Unusual anterior and posterior segment features of coats disease.

Purpose: To report the clinical course and management of unusual anterior and posterior segment features of Coats disease and their relation to the age of the patients to increase the awareness towards these rare clinical features rarely described in the current literature.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive review of 45 eyes of 45 patients affected by Coats disease was conducted at the Retinoblastoma Referral Center and Ophthalmology Unit of the University of Siena in Italy analyzing data from 2000 to 2022. Medical records and images were revised to find some cases presenting unusual anterior and posterior segment features in patients affected by Coats disease.

Medulloepithelioma in newborn: Advanced clinical status.

We report three cases of congenital medulloepithelioma, which is an extremely rare clinical pattern of a tumor rare by definition. The aim of this study is to underline the clinical features of advanced medulloepithelioma in newborns.

Very late orbital recurrence of choroidal melanoma four decades post enucleation.

Orbital recurrence of malignant choroidal melanoma is quite uncommon, occurring in about 3% of patients undergoing enucleation for large tumors. Orbital recurrences after more than 10 years from enucleation are even rarer. In literature, only few reports described orbital recurrence that occurred between 10 and 40 years after primary diagnosis.

Fovea-sparing coats disease: A rare clinical entity.

Purpose: To evaluate the rarity, clinical features and management of Coats disease characterized by fovea-sparing enhancing the importance of pediatric retinal screening and early management to maintain a good visual acuity.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of approximately 40 patients affected by Coats disease between 2000 and 2020 at the Retinoblastoma Referral Center and Ophthalmology unit of the University of Siena in Italy.

Results: Two patients with fovea sparing Coats disease were included.

The Second Division of Trigeminal Nerve for Corneal Neurotization: A Novel One-Stage Technique in Combination With Facial Reanimation.

Corneal neurotization represents an effective surgical strategy to restore corneal sensibility in patients affected by neurotrophic keratopathy.Corneal sensibility is essential in preserving structure and function of the eye. Loss of corneal sensibility can lead to a degenerative condition of the cornea known as neurotrophic keratopathy.

Blindness and Glaucoma: A Multicenter Data Review from 7 Academic Eye Clinics.

Purpose: To evaluate frequency, conversion rate, and risk factors for blindness in glaucoma patients treated in European Universities.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 2402 consecutive patients with glaucoma in at least one eye. Medical charts were inspected and patients were divided into those blind and the remainder ('controls').

Effectiveness and tuberculosis-related safety profile of interleukin-1 blocking agents in the management of Behçet's disease.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a multi-systemic disorder of unknown etiology characterized by relapsing oral-genital ulcers, uveitis, and involvement of the articular, gastrointestinal, neurologic, and vascular systems. Although the primum movens of this condition remains unknown, a tangled plot combining autoimmune and autoinflammatory pathways has been hypothesized to explain its start and recurrence. In-depth analysis of BD pathogenetic mechanisms, involving dysfunction of multiple proinflammatory molecules, has opened new modalities of treatment: different agents targeting interleukin-1 have been studied in recent years to manage the most difficult and multi-resistant cases of BD.

Spinal administration of mGluR5 antagonist prevents the onset of bortezomib induced neuropathic pain in rat.

Peripheral neuropathy is a common adverse effect of bortezomib-based chemotherapy. In this study we have investigated the role played by subtype 5 of metabotropic receptors in bortezomib induced peripheral neuropathy. Rats were administered with bortezomib three times weekly at 0.

Prophylactic role of acetyl-l-carnitine on knee lesions and associated pain in a rat model of osteoarthritis.

Aims: in the present study, our aim was to validate in vivo the prophylactic role of acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) using an established knee osteoarthritis (OA) animal model which mimics the pathological changes of OA in humans, targeting cartilage and causing chondrocyte death.

Main Methods: animal model was obtained by an intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) into rat femorotibial joint space. Pain was measured in animals submitted to MIA model by paw pressure and compression behavioral tests in the presence or absence of ALC.

In vivo confocal microscopy of conjunctiva in preservative-free timolol 0.1% gel formulation therapy for glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects at 1 year of preservative-free timolol gel and preserved timolol eye drops on conjunctiva and tear parameters.

Methods: Forty patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were randomized to the two treatment groups and compared with 20 healthy age-matched controls. Clinical tests (IOP, Schirmer I test, and lacrimal film break-up time BUT) and in vivo conjunctival confocal microscopy (IVCM) were performed in all patients at baseline and after 12 months.

Dual effect of morphine in long-term social memory in rat.

Background And Purpose: Bimodal dose-response relationships have been demonstrated in animals and humans following morphine administration. We examined if systemic administration of morphine, in extremely low (μg) and high (mg, analgesic) doses, changed the learning process.

Experimental Approach: In the social learning test, an adult rat investigates a juvenile.

13q deletion syndrome and retinoblastoma in identical dichorionic diamniotic monozygotic twins.

Purpose: To report the case of identical dichorionic diamniotic female twins with unilateral retinoblastoma in 13q deletion syndrome.

Methods: Clinical and ophthalmoscopic evaluation, combination of multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification, array-comparative genomic hybridization analyses, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed.

Results: Peculiar facial features, marked hypotonia, gastroesophageal reflux, interatrial septal defect with left to right shunt and light dilatation of right chambers, 5th finger hypoplasia, 3rd-5th toes clinodactyly, 2nd toe overlapped to 3rd toe, and cutis marmorata were found.

Contribution of G inhibitory protein alpha subunits in paradoxical hyperalgesia elicited by exceedingly low doses of morphine in mice.

Aims: Although morphine, at higher doses, induces analgesia, it may also enhance sensitivity to pain at extremely low doses as shown in studies for testing an animal's sensitivity to pain. We used an antisense approach capable of selectively down-regulating in vivo G(i)(G inhibitory protein),G(o) and G(s) members of the G(α) sub-family protein subunits in order to establish if these proteins might be implicated in the effects induced by extremely low morphine doses on acute thermonociception.

Main Methods: Mice pretreated with a morphine hyperalgesic dose (1μg/kg) were submitted to hot plate test after pre-treatment with antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (aODNs) targeting G(iα), G(oα) and G(sα) regulatory proteins.