Identification of Legionella by MALDI Biotyper through three preparation methods and an in-house library comparing phylogenetic and hierarchical cluster results.

The identification and typing of bacteria are very expensive and time-consuming due to their growth times, and the expertise needed. MALDI-TOF MS represents a fast technique, reproducible with molecular approaches. This technique is still poorly applied in Legionella surveillance with estimation occurring only at the genus level.

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP): An Innovative Approach for the Environmental Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2.

The rapid and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 in environmental settings is crucial for effective public health management during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study compares the performance of the Reverse Transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and the Reverse Transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) for SARS-CoV-2 detection from 100 surface samples collected in healthcare environments. The reference method, RT-qPCR, identified a percentage of 25% of positive samples, while RT-LAMP detected a percentage of 27% of positive surfaces.

Characterization of a Novel Species of Isolated from a Healthcare Facility: sp. nov.

Two -like isolates, 8cVS16 and 9fVS26, were isolated from a water distribution system (WDS) in a healthcare facility. Cells were Gram- and Ziehl Neelsen-stain-negative, rod-shaped, motile, and exhibited a blue-white fluorescence under Wood's lamp at 365 nm. The strains grew in a range of 32-37 °C on BCYE with (C+), GVPC, and MWY agar medium, with a positive reaction for oxidase, catalase, and gelatinase.

[New Perspectives in Post-Surgical Acute Kidney Injury During Sepsis].

Postoperative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI) is a common complication of major surgery that is strongly associated with short-term surgical complications and long-term adverse outcomes. Risk factors for PO-AKI include older age and comorbid diseases such as chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. Sepsis is a common complication in patients undergoing surgery and is a major risk factor for the development of acute kidney injury (SA-AKI).

First water safety plan approach applied to a Dental Clinic complex: identification of new risk factors associated with and contamination, using a novel sampling, maintenance and management program.

Dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) represent a complex environment able to promote microbial contamination, due to functional, mechanical and practical risk factors. According to a water safety plan approach, the main goal is to preserve the health of dentists, dental staff and patients. The aim of this study is to develop a DUWLs water safety plan that is able to support correct and effective maintenance and disinfection procedures.

[Discovering uncommon nephropathies: a case of acute kidney damage from malaria].

Malaria is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world with a high prevalence in developing countries. Renal impairment occurs in 40% of Plasmodium falciparum infections; glomeruli, tubules or interstitium can be involved with different pathophysiological mechanisms. We describe a case of severe acute renal failure caused by P.

Investigating the Origin of Mycobacterium chimaera Contamination in Heater-Cooler Units: Integrated Analysis with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Whole-Genome Sequencing.

Mycobacterium chimaera is ubiquitously spread in the environment, including factory and hospital water systems. Invasive cases of M. chimaera infection have been associated with aerosols produced by the use of heater-cooler units (HCU) during cardiac surgery.

sp. nov., isolated from a hotel water distribution system in northern Italy.

-like isolates, strains 27fs60, 30fs61 and 30cs62, were isolated from a hotel water distribution system in the Emilia-Romagna region, Italy. Isolates were Gram- and Ziehl Neelsen-stain-negative, rod-shaped, with transitory flagella presence and able to grow at 32-37 °C (with an optimum at 32 °C) on buffered charcoal-yeast extract agar with l-cysteine, glycine-vancomycin-polymyxin B-cycloheximide agar and Wadowsky-Yee medium agar. The strains showed positive reactions for oxidase, hippurate and gelatinase and a weakly positive reaction for catalase.

Combining Traditional and Molecular Techniques Supports the Discovery of a Novel Species During Environmental Surveillance in a Healthcare Facility.

surveillance plays a significant role not only to prevent the risk of infection but also to study the ecology of isolates, their characteristics, and how their prevalence changes in the environment. The difficulty in isolation, identification, and typing results in a low notification rate; therefore, human infection is still underestimated. In addition, during surveillance, the special attention given to leads to an underestimation of the prevalence and risk of infection for other species.

Case Report: First Report of Fatal and Coinfection in a Kidney Transplant Recipient.

A very rare case of pulmonary coinfection in a double kidney transplanted man affected by the chronic renal disease is described. Cases of Legionnaires' disease with an incubation period of 14 days have rarely been documented. Despite the long period of hospitalization, typing of clinical and environmental strains demonstrated that the patient's home water distribution system was the source of infection, highlighting that house contamination can be a hidden risk, especially for immune-compromised people.

Use of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy With IR Biotyper® System for Serogroups Identification.

spp. are Gram-negative bacteria that inhabit freshwater environments representing a serious risk for human health. () is the species most frequently responsible for a severe pneumonia known as Legionnaires' disease.

Draft Genome Sequence of Species Isolated from Drinking Water in an Italian Industry.

We report the draft genome sequences of an environmental strain isolated from an industrial water distribution system in Italy. Macrophage infectivity potentiator ( and β-subunit of RNA polymerase () genes were used to perform the species identification. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) identified the isolate as belonging to a presumptive novel species, with a genome length of 3,281,851 bp.

New Insight regarding Non- Species Identification: Comparison between the Traditional Gene Classification Scheme and a Newly Proposed Scheme Targeting the Gene.

The identification of non- species (non-) in clinical and environmental samples is based on the gene, although several studies suggest its limitations and the need to expand the classification scheme to include other genes. In this study, the development of a new classification scheme targeting the gene is proposed to obtain a more reliable identification of 135 environmental isolates. All isolates were sequenced for the and genes, and the results were compared to study the discriminatory power of the proposed scheme.

Renal Thrombotic Microangiopathy in Concurrent COVID-19 Vaccination and Infection.

We report on the development of nephrotic proteinuria and microhematuria, with histological features of renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), following the first dose of BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) and COVID-19 diagnosis. A 35-year-old previously healthy man was admitted at our hospital due to the onset of foamy urine. Previously, 40 days earlier, he had received the first injection of the vaccine, and 33 days earlier, the RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 tested positive.

Flash Glucose Monitoring to Assess Glycemic Control and Variability in Hemodialysis Patients: The GIOTTO Study.

Flash glucose monitoring (FGM) is a technology with considerable differences compared to continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), but it has been scarcely studied in hemodialysis patients. Thus, we aimed assessing the performance of FGM in such patients by comparison to self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). We will also focus on estimation of glycemic control and variability, and their relationships with parameters of glucose homeostasis.

Development and validation of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound systems for highly controlled in vitro cell stimulation.

This work aims to describe the development and validation of two low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation systems able to control the dose delivered to the biological target. Transducer characterization was performed in terms of pressure field shape and intensity, for a high-frequency range (500 kHz to 5 MHz) and for a low-frequency value (38 kHz). This allowed defining the distance, on the beam axis, at which biological samples should be placed during stimulation and to exactly know the intensity at the target.

Dynamics of Legionella Community Interactions in Response to Temperature and Disinfection Treatment: 7 Years of Investigation.

In man-made water distribution systems, Legionella community interactions remain unknown, due to their ability to change from sessile to planktonic states or live in viable but non-culturable forms, in response to anthropic and environmental stress. During 7 years of hospital Legionella surveillance, in 191 hot water positive samples, the interactions among the Legionella species, temperature, and disinfection treatment were evaluated. Legionella was isolated following ISO 11731:2017, and identification was performed by mip gene sequencing and sequence-based typing (SBT) for L.

Occurrence of spp. in Man-Made Water Sources: Isolates Distribution and Phylogenetic Characterization in the Emilia-Romagna Region.

species distribution in the Emilia-Romagna region, involving hospital (H) and community (C) environments, was conducted. culture, agglutination test, and -gene sequencing were applied on 240 isolates. The analysis showed a higher prevalence of non- (n-) species (84.

Draft Genome Sequences of Presumptive Novel Species Isolated during Environmental Surveillance in Artificial Water Systems.

We present the draft genome sequences of three strains that were isolated from a hotel water distribution system. species identification was performed by macrophage infectivity potentiator () and RNA polymerase β subunit () gene sequencing. Whole-genome sequencing and average nucleotide identity results supported the hypothesis of new species isolation.

Evaluation of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry in Diagnostic and Environmental Surveillance of Species: A Comparison With Culture and -Gene Sequencing Technique.

spp. are widespread bacteria in aquatic environments with a growing impact on human health. Between the 61 species, is the most prevalent in human diseases; on the contrary, non- species are less detected in clinical diagnosis or during environmental surveillance due to their slow growth in culture and the absence of specific and rapid diagnostic/analytical tools.

How Molecular Typing Can Support Environmental Surveillance in Hot Water Distribution Systems: A Hospital Experience.

In this study, we aimed to associate the molecular typing of isolates with a culture technique during routine hospital environmental surveillance in hot water distribution systems (HWDSs) to develop a risk map able to be used to prevent nosocomial infections and formulate appropriate preventive measures. Hot water samples were cultured according to ISO 11731:2017. The isolates were serotyped using an agglutination test and genotyped by sequence-based typing (SBT) for or macrophage infectivity potentiator () gene sequencing for non- species.

Sit bath systems: A new source of Legionella infection.

Sit Bath Systems (SBSs) are the most common hygiene method for patients who are not self-sufficient. Therefore, the water quality of SBSs in the nosocomial environment plays a fundamental role in controlling infections for both patients and health-care workers. A long-term study on Legionella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.

[Resilience in COVID-19 times: general considerations on the recovery of a 93-year-old patient on haemodialysis treatment].

We report the case of a 93-year-old woman on haemodialysis treatment for more than 30 months and with multiple comorbidities who recovered from a Covid-19 infection without any significant clinical problems. The patient has shown a delay in viral clearance with swab test negativization (confirmed) after 33 days; after testing positive again, she has resulted persistently negative, (confirmed after 49 days). After the first negative swab, IgG and IgM antibodies have been found; these have remained persistently positive after a month.

Performance of Legiolert Test vs. ISO 11731 to Confirm Contamination in Potable Water Samples.

Detection and enumeration of in water samples is of great importance for risk assessment analysis. The plate culture method is the gold standard, but has received several well-known criticisms, which have induced researchers to develop alternative methods. The purpose of this study was to compare counts obtained by the analysis of potable water samples through the plate culture method and through the IDEXX liquid culture Legiolert method.