A randomized phase 2b trial examined the effects of the glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptor agonist cotadutide on kidney outcomes in patients with diabetic kidney disease.

Cotadutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon receptor agonist that may improve kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this phase 2b study, patients with T2D and CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] of 20 or more and under 90 mL/min per 1.73 m and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio [UACR] over 50 mg/g) were randomized 1:1:1:1:1 to 26 weeks' treatment with standard of care plus subcutaneous cotadutide uptitrated to 100, 300, or 600 μg, or placebo daily (double-blind), or the GLP-1 agonist semaglutide 1 mg once weekly (open-label).

Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes by Baseline HbA1c and Change in HbA1c in People With Overweight or Obesity but Without Diabetes in SELECT.

Objective: To evaluate the cardiovascular effects of semaglutide by baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and change in HbA1c in a prespecified analysis of Semaglutide Effects on Cardiovascular Outcomes in People With Overweight or Obesity (SELECT).

Research Design And Methods: In SELECT, people with overweight or obesity and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease without diabetes were randomized to weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg or placebo.

Descriptive study of a clinical and educational telemedicine intervention in patients with diabetes receiving glargine 300 U/ml (Toujeo) in Spain: results of the T-Coach programme.

Background: Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, and innovative patient support programmes can help and inform patients about their disease and improve their quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the T-Coach programme in terms of improvement of disease knowledge, self-management and adherence to treatment in a real-world setting in Spain between July 2016 and October 2018.

Methods: We analyzed data from the T-Coach programme, a telephone platform that gives support to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with insulin glargine 300 U/ml (Gla-300).

Efficacy of Dapagliflozin in Southern Europe Across the Spectrum of Characteristics of Type 2 Diabetes: An International Real-World Analysis.

Purpose: To extend a prior real-world analysis (DARWIN-T2D) of patients with type 2 diabetes initiating dapagliflozin in Italy, Greece, and Spain by evaluating changes in glycemic and extra-glycemic endpoints after initiation of dapagliflozin.

Patients And Methods: The association among demographic/clinical characteristics and the change in glycemic and extraglycemic effectiveness endpoints during the observation period was assayed using a mixed effects model.

Results: A total of 1438 (860 males; 59.

Long-term safety and efficacy of the anti-tissue factor pathway inhibitor marstacimab in participants with severe haemophilia: Phase II study results.

Marstacimab, an investigational human monoclonal antibody targeting tissue factor pathway inhibitor, demonstrated safety and efficacy in preventing bleeding episodes in patients with haemophilia. This multicentre, open-label study investigated safety, tolerability, and efficacy of long-term weekly prophylactic marstacimab treatment in participants with severe haemophilia A and B, with or without inhibitors. Adult participants were enrolled from a previous phase Ib/II study or de novo and assigned to one of two subcutaneous (SC) marstacimab doses: once-weekly 300 mg or a 300-mg loading dose followed by once-weekly 150-mg doses, for up to 365 days.

Effects of a Digital Patient Empowerment and Communication Tool on Metabolic Control in People With Type 2 Diabetes: The DeMpower Multicenter Ambispective Study.

Background: Diabetes is a major health care problem, reaching epidemic numbers worldwide. Reducing hemoglobin A (HbA) levels to recommended targets is associated with a marked decrease in the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related complications. The implementation of new technologies, particularly telemedicine, may be helpful to facilitate self-care and empower people with T2DM, leading to improved metabolic control of the disease.

Review of SGLT2i for the Treatment of Renal Complications: Experience in Patients with and Without T2D.

The management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) involves decreasing plasma glucose levels and reducing cardiovascular and microvascular complications. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), defined as presence of albuminuria, impaired glomerular filtration, or both, is an insidious microvascular complication of diabetes that generates a substantial personal and clinical burden. The progressive reduction in renal function and increased albuminuria results in an increase of cardiovascular events.

Effectiveness and safety of dapagliflozin in real-life patients: data from the DAPA-RWE Spanish multicentre study.

Background: This study aims to evaluate dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in clinical practice in Spain.

Methods: This is a retrospective study including adults with T2D under stable antidiabetic therapy, with either dapagliflozin or sitagliptin ≥6 months, before inclusion. Data about the effectiveness and safety of dapagliflozin are presented.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of dapagliflozin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain: results of the DECLARE-TIMI 58 study.

Background: The objective of this study was to carry out a cost-effectiveness analysis of dapagliflozin, as an add-on therapy to standard of care (SoC), for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Spain, based on the results of the DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial.

Methods: A discrete event simulation model (Cardiff T2DM) based on the data observed in the DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial was adapted to the Spanish setting to estimate the costs and health outcomes of treatment with dapagliflozin in patients with T2DM who had or were at risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Macrovascular events (hospitalization for heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and unstable angina), end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality were modeled according to the survival equations of the DECLARE-TIMI 58 study.

Quality of Life in Chilean Transgender Children and Adolescents.

Introduction: Transgender (TG) children and adolescents experience problems in school as well as with family and social relationships that can adversely affect their physical and psychosocial health and impair their quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in TG children.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study comparing HRQoL in gender non-conforming (Trans) and gender-conforming (CIS) children and adolescents using the Spanish version of KIDSCREEN-52 in 120 Chilean Trans and CIS children (aged 8-18 years) and their parents.

Effectiveness and Safety of Insulin Glargine 300 U/ml in Comparison with Insulin Degludec 100 U/ml Evaluated with Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Suboptimal Glycemic Control in Routine Clinical Practice: The OneCARE Study.

Introduction: Data regarding efficacy of second-generation basal insulins (BI) using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) come from clinical trials. We evaluated the effectiveness of insulin glargine 300 U/ml (Gla-300) compared to insulin degludec 100 U/ml (IDeg-100) in terms of percentage of time in range (TIR); 70-180 mg/dl was obtained from CGM in sub-optimally controlled patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in routine clinical practice.

Methods: This observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study included patients with T1D (> 3 years diabetes duration, HbA ≥ 7.

DAPA-RWE: a retrospective multicenter study comparing dapagliflozin and sitagliptin in patients with Type 2 diabetes treated under routine clinical practice in Spain.

Weight reduction and glycemic control are key goals during Type 2 diabetes management. However, there are few country-specific, real-world data on cotransporter 2 inhibitors. DAPA-RWE was a retrospective, multicenter study comparing the efficacy of dapagliflozin versus sitagliptin in Type 2 diabetes patients in Spain.

Anti-interleukin-21 antibody and liraglutide for the preservation of β-cell function in adults with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.

Background: Type 1 diabetes is characterised by progressive loss of functional β-cell mass, necessitating insulin treatment. We aimed to investigate the hypothesis that combining anti-interleukin (IL)-21 antibody (for low-grade and transient immunomodulation) with liraglutide (to improve β-cell function) could enable β-cell survival with a reduced risk of complications compared with traditional immunomodulation.

Methods: This randomised, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, double-dummy, double-blind, phase 2 trial was done at 94 sites (university hospitals and medical centres) in 17 countries.

Visual field progression in patients with severe glaucoma.

Purpose: To assess the cumulative risk of progression in glaucomatous eyes in the severe stage of disease.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. Patients that had severe damage in at least one eye, as defined by three criteria including a mean deviation of ≤ - 20 dB, were included.

Compatibility and Safety of Ultra Rapid Lispro with Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: PRONTO-Pump Study.

Ultra rapid lispro (URLi) is a new insulin lispro formulation that has accelerated absorption and improved postprandial glucose control compared with insulin lispro (Humalog). The compatibility and safety of URLi versus lispro were evaluated in patients with type 1 diabetes using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (insulin pump). In this phase 3, double-blind, crossover study, 49 patients were randomized to two 6-week treatment periods, after a 2-week lead-in period on lispro.

Once-Weekly Efpeglenatide Dose-Range Effects on Glycemic Control and Body Weight in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on Metformin or Drug Naive, Referenced to Liraglutide.

Objective: To explore the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of once-weekly efpeglenatide, a long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), in early type 2 diabetes (T2D) (drug naive or on metformin monotherapy).

Research Design And Methods: EXCEED 203 was a 12-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group, dose-ranging study of efpeglenatide once weekly referenced to open-label liraglutide 1.8 mg (exploratory analysis).

Clinical Approach to Flash Glucose Monitoring: An Expert Recommendation.

The flash glucose monitoring (FGM) system FreeStyle Libre® is a device that measures interstitial glucose in a very simple way and indicates direction and speed of glucose change. This allows persons with diabetes to prevent hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic events. Scientific evidence indicates that the system can improve glycemic control and quality of life.

Effect of Telephone-Delivered Interventions on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Glargine Insulin.

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[Efficacy of the strategy to improve the quality indicators of Diabetes Mellitus 2 Care Process in Advanced Diabetes Centre Macarena].

Introduction: The assessment of the Diabetes Mellitus 2 Care Process (PAI-DM2) through the assessment tool for the chronic illness' care models (IEMAC-Diabetes) allows the design of health interventions for the improvement of medical care.

Objective: Analysing the quality of healthcare provided to DM2 patients.

Design: Quasiexperimental study before and after intervention with a not randomised control group.

Practical Approach to Initiating SGLT2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes.

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are an attractive novel therapeutic option for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. They block the reabsorption of filtered glucose in kidneys, mainly in proximal renal tubules, resulting in increased urinary glucose excretion and correction of the diabetes-related hyperglycemia. Beyond improving glucose control, SGLT2 inhibitors offer potential benefits by reducing body weight and blood pressure.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Insulin Detemir Compared to Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) in Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Spain.

Introduction: An Excel (Microsoft Corporation) model was adapted to estimate the short-term (1-year) cost effectiveness of insulin detemir (IDet) versus neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in patients initiating insulin treatment with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Spain.

Methods: Clinical benefits included the non-severe hypoglycemia rate for T1DM and T2DM, and weight change for T2DM. Three scenarios were included with different hypoglycemia rates estimated on the basis of clinical trials and observational studies.