Physiological accumulation of lipid droplets in newborn liver during breastfeeding is driven by TLR4 ligands.

Background: The liver plays a central role in fat storage, but little is known about physiological fat accumulation during early development. Here we investigated a transient surge in hepatic lipid droplets observed in newborn mice immediately after birth.

Methods: We developed a novel model to quantify liver fat content without tissue processing.

The neonatal liver hosts a spontaneously occurring neutrophil population, exhibiting distinct spatial and functional characteristics from adults.

The elusive nature of the liver immune system in newborns remains an important challenge, casting a shadow over our understanding of how to effectively treat and prevent diseases in children. Therefore, deeper exploration into the intricacies of neonatal immunology might be crucial for improved pediatric healthcare. Using liver intravital microscopy, we unveiled a significant population of granulocytes in the hepatic parenchyma of fetuses and newborns.

High-dimensional intravital microscopy reveals major changes in splenic immune system during postnatal development.

Spleen is a key organ for immunologic surveillance, acting as a firewall for antigens and parasites that spread through the blood. However, how spleen leukocytes evolve across the developmental phase, and how they spatially organize and interact is still poorly understood. Using a novel combination of selected antibodies and fluorophores to image in vivo the spleen immune environment, we described for the first time the dynamics of immune development across postnatal period.

Chromosomal distribution of H3K4me2, H3K9me2 and 5-methylcytosine: variations associated with polyploidy and hybridization in Brachiaria (Poaceae).

Assessment of chromosomal distribution of modified histones and 5-methylcytosine shown that there are diversification of chromosomal types among species of Brachiaria and its interspecific hybrids. Histone post-translational modifications and DNA methylation are epigenetic processes that are involved in structural and functional organization of the genome. This study compared the chromosomal distribution of modified histones and 5-methylcytosine (5-mCyt) in species and interspecific hybrids of Brachiaria with different ploidy levels and reproduction modes.

Immunolocalization of chromosome-associated proteins in plants - principles and applications.

The use of the immunolocalization technique combined with cytogenetic and epigenetic studies is an indispensable tool and has contributed significantly to the analysis of the structure and function of chromosomes, since it can provide information about the spatial or temporal distribution of a given protein in the nucleus and chromosomes. Several chromosome-associated proteins in plant cells have already been identified by immunolocalization, such as histone and non-histone proteins and cell division-related protein (mitosis and meiosis). The principle of the immunolocalization technique in plants basically involves fixation and permeabilization of cells, the use of monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies attached to a signaling molecule, usually a fluorochrome and detection of the target molecule by using an epifluorescence microscope.