Anatomical Considerations for Injectable Fillers in the Face: How to Reduce Complications and Optimize Aesthetic Results.

The popularity of minimally invasive injectable aesthetic treatments has grown exponentially with over thirteen million neurotoxin and dermal filler injections being performed in 2014. While aesthetic results can be dramatic and convalescence minimal, significant complications including vascular compromise, neuropraxia, and blindness have been reported. Thorough knowledge of the complex anatomy in this area and the use of anatomic landmarks can help the physician obtain improved aesthetic results by deploying fillers in the appropriate anatomic plane and avoiding inadvertent injury to important neurovascular structures in this area.

Efficacy and Tolerability of a Procedure Enhancement System with TriHex Technologyas a Pre- and Post-Radiofrequency Microneedling Regimen.

Postoperative recovery is an important consideration for patients planning dermal rejuvenation procedures. A topical procedure enhancement system (PES) containing a tripeptide and hexapeptide (TriHex Technology; Alastin Skincare, Carlsbad, CA) hastens recovery from facial rejuvenation procedures, such as laser resurfacing. We assessed the efficacy and tolerability of the PES compared to a standard-of-care antioxidant regimen for improving recovery following three monthly facial radiofrequency (RF) microneedling treatments.

Bayesian inversion of a diffusion model with application to biology.

A common task in experimental sciences is to fit mathematical models to real-world measurements to improve understanding of natural phenomenon (reverse-engineering or inverse modelling). When complex dynamical systems are considered, such as partial differential equations, this task may become challenging or ill-posed. In this work, a linear parabolic equation is considered as a model for protein transcription from MRNA.

Network inference from population-level observation of epidemics.

Using the continuous-time susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model on networks, we investigate the problem of inferring the class of the underlying network when epidemic data is only available at population-level (i.e., the number of infected individuals at a finite set of discrete times of a single realisation of the epidemic), the only information likely to be available in real world settings.

Split-Sided Chest Study of Skin Rejuvenation Comparing Low-Energy, 1,927-nm Thulium Fractional Laser Treatment Prior to Photodynamic Therapy Versus Photodynamic Therapy Alone.

Background And Objectives: Treatment of photoaging and intrinsic aging of the chest, with the associated concerns of skin roughness, uneven pigmentation, laxity, atrophy, and telangiectasias, can be problematic because of the potential for worsened esthetic outcomes with existing treatments. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of using nonablative fractional laser therapy (FLT) pretreatment with photodynamic therapy (PDT) versus PDT alone for chest rejuvenation.

Study Design/materials And Methods: In a randomized, evaluator-blinded, split-sided study, adult female patients with photodamage to the chest received three treatment courses over an 8-week period with follow-up visits at Weeks 12 and 20.

Progranulin promotes diabetic fracture healing in mice with type 1 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by insulin deficiency, and patients with diabetes have an increased risk of bone fracture and significantly impaired fracture healing. Proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha is significantly upregulated in diabetic fractures and is believed to underlie delayed fracture healing commonly observed in diabetes. Our previous genetic screen for the binding partners of progranulin (PGRN), a growth factor-like molecule that induces chondrogenesis, led to the identification of tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFRs) as the PGRN-binding receptors.

Patient satisfaction and our clinical experience with 459 microfocused ultrasound treatments.

Purpose: Microfocused ultrasound (MFUS) is a safe and effective method for noninvasive skin tightening. Previous clinical studies demonstrate a 60-100% patient satisfaction after MFUS. We used an anonymous online platform after MFUS to assess patient satisfaction.

Self-reported Patient Motivations for Seeking Cosmetic Procedures.

Importance: Despite the growing popularity of cosmetic procedures, the sociocultural and quality-of-life factors that motivate patients to undergo such procedures are not well understood.

Objective: To estimate the relative importance of factors that motivate patients to seek minimally invasive cosmetic procedures.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective, multicenter observational study was performed at 2 academic and 11 private dermatology practice sites that represented all US geographic regions.

Inflammatory cues modulate the expression of secretory product genes, Golgi sulfotransferases and sulfomucin production in LS174T cells.

The signals that mediate goblet cell expression of specific mucin chemotypes are poorly defined. Animal and in vitro studies show that acidomucin chemotypes may be altered by inflammation and changes in intestinal microbiota. To examine factors that may elicit this response, human adenocarcinoma-derived LS174T cells, which have a goblet cell-like phenotype and produce both sulfo- and sialomucins, were used to examine the effects of selected microbial and host factors on expression of goblet cell secretory product genes, sulfotransferases and sulfomucin production.

Pyrosequencing-based analysis of the mucosal microbiota in healthy individuals reveals ubiquitous bacterial groups and micro-heterogeneity.

This study used 16S rRNA-based pyrosequencing to examine the microbial community that is closely associated with the colonic mucosa of five healthy individuals. Spatial heterogeneity in microbiota was measured at right colon, left colon and rectum, and between biopsy duplicates spaced 1 cm apart. The data demonstrate that mucosal-associated microbiota is comprised of Firmicutes (50.

On the relationship between sialomucin and sulfomucin expression and hydrogenotrophic microbes in the human colonic mucosa.

The colonic mucus layer is comprised primarily of acidomucins, which provide viscous properties and can be broadly classified into sialomucins or sulfomucins based on the presence of terminating sialic acid or sulfate groups. Differences in acidomucin chemotypes have been observed in diseases such as colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease, and variation in sialo- and sulfomucin content may influence microbial colonization. For example, sulfate derived from sulfomucin degradation may promote the colonization of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), which through sulfate respiration generate the genotoxic gas hydrogen sulfide.

Abundance and diversity of mucosa-associated hydrogenotrophic microbes in the healthy human colon.

Hydrogenotrophic microbiota have a significant impact on colonic health; however, little is known about their diversity and ecology in situ. Here, molecular-based methods and multivariate analyses were used to examine the abundance and diversity of mucosa-associated hydrogenotrophic microbes in 90 biopsies collected from right colon, left colon and rectum of 25 healthy subjects. Functional genes of all three hydrogenotrophic groups were detected in at least one colonic region of all subjects.

Impact of the intestinal microbiota on the development of mucosal defense.

The gastrointestinal tract is a dynamic ecosystem composed of an organized matrix of host eukaryotic cells, including a fully functional immune system, and numerous microbial habitats normally colonized by a diverse array of microbes. Recent analyses of the gastrointestinal microbiota by use of molecular-based methods indicate that bacterial populations vary substantially among but appear relatively stable within individuals. These observations raise many important questions about the role of the normal microbiota in the development of both the innate and the adaptive immune systems of the host and about how perturbations in this relationship may contribute to various intestinal or immunologic disorders.

[Constraint-induced movement therapy in neurological rehabilitation: which modality to choose? Our experience in rehabilitation in Geneva].

Objective: The purpose of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) is to stimulate the use of the affected upper arm following stroke and to improve the integration of the arm in activities of daily living. CIMT consists of restraining the unaffected arm to limit its use, combined with a training program based on the shaping principle. We aimed to explore how this method can be used in practice by studying 4 patients after stroke.

Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae to beta-lactam agents and fluoroquinolones: a 3-year survey in France.

Objective: To assess trends in the susceptibility to beta-lactam agents and to fluoroquinolones of clinically relevant Enterobacteriaceae isolated over a 3-year period in 14 French hospital laboratories.

Methods: During the second quarter of 1996, 1997 and 1998, 180 consecutive non-duplicate isolates of Enterobacteriaceae were collected in each center. Sixteen beta-lactams and four quinolones were tested by the disk diffusion method.

[Repeated studies of the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in the nasal cavity in hemodialysed patients].

Objectives: In order to better establish a prevention strategy based on mupirocin, we evaluated nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in haemodialysis patients over a 15 month period.

Methods: Search for Staphylococcus aureus in the nasal cavities was made every 2 months in 92 chronic dialysis patients. These patients were divided into 3 groups according to the nature of the carriage: non-permanent, intermittent or permanent.

Solid-phase synthesis of (tyrosyl-alanyl-glutamyl)n by segment condensation.

(Tyr-Ala-Glu)n, n = 1-9, were synthesized by segment condensation using the Fmoc/tert-butyl protection strategy and solid-phase techniques. The C-terminal residue was coupled to the resin and the peptides were built out by adding Fmoc-Glu(O-t-Bu)-Tyr(t-Bu)-Ala-OH units. When the desired lengths were reached the peptides were capped with Fmoc-Tyr(t-Bu)-Ala-OH units.

[Fungal contamination of a dialysis water treatment system].

The authors report fungal contamination of the water delivery system in one of their dialysis centers. They emphasize the insufficiency of the legal recommendations for water analysis, as well as the economical and logistical consequences of this type of contamination. Finally, they suggest disinfection procedures allowing eradication of fungi.

[Hypersensitivity reactions during hemodialysis. Role of high permeability, retrofiltration and bacterial contamination of the dialysate].

Since the more frequent use of highly permeable membranes and bicarbonate dialysate, hypersensitivity reactions are more often described during hemodialysis and raise the question of the entry of pyrogens from dialysate towards blood due to high permeability of membranes and to possible backfiltration. During dialysis sessions with such membranes, authors observed a severe collapse in a patient on bicarbonate fluid and a repeated Quincke's edema in another on acetate fluid. After exclusion of other causes of such hypersensitivity accidents, they discuss the role of bacterial contamination of dialysis fluid.

Anthrax meningitis. Report of two cases with autopsies.

The authors report two cases of occupation-related anthrax meningitis; one was direct contamination from a diseased animal; the second was due to handling of bone powder imported from India. The pathological pattern of involvement of the meninges and brain is described and discussed.