Beat the heat: wearable-based study of perceived heat stress and physiological strain in swiss track workers in a controlled climate chamber.

Increasing temperatures pose new challenges for track workers (TWs), who endure prolonged exposure to extreme heat and humidity. New methods are critically needed to assess their performance and heat tolerance, aiming to mitigate workplace accidents and long-term health consequences. This study aimed to investigate the physiological effects of heat exposure on TWs, using wearable sensors to monitor key physiological parameters under controlled environmental conditions.

Mycobacterium bovis mutant in the virulence factors PhoP, ESAT-6 and CFP-10 persisted in mouse organs after a year post-vaccination.

A vaccine for bovine tuberculosis is urgently needed. The BCG vaccine (the Bacille Calmette-Guérin), currently the only licensed vaccine for tuberculosis in humans, offers variable protection in cattle. However, BCG is a highly safe vaccine, and any alternative vaccine must not only offer greater protection than BCG but also match and improve its safety profile.

B Cell and Antibody Responses in Bovine Tuberculosis.

The development of vaccines and effective diagnostic methods for bovine tuberculosis requires an understanding of the immune response against its causative agent, . Although this disease is primarily investigated and diagnosed through the assessment of cell-mediated immunity, the role of B cells and antibodies in bovine tuberculosis has been relatively undervalued and understudied. Current evidence indicates that circulating -specific antibodies are not effective in controlling the disease.

Anticipating the side effects of benznidazole: HLA-B*35 and patch test.

Introduction: Treatment of Chagas disease frequently causes distress to patients due to a high incidence of adverse effects. Different preemptive tests have been researched to prevent these effects and to allow focus to be given to certain predisposed patients. Benznidazole is the most prescribed Chagas disease treatment in Spain.

Uncovering Emotions: A Pilot Study on Classifying Moods in the Valence-Arousal Space using In-the-Wild Passive Data.

Mood classification from passive data promises to provide an unobtrusive way to track a person's emotions over time. In this exploratory study, we collected phone sensor data and physiological signals from 8 individuals, including 5 healthy participants and 3 depressed patients, for a maximum of 35 days. Participants were asked to answer a digital questionnaire three times daily, resulting in a total of 334 self-reported mood state samples.

1D-Convolutional Neural Networks can Quantify Therapy Content of Children and Adolescents Walking in a Robot-Assisted Gait Trainer.

Therapy content, consisting of device parameter settings and therapy instructions, is crucial for an effective robot-assisted gait therapy program. Settings and instructions depend on the therapy goals of the individual patient. While device parameters can be recorded by the robot, therapeutic instructions and associated patient responses are currently difficult to capture.

A Transcriptional Analysis of Cattle Immune Cells Reveals a Central Role of Type 1 Interferon in the In Vitro Innate Immune Response against .

Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease primarily caused by , a bacterium that affects cattle and other mammals, including humans. Despite the availability of vast research about the immune response mechanisms of human tuberculosis caused by , the knowledge of bovine tuberculosis's immunology, particularly regarding the innate immune response, still remains scarce. In this study, we compared the transcriptome of cell cultures containing lymphocytes and infected-macrophages with two strains of variable virulence, the virulent Mb04-303 strain and the attenuated Mb534.

Tolerance and Adherence of Patients with Chronic Chagas Disease Treated with Benznidazole.

Background: Chagas disease (CD) treatment is commonly associated with a high incidence of adverse effects. It is crucial to study and update these adverse effects to improve the existing knowledge of which drugs to use and to clarify the information presented to patients.

Methods: We analyzed the adverse effects of benznidazole in two cohorts of patients: a large retrospective study and a small prospective study.

Double immunofluorescence staining of whole-mount small intestinal mucosa samples as a tool for characterization of three-dimensional paratuberculosis granulomas.

Bovine paratuberculosis (PTB) is a chronic granulomatous enteritis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map). The progression of PTB from subclinical to the clinical stage of the disease is determined locally at the level of the granuloma, a host defence hallmark against mycobacterial infection.

The Latin American Epidemiology Network for ALS (Laenals).

There is evolving evidence of non-uniform distribution of ALS worldwide, with apparently lower incident and prevalent rates outside populations of European origin. However, the phenotype, survival and environmental risk in populations of mixed ancestral origin have not been well established. Large scale population based studies of incidence, prevalence, phenotype and risk factors in admixed populations are necessary to determine the true demography of ALS, and to test the hypothesis of differential risk and phenotype in populations of mixed ancestry.

Semi-stable Production of Bovine IL-4 and GM-CSF in The Mammalian Episomal Expression System.

Introduction: Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) are cytokines widely used in monocyte differentiation experiments, vaccine formulations and disease treatment. The aim of this study was to produce recombinant bovine GM-CSF and IL-4 in an episomal expression system that conserves the postransductional modification of the native proteins and to use the products to differentiate bovine monocytes into dendritic cells.

Material And Methods: The recombinant proteins rGM-CSF and rIL-4 were expressed in PEAKrapid CRL-2828 human kidney cells, ATCC CRL-2828.

Canine distemper virus in wildlife in south-western Europe.

Multi-host pathogens emerging and re-emerging at the wildlife-domestic animal interface affect wildlife management and conservation. This is the case of canine distemper virus (CDV), a paramyxovirus closely related to human measles virus and rinderpest virus of cattle. With an area of 10,603 km , Asturias region in Atlantic Spain is a hotspot of carnivore diversity, which includes the largest Eurasian brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) population and one of the largest wolf (Canis lupus) populations in south-western Europe.

Incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome in an Uruguayan population. A prospective cohort study.

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune peripheral inflammatory neuropathy and the most frequent cause of non-poliovirus acute flaccid paralysis worldwide. Background annual GBS incidence rates (IRs) in Latin America (LA) varies from 0.40 to 2.

FasR Regulates Fatty Acid Biosynthesis and Is Essential for Virulence of .

, the etiologic agent of human tuberculosis, is the world's leading cause of death from an infectious disease. One of the main features of this pathogen is the complex and dynamic lipid composition of the cell envelope, which adapts to the variable host environment and defines the fate of infection by actively interacting with and modulating immune responses. However, while much has been learned about the enzymes of the numerous lipid pathways, little knowledge is available regarding the proteins and metabolic signals regulating lipid metabolism during infection.

Rv2577 of Is a Virulence Factor With Dual Phosphatase and Phosphodiesterase Functions.

Tuberculosis, a lung disease caused by , is one of the ten leading causes of death worldwide affecting mainly developing countries. can persist and survive inside infected cells through modulation of host antibacterial attack, i.e.

Pregnancy and Chagas Disease: Benznidazole's Impact on Pregnancy and Newborns: A Report of Four Cases.

In recent decades and because of migration, Chagas disease has become a global public health problem. A significant focus has been placed on pregnant women who can transmit the disease to their offspring. Here, we report four cases of women who did not know that they were pregnant while they were being treated with benznidazole.

The Clinical and Parasitologic Follow-up of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected Children in a Nonendemic Country.

Background: Chagas disease has become a global health problem, with the pediatric population being especially vulnerable. Our aim was to describe the clinical-epidemiologic aspects of disease in this population, as well as tolerance and adherence to treatment and the subsequent evolution of the disease.

Methods: A prospective study involving 949 children 0-14 years of age screened from 2007 to 2018.

Rv2617c and P36 are virulence factors of pathogenic mycobacteria involved in resistance to oxidative stress.

In this study, we characterized the role of Rv2617c in the virulence of . Rv2617c is a protein of unknown function unique to complex (MTC) and , this protein interacts with the virulence factor P36 (also named Erp) and KdpF, a protein linked to nitrosative stress. Here, we showed that knockout of the gene in CDC1551 reduced the replication of the pathogen in a mouse model of infection and favored the trafficking of mycobacteria to phagolysosomes.

Analysing nonsynonymous mutations between two Mycobacterium bovis strains with contrasting pathogenic profiles.

Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, a chronic infectious disease that can affect cattle, other domesticated species, wild animals and humans. This disease produces important economic losses worldwide.

Acute/Subacute and Sub-Chronic Oral Toxicity of a Hidroxytyrosol-Rich Virgin Olive Oil Extract.

The objective of this study was to determine the acute (one single dose), subacute (14 days), and sub-chronic (90 days) toxicity of an aqueous virgin olive oil (VOO) extract rich in hydroxytyrosol in rats. For acute/subacute toxicity, rats were divided into three groups. The control group received distilled water ( = 9), another experimental group received a single dose of 300 mg/kg ( = 3), and a third group received one dose of 2000 mg/kg ( = 4) during 14 days.

Bovine macrophages responses to the infection with virulent and attenuated Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona.

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis, caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Although cattle are usually the maintenance hosts of serovar Hardjo, Pomona is the most frequent serovar circulating in Argentina. The understanding of bovine innate immune response and the virulence of this serovar is important for future control measures.