for Community Integration for people with traumatic brain injury: a step towards resilience?].

Introduction: most people with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) live with physical, sensory, or psychological sequelae that affect their day-to-day functioning and prevent them from performing their regular activities.

Context: a Citizen Accompaniment for Community Integration project (APIC) was implemented for people with TBI to fulfill the lack of access to resources and gives them support to redefine their life projects.

Objectives: this study's aim is to evaluate the APIC's impacts on the participants' wellbeing and their ability to participate in recreational and day-to-day living activities.

Temporal subtraction in chest radiography: automated assessment of registration accuracy.

Radiologists routinely compare multiple chest radiographs acquired from the same patient over time to more completely understand changes in anatomy and pathology. While such comparisons are achieved conventionally through a side-by-side display of images, image registration techniques have been developed to combine information from two separate radiographic images through construction of a "temporal subtraction image." Although temporal subtraction images provide a powerful mechanism for the enhanced visualization of subtle change, errors in the clinical evaluation of these images may arise from misregistration artifacts that can mimic or obscure pathologic change.

Overprotection in couples with aphasia.

Purpose: The study aimed to measure the perception of overprotection in 21 couples living with aphasia, relative to controls.

Method: The 'Questionnaire on Resources and Stress' assessed the spouses' perception and the 'Overprotection Scale for Adults' measured the perception of persons with aphasia.

Results: Husbands of women with aphasia did not differ from husbands of women without aphasia.

Extinction of the estrogen-induced daily signal for LH release in the rat: a role for the proestrous surge of progesterone.

The heightened secretion of estrogen on diestrus-2 is required for the release of an ovulatory amount of LH on the following day, proestrus. Though these surges occur once every 4-5 days in cycling rats, the treatment of ovariectomized rats with a single injection of estrogen results in daily proestrus-like surges of LH. The present study was designed to test the possibility that progesterone, secreted on proestrus, prevents the daily expression of LH surges in cycling animals.