Activation of persons living with HIV for treatment, the great study.

Background: Patient empowerment represents a potent tool for addressing racial, ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in health care, particularly for chronic conditions such as HIV infection that require active patient engagement. This multimodal intervention, developed in concert with HIV patients and clinicians, aims to provide HIV patients with the knowledge, skills, attitudes and tools to become more activated patients.

Methods/design: Randomized controlled trial of a multimodal intervention designed to activate persons living with HIV.

Staff Burnout--a Comparative Study of Metropolitan and Rural Mental Health Nurses within Australia.

This article will present the findings of a research study that investigated the extent to which mental health nurses employed within rural and metropolitan areas of Australia are affected by burnout, using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and a demographic questionnaire. The study also examined whether the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was a valid measure of mental health burnout within the Australian context and culture or alternatively, in what ways it needed to be refined? A cross-sectional study of mental health nurses (n  =  319) from the states of New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland and Western Australia was undertaken. The 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used to measure burnout and a demographic questionnaire utilising a cluster sampling, cross-sectional design survey method, was used to gather the data.

Mercury and selenium accumulation in the Colorado River food web, Grand Canyon, USA.

Mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) biomagnify in aquatic food webs and are toxic to fish and wildlife. The authors measured Hg and Se in organic matter, invertebrates, and fishes in the Colorado River food web at sites spanning 387 river km downstream of Glen Canyon Dam (AZ, USA). Concentrations were relatively high among sites compared with other large rivers (mean wet wt for 6 fishes was 0.

Does N2 fixation amplify the temperature dependence of ecosystem metabolism?

Variation in resource supply can cause variation in temperature dependences of metabolic processes (e.g., photosynthesis and respiration).

Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients With a Prior Tibial Plateau Fracture: A Long-Term Report at 15 Years.

The goal of the current study was to determine the 15-year outcomes of 62 patients who underwent a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) after a prior tibial plateau fracture. Mean age at the index surgical intervention was 63 years. At most recent followup, there were 11 revisions.

The mental health of children of migrant workers in Beijing: the protective role of public school attendance.

The present study aims to understand the mental health status of an understudied group of migrant children - children of migrant workers in China. A total of 1,466 children from Beijing participated in the study that compared migrant children (n = 1,019) to their local peers (n = 447) in public and private school settings. Results showed that overall, migrant children reported more internalizing and externalizing mental health problems and lower life satisfaction than local peers.

A repertoire of leadership attributes: an international study of deans of nursing.

Aim: To determine which characteristics of academic leadership are perceived to be necessary for nursing deans to be successful.

Background: Effective leadership is essential for the continued growth of the discipline.

Method: A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 30 deans (academics in universities who headed a nursing faculty and degree programmes) was conducted in three countries--Canada, England and Australia.

Organo-palladium(II) complexes bearing unsymmetrical N,N,N-pincer ligands: synthesis, structures and oxidatively induced coupling reactions.

The 2-(2′-aniline)-6-imine-pyridines, 2-(C6H4-2′-NH2)-6-(CMe=NAr)C5H3N (Ar = 4-i-PrC6H4 (HL1a), 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 (HL1b)), have been synthesised via sequential Stille cross-coupling, deprotection and condensation steps from 6-tributylstannyl-2-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)pyridine and 2-bromonitrobenzene. The palladium(II) acetate N,N,N-pincer complexes, [{2-(C6H4-2′-NH)-6-(CMe=NAr)C5H3N}Pd(OAc)] (Ar = 4-i-PrC6H4 (1a), 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 (1b)), can be prepared by reacting HL1 with Pd(OAc)2 or, in the case of 1a, more conveniently by the template reaction of ketone 2-(C6H4-2′-NH2)-6-(CMe=O)C5H3N, Pd(OAc)2 and 4-isopropylaniline; ready conversion of 1 to their chloride analogues, [{2-(C6H4-2′-NH)-6-(CMe=NAr)C5H3N}PdCl] (Ar = 4-i-PrC6H4 (2a), 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 (2b)), has been demonstrated. The phenyl-containing complexes, [{2-(C6H4-2′-NH)-6-(CMe=NAr)C5H3N}PdPh] (Ar = 4-i-PrC6H4 (3a), 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 (3b)), can be obtained by treating HL1 with (PPh3)2PdPh(Br) in the presence of NaH or with regard to 3a, by the salt elimination reaction of 2a with phenyllithium.

Does Ankle Aspiration for Acute Ankle Fractures Result in Pain Relief? A Prospective Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Does ankle aspiration help with pain control in patients with ankle fractures?

Design: Prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Setting: Level 1 Academic Medical Center.

Patients/participants: Consecutive skeletally mature patients with ankle fractures.

Atypical presentation of fat embolism syndrome after gunshot wound to the foot.

A 42-year-old man sustained a gunshot wound to the foot, which caused multiple fractures of the tarsal bones. Over the course of 6 hours, he became obtunded and began to experience respiratory compromise and neurologic symptoms. On magnetic resonance imaging, he was found to have innumerable tiny infarcts consistent with fat embolism syndrome.

O,N,N-pincer ligand effects on oxidatively induced carbon-chlorine coupling reactions at palladium.

The syntheses of two families of sterically tuneable O,N,N pro-ligands are reported, namely the 2-(phenyl-2'-ol)-6-imine-pyridines, 2-(C6H4-2'-OH),6-(CMe=NAr)C5H3N [Ar = 4-i-PrC6H4 (HL1(a)), 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 (HL1(b))] and the 2-(phenyl-2'-ol)-6-(amino-prop-2-yl)pyridines, 2-(C6H4-2'-OH),6-(CMe2NHAr)C5H3N [Ar = 4-i-PrC6H4 (HL2(a)), 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 (HL2(b))], using straightforward synthetic approaches and in reasonable overall yields. Interaction of HL1(a/c) and HL2(a/b) with palladium(II) acetate affords the O,N,N-pincer complexes, [{2-(C6H4-2'-O)-6-(CMe=NAr)C5H3N}Pd(OAc)] (Ar = 4-i-PrC6H4 (1a), 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 (1b)) and [{2-(C6H4-2'-O)-6-(CMe2NHAr)C5H3N}Pd(OAc)] (Ar = 4-i-PrC6H4 (2a), 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 (2b)), which can be readily converted to their chloride derivatives, [{2-(C6H4-2'-O)-6-(CMe=NAr)C5H3N}PdCl] (Ar = 4-i-PrC6H4 (3a), 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 (3b)) and [{2-(C6H4-2'-O)-6-(CMe2NHAr)C5H3N}PdCl] (Ar = 4-i-PrC6H4 (4a), 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 (4b)), respectively, on reaction with an aqueous sodium chloride solution. Treating each of 3a, 3b, 4a and 4b with two equivalents of di-p-tolyliodonium triflate at 100 °C in a toluene/acetonitrile mixture affords varying amounts of 4-chlorotoluene along with the 4-iodotoluene by-product with the conversions highly dependent on the steric and backbone properties of the pincer complex employed (viz.

Leadership and management skills of general practice nurses: experience or education?

A key finding of this qualitative exploratory descriptive study into advanced nursing for general practice nurses (Australian setting) revealed that participants viewed leadership and management as best learnt 'apprenticeship' style on the job by years of experience. Participants (48) comprised of general practice nurses, practice managers and general practitioners from metropolitan Melbourne were interviewed. Other findings demonstrated that the participants generally had limited awareness that postgraduate education can assist in the development of leadership and management in advanced nursing practice.

Addressing information needs of vulnerable communities about incontinence: a survey of ten CALD communities.

Urinary incontinence is a common and distressing condition. Using focus groups, we explored the views of ten ethnic language groups in Melbourne about knowledge and awareness of incontinence. The 218 participants (with or without incontinence) spoke with trained interpreters.

Hansen solubility parameters of surfactant-capped silver nanoparticles for ink and printing technologies.

Optimal ink formulations, inclusive of nanoparticles, are often limited to matching the nanoparticle's capping agent or surface degree of polarity to the solvent of choice. Rather than relying on this single attribute, nanoparticle dispersibility was optimized by identifying the Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) of decanoic-acid-capped 5 nm silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by broad spectrum dispersion testing and a more specific binary solvent gradient dispersion method. From the HSPs, solvents were chosen to disperse poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and nanoparticles, give uniform evaporation profiles, and yield a phase-separated microstructure of nanoparticles on PMMA via film formation by solvent evaporation.

Perinatal staff perceptions of safety and quality in their service.

Background: Ensuring safe and appropriate service delivery is central to a high quality maternity service. With this in mind, over recent years much attention has been given to the development of evidence-based clinical guidelines, staff education and risk reporting systems. Less attention has been given to assessing staff perceptions of a service's safety and quality and what factors may influence that.

Interactions between temperature and nutrients across levels of ecological organization.

Temperature and nutrient availability play key roles in controlling the pathways and rates at which energy and materials move through ecosystems. These factors have also changed dramatically on Earth over the past century as human activities have intensified. Although significant effort has been devoted to understanding the role of temperature and nutrients in isolation, less is known about how these two factors interact to influence ecological processes.

Enhancing the Quality of Prevention Research Supported by the National Institutes of Health.

As the nation's premier biomedical research agency, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has supported most of the research that underlies the prevention services that are provided to citizens in the United States and around the world. Within the NIH, the Office of Disease Prevention (ODP) has as its mission to improve the public health by increasing the scope, quality, dissemination, and effect of prevention research supported by the NIH. In today's environment, the ODP needs to focus its efforts to address this mission.