Investigation of nerve fibers in the skin by biopsy: technical aspects, indications, and contribution to diagnosis of small-fiber neuropathy.

Skin biopsy with investigation of small-diameter nerve fibers in human epidermis and dermis has been proven to be a useful method for confirming small-fiber neuropathy. In medical practice, small-fiber neuropathy is increasingly recognized as a leading cause of neuropathic pain. It is a prevalent complaint in medical offices, brought by patients often as a "painful burning sensation".

Site-Specific Regulation of Sulfatase and Aromatase Pathways for Estrogen Production in Endometriosis.

Endometriosis is a highly prevalent gynecological disease characterized by lesions in different sites. Regulation of specific estrogen pathways may favor the formation of distinct microenvironments and the progression of endometriosis. However, no study has simultaneously evaluated the gene and protein regulation of the main estrogen-synthesizing enzymes in endometriosis.

Altered p16, IL-1β, and Lamin b1 Protein Expression Suggest Cellular Senescence in Deep Endometriotic Lesions.

Endometriosis causes immunological and cellular alterations. Endometriosis lesions have lower levels of lamin b1 than the endometrium. Moreover, high levels of pro-inflammatory markers are observed in the peritoneal fluid, follicular fluid, and serum in endometriosis lesions.

Depleted lamin B1: a possible marker of the involvement of senescence in endometriosis?

Propose: Endometriosis is a benign disease characterized by implantation and the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity and it shares similarities with cancer. Lamin B1, p16 and p21 play a role on cell cycle regulation, development, cell repair and its activities are related to cancers. Considering the similarities between endometriosis and cancer, the aim of the present cross-sectional study is to detect p16, p21 and Lamin B1 in the ectopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis (n = 8) with eutopic (n = 8) and control endometrium (n = 8) and relate them to the maintenance and development of endometriosis.

Cell-cycle analysis and apoptosis-associated proteins in cervical lesions of Brazilian women.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to detect the relative expressions of p53, p21(Waf1/Cip1), p27(Kip1) Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 in cervical lesion samples from Brazilian women by immunohistochemistry.

Materials And Methods: A total of 230 cervical biopsies in paraffin-embedded blocks were studied: 43 were invasive squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 52 carcinomas in situ/cervical intraepithelial neoplasias III (CIN III), 54 cervical intraepithelial neoplasias II (CIN II), 51 cervical intraepithelial neoplasias I (CIN I) and 30 non-neoplastic lesions (NN) with benign cellular changes.

Results: Significant differences were observed in the p53 expression between the different groups: NN and CIN I (p=0.

HSP27 is commonly expressed in cervical intraepithelial lesions of Brazilian women.

Heat shock proteins are molecular chaperones that may be constitutively present in cells protecting them from various stresses, such as extreme temperature, anoxia or chemical agents. Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent malignancy of women. In this study, we analyzed the expression of Hsp27 by immunohistochemistry in cervical intraepithelial lesions of Brazilian women, along with samples from non neoplasic lesions (NN).

Correlation analysis of c-myc, p21(WAF/CIP1), p53, C-erbB-2 and COX-2 proteins in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal cancer is one of the most frequently occurring malignancies and the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common histological type of esophageal cancer worldwide. Our goal in this study was to detect c-myc, p21(WAF/CIP1), p53, C-erbB-2 and COX-2 immuno-expression in ESCC.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is consistently expressed in Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg cells and has no impact on survival in patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related and non-related Hodgkin lymphoma in Brazil.

Clinical and histological features of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) are primarily due to the effects of cytokines and enzymes produced by Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells and their surrounding inflammatory cells. In EBV-related cancers, the expression of viral latent membrane protein 1 correlates with an increased MMP9 expression. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic relevance of MMP9 expression and EBV status in HRS cells in patients with cHL in Brazil.

Expression of p27, p21(WAF/Cip1), and p16(INK4a) in normal oral epithelium, oral squamous papilloma, and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Aim: To characterize the immunohistochemical expression of p27, p21(WAF/Cip1) and p16(INK4a) in normal oral epithelium, oral squamous papilloma and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for p27, p21(WAF/Cip1) and p16(INK4a) was evaluated in 32 samples of normal oral squamous epithelium, 30 samples of oral squamous papilloma, and 34 samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Results: Statistically significant differences (p<0.

Impact of Epstein-Barr virus in the clinical evolution of patients with classical Hodgkin's lymphoma in Brazil.

Introduction: Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma (cHL) has been frequently associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which can be found in a latent pattern in Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells. However, the impact of the presence of EBV in RS cells and its prognosis are still controversial. We analysed the presence of EBV in RS cells and its influence in the clinical evolution of patients with cHL treated in two public hospitals in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.

Analysis of GB virus C infection among HIV-HCV coinfected patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of GB virus C on laboratory markers and histological parameters among HIV-seropositive patients coinfected with HCV. Lower degrees of hepatic lesions were observed in the triple-infected patients, in comparison with HIV-HCV coinfected patients who were negative for GBV-C RNA.

Immunohistochemical expression of p16(INK4A) in normal uterine cervix, nonneoplastic epithelial lesions, and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.

Objectives: In this study, the authors analyzed the immunoexpression of p16 in high-risk human papillomavirus DNA-negative normal and nonneoplastic cervical epithelia, in low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), high-grade CIN, and squamous cell carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study, in which 58 normal cervical hysterectomy samples, 56 nonneoplastic cervical biopsies, 88 CIN 1, 33 CIN 2, 32 CIN 3, and 47 invasive squamous cell carcinoma biopsies, were evaluated for p16 immunoexpression. Human papillomavirus tests were also performed.