Rational application of the ESPGHAN 2022 recommendations for the follow-up of the paediatric coeliac patient: consensus document of scientific societies (SEGHNP, AEPAP, SEPEAP, SEEC, AEG, SEPD, SEMFYC, SEMG and SEMERGEN).

Coeliac disease is a common condition for which the only current treatment is a gluten-free diet. Adherence to this diet is not always easy and is associated with a reduction in quality of life for the patient and their family. Non-adherence is associated with complications of varying severity.

The intestinal microbiome of infants with cow's milk-induced FPIES is enriched in taxa and genes of enterobacteria.

Objectives: Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a severe type of non-IgE (immunoglobulin E)-mediated (NIM) food allergy, with cow's milk (CM) being the most common offending food. The relationship between the gut microbiota and its metabolites with the inflammatory process in infants with CM FPIES is unknown, although evidence suggests a microbial dysbiosis in NIM patients. This study was performed to contribute to the knowledge of the interaction between the gut microbiota and its derived metabolites with the local immune system in feces of infants with CM FPIES at diagnosis.