Onto the Next Generation: Exploring the Impact of Mother's Experiences of Child Abuse and Commercial Sex Industry Involvement on Child Custody Outcomes.

Women and girls remain substantially overrepresented in the commercial sex industry. While a number of outcomes have been linked to childhood abuse and involvement with the commercial sex industry, there exists a gap in understanding the unique impact of child abuse on child custody outcomes among adult women involved in the commercial sex industry. Drawing from data collected from 107 case files of adult women with a history of commercial sex industry involvement, the aim of the current study was to understand the link between child abuse history, commercial sex industry involvement, and child custody outcomes.

Lipid Extraction and Sample Preservation Techniques for Stable Isotope Analysis and Ecological Assays.

Lipid extraction is an important component of many ecological and ecotoxicological measurements. For instance, percent lipid is often used as a measure of body condition, under the assumption that those individuals with higher lipid reserves are healthier. Likewise, lipids are depleted in C compared with protein, and it is consequently a routine to remove lipids prior to measuring carbon isotopes in ecological studies so that variation in lipid content does not obscure variation in diet.

"It Takes a Virtual Village" Achieving Magnet Redesignation Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: Canada's Magnet Hospital Journey.

This article outlines how a Canadian hospital achieved the American Nursing Credentialing Center Magnet Recognition Program redesignation after participating in a virtual site visit (VSV) appraisal process amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Within our current COVID-19 landscape, being a resilient Magnet-designated organization is paramount. In this context, the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) has developed a VSV model that (1) extends the use of audio/video (A/V) conferencing technology to showcase nursing excellence; (2) maintains the integrity of the appraisal process; and (3) ensures the safety and well-being of staff, patients and their care partners, and the appraisers.

Depression, anxiety, and loneliness among adolescents and young adults with IBD in the UK: the role of disease severity, age of onset, and embarrassment of the condition.

Purpose: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) report higher depressive symptoms and anxiety compared to healthy controls, with disease severity and abdominal pain being important factors. In the current study, building on what young people had told us in our previous work, we examined whether embarrassment of the condition, social self-efficacy, and friendship quality mediated the relationship between abdominal pain and disease severity, and mental health/well-being. We also included loneliness as a component of well-being.

Sustaining, Forming, and Letting Go of Friendships for Young People with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): A Qualitative Interview-Based Study.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an incurable, chronic, gastrointestinal condition that can constrain young people's social relationships. Few studies have specifically explored friendships of people with IBD. This qualitative, participatory study used interviews, photographs, and friendship maps to explore friendships and friendship networks of young people with IBD.

"I Don't Like to Make a Big Thing out of It": A Qualitative Interview-Based Study Exploring Factors Affecting Whether Young People Tell or Do Not Tell Their Friends about Their IBD.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) describes a group of conditions that includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Unlike some chronic conditions, to a greater or lesser extent, IBD is hidden from or invisible to others which enables concealment of the condition, especially when stigma is associated with the condition. Concealment or nondisclosure allows a means of identity management.

Consensus standards of healthcare for adults and children with inflammatory bowel disease in the UK.

Objective: Symptoms and clinical course during inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) vary among individuals. Personalised care is therefore essential to effective management, delivered by a strong patient-centred multidisciplinary team, working within a well-designed service. This study aimed to fully rewrite the UK Standards for the healthcare of adults and children with IBD, and to develop an IBD Service Benchmarking Tool to support current and future personalised care models.

Developing a core outcome set for fistulising perianal Crohn's disease.

Objective: Lack of standardised outcomes hampers effective analysis and comparison of data when comparing treatments in fistulising perianal Crohn's disease (pCD). Development of a standardised set of outcomes would resolve these issues. This study provides the definitive core outcome set (COS) for fistulising pCD.

Effects of response preference on resistance to change.

Treatments based on differential reinforcement of alternative behavior, such as functional communication training, are widely used. Research regarding the maintenance of related treatment effects is limited. Nevin and Wacker (2013) provided a conceptual framework, rooted in behavioral momentum theory, for the study of treatment maintenance that addressed two components: (a) reemergence of problem behavior, and (b) continued expression of appropriate behavior.

Lipid Extraction Techniques for Stable Isotope Analysis and Ecological Assays.

Lipid extraction is an important component of many ecological and ecotoxicological measurements. For instance, percent lipid is often used as a measure of body condition, under the assumption that those individuals with higher lipid reserves are healthier. Likewise, lipids are depleted in C compared with protein, and it is consequently a routine to remove lipids prior to measuring carbon isotopes in ecological studies so that variation in lipid content does not obscure variation in diet.

Prenatal Breastfeeding Education: Impact on Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.

Background: Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a growing problem in the United States, affecting 32,000 infants annually. Although breastfeeding would benefit infants with NAS, rates among these mothers are low.

Purpose: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to increase breastfeeding rates and decrease hospital length of stay (LOS) for infants with NAS through prenatal breastfeeding initiatives.

Further Demonstrations of Individual Preference among Mand Modalities during Functional Communication Training.

Previous research related to functional communication training has demonstrated its effectiveness across various communication modalities. Additionally, at least one study has demonstrated that, while the intervention can be effective across various communication modalities, individual participants demonstrate a preference among available communication modalities (indicated by response allocation under a concurrent schedules arrangement). The current study evaluated preference among concurrently available communication modalities for 18 individuals with developmental disabilities, including autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability.

Femoral Morphology in the Dysplastic Hip: Three-dimensional Characterizations With CT.

Background: Hip dysplasia represents a spectrum of complex deformities on both sides of the joint. Although many studies have described the acetabular side of the deformity, to our knowledge, little is known about the three-dimensional (3-D) head and neck offset differences of the femora of dysplastic hips. A thorough knowledge of proximal femoral anatomy is important to prevent potential impingement and improve results after acetabular reorientation.

Plasma and serum concentrations of cytarabine administered via continuous intravenous infusion to dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown etiology.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the plasma and serum concentrations of cytarabine (CA) administered via constant rate infusion (CRI) in dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown etiology (MUE). Nineteen client-owned dogs received a CRI of CA at a dose of 25 mg/m /h for 8 h as treatment for MUE. Dogs were divided into four groups, those receiving CA alone and those receiving CA in conjunction with other drugs.

Clinical Experience of Use of High-dose Intravenous Methylprednisolone in Children With Acute Moderate to Severe Colitis.

Objectives: Treatment of acute severe colitis (ASC) has been associated with high morbidity and high colectomy rate in children. In the prebiologics era, our centre used short-term high-dose intravenous corticosteroids (IVCS) at 2 to 30 mg · kg · day. We conducted a retrospective review to compare efficacy of different dosing regimes of IVCS.

Management of ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) in children is increasing. The range of treatments available has also increased too but around 1 in 4 children still require surgery to control their disease. An up-to-date understanding of treatments is essential for all clinicians involved in the care of UC patients to ensure appropriate and timely treatment while minimising the risk of complications and side effects.

Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in autoimmune disease.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent an important class of immunoregulatory cells that can be activated to suppress T cell functions. These MDSCs can inhibit T cell functions through cell surface interactions and the release of soluble mediators. MDSCs accumulate in the inflamed tissues and lymphoid organs of patients with autoimmune diseases.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells regulate T cell and B cell responses during autoimmune disease.

MDSCs are a heterogeneous group of myeloid cells that suppress T cell activity in cancer and autoimmune disease. The effect of MDSCs on B cell function is not clear. Using the CIA model of autoimmune disease, we found an increase in M-MDSCs in the periphery of WT mice with CIA compared with naïve mice.

Modulation of innate immune signaling by the secreted form of the West Nile virus NS1 glycoprotein.

West Nile virus (WNV) employs several different strategies to escape the innate immune response. We have previously demonstrated that the WNV NS1 protein interferes with signal transduction from Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). NS1 is a glycoprotein that can be found intracellularly or associated with the plasma membrane.

What is the prognosis of revision total hip arthroplasty in patients 55 years and younger?

Background: Revision THAs are expected to increase; however, few studies have characterized the prognosis of revision THAs in younger patients.

Questions/purposes: We performed a case-control study to evaluate intermediate-term survivorship, complications, and hip and activity scores after revision THAs in patients 55 years and younger, compared these outcomes with the results of primary THAs in a matched patient population, and evaluated risk factors for failed revisions.

Methods: Ninety-three patients (103 hips) had a minimum of 4 years after revision THA, died, or had rerevision surgery.

Biosafety testing of genetically modified ryegrass (Lolium perenne) using a model for the optimum selection of test invertebrates.

Selection of test species for use in biosafety evaluation of genetically modified plants is challenging but important, as regulators in many jurisdictions require tests to determine the potential for adverse environmental impacts before the release of plants into the environment. This contribution provides an example of an evidence-based process whereby species from the receiving environment can be ranked in order of susceptibility to potential impact, and guide test species selection. The case study used for this example was ryegrass, a forage plant, which had been modified to produce elevated levels of the lipid triacylglyceride.

The pharmacokinetics of cytarabine in dogs when administered via subcutaneous and continuous intravenous infusion routes.

This crossover study compared the pharmacokinetics of cytarabine in six healthy dogs following intravenous constant rate infusion (CRI) and subcutaneous (SC) administrations, as these are two routes of administration commonly employed in the treatment of meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology. Each dog received a SC cytarabine injection of 50 mg/m(2) or an 8 h CRI of 25 mg/m(2) per hour, with a 7-day washout before receiving the alternative treatment. Blood samples were collected for 16 h after CRI initiation and for 8 h after SC injection.

Apparent absence of Parahaemoproteus lophortyx and other hematozoa in North Florida populations of bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus).

Parahaemoproteus lophortyx (formerly Haemoproteus lophortyx) is known to infect populations of bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) in California and to lead to considerable mortalities in these birds. Populations of bobwhite quail in Florida have never been surveyed for the presence of this parasite. The goal of this study was to determine whether P.