[Ischemic stroke in the young adult].

Ischemic stroke is uncommon in young adults, and its etiologies and prognosis are different from those verified in the cerebrovascular disease of old age. Atherosclerosis is the main cause of stroke in the elderly, while emboligenous cardiopathy is one of the main mechanism underlying this pathology in young adults. Other etiologies include atherosclerosis, coagulopathies, vasculitides, arterial dissection and migraine.

Coincident timing by nondisabled, mentally retarded, and traumatic brain-injured individuals under varying target-exposure conditions.

Coincident timing by 15 nondisabled individuals, 15 mentally retarded and 15 traumatically brain injured was measured under varying target-exposure conditions. Absolute constant error, constant error, and variable error were analyzed in separate repeated-measures analyses of variance for early performance (first block of practice), late performance (last block of practice), and retention (last block of retention). Subjects with mental retardation displayed the least accurate and most variable coincident-timing responses.

Intratester reliability of the Nicholas Manual Muscle Tester on individuals with intellectual disabilities by a tester having minimal experience.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the intratester reliability of measurements obtained with the Nicholas Manual Muscle Tester (NMMT) by a tester having minimal experience on individuals with intellectual disabilities. Seventeen individuals classified as moderately mentally retarded between the ages of 14 and 24 (mean = 18.65) were evaluated with the NMMT using a test-retest reliability procedure after a familiarization session.

Magnitude and reliability of measurements of muscle strength across trials for individuals with mental retardation.

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the magnitude and reliability of strength measures on the Nicholas Manual Muscle Tester for individuals with mental retardation. 17 subjects were given six trials with the dominant and nondominant flexor and extensor muscle groups. No significant differences were found between dominant and nondominant muscle groups by side or by muscle group.

Effects of time of posttest after two durations of exercise on speed and accuracy of addition and subtraction by fit and less-fit women.

18 adult female volunteers, ages 27 to 49 years, were divided into two groups based on their cardiorespiratory fitness to investigate speed and accuracy of addition and subtraction immediately, 5 min., and 15 min. postexercise.

Dementia associated with lacunar infarction.

Background And Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the number of patients with lacunar lesions who develop dementia and to evaluate in patients with and without dementia the relevance of risk factors for cerebrovascular disease, the occurrence of leukoaraiosis, the volume and location of vascular lesions, the size of ventricular and subarachnoid spaces, and stroke recurrence.

Methods: One hundred eight patients in whom computed tomograms revealed lacunar lesions that could account for their clinical neurological pictures were followed up for an average of 4 years after their first lacunar stroke.

Results: Twenty-five patients (23.

Effects of frequency and duration of exercise sessions on physical activity levels and adherence.

The purpose of this study was to assess the relations among physical activity, adherence, and frequency and duration of exercise sessions for 33 male and female sedentary university students. Analysis indicated that frequency and duration of the exercise program did not significantly affect adherence. However, frequency and duration of the exercise sessions did significantly affect leisure activity once the structured exercise program terminated.

A critique of therapeutic intervention programming with reference to an alternative approach based on motor learning theory.

As an alternative to current therapeutic intervention programming for developmentally delayed children, a rationale for intervention programming based on theories of motor control and learning is presented. The authors believe that the keys to successful motor training programs are repetition, correctly performed practice of functional skills, and sufficient learning time to facilitate skill retention and transfer. In order for therapists to construct and implement the most appropriate motor training programs for developmentally delayed children, they must be knowledgeable of the sensory-motor basis of motor skill acquisition.

The effects of EMG biofeedback on strength acquisition.

This study investigated the effectiveness of electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback in maximizing strength gains and integrated electromyographic (IEMG) levels of the quadriceps muscle group resulting from an isokinetic exercise program. Twenty-one male volunteers recruited from physical education classes at a large southwestern university were randomly assigned to one of the following three treatment groups: (1) a biofeedback (BF) trained group, (2) a deception (DEC) trained group, and (3) a nonfeedback (NF) trained group. Subjects were trained and tested for strength by extension on a Cybex Isokinetic Exercise Machine at a speed of 30 degrees per second.