Caloric restriction mimetics: Pinostilbene versus resveratrol regarding SIRT1 and SIRT6 interaction.

Purpose: Caloric restriction (CR), the permanent or periodic reduction of caloric intake, is a dietary strategy that promotes longevity and healthspan, yielding multiple beneficial effects, such as improved insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function, decreased body weight, and mitigation of cardiometabolic risk factors. The purpose of our study was the in silico and in vitro assessment of the effects exerted by pinostilbene on SIRT1 and SIRT6 compared to those of resveratrol, a known activator of these enzymes.

Materials And Methods: Molecular docking was carried out to determine the interactions with SIRT1 and SIRT6 and, further, the effect of pinostilbene on their activity was tested in vitro to evaluate if it parallels resveratrol's effects regarding SIRT activation.

Redox Homeostasis and Molecular Biomarkers in Precision Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases.

Precision medicine is envisioned as the future of cardiovascular healthcare, offering a more tailored and effective method for managing cardiovascular diseases compared to the traditional one-size-fits-all approaches. The complex role of oxidative stress in chronic diseases within the framework of precision medicine was carefully explored, delving into the cellular redox status and its critical involvement in the pathophysiological complexity of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The review outlines the mechanisms of reactive oxygen species generation and the function of antioxidants in maintaining redox balance.

Emerging Strategies in Drug Development and Clinical Care in the Era of Personalized and Precision Medicine.

In the ever-changing landscape of modern medicine, we face an important moment where the interplay of disease, drugs, and patients defines a new paradigm [...

Circadian Rhythms, Chrononutrition, Physical Training, and Redox Homeostasis-Molecular Mechanisms in Human Health.

A multitude of physiological processes, human behavioral patterns, and social interactions are intricately governed by the complex interplay between external circumstances and endogenous circadian rhythms. This multidimensional regulatory framework is susceptible to disruptions, and in contemporary society, there is a prevalent occurrence of misalignments between the circadian system and environmental cues, a phenomenon frequently associated with adverse health consequences. The onset of most prevalent current chronic diseases is intimately connected with alterations in human lifestyle practices under various facets, including the following: reduced physical activity, the exposure to artificial light, also acknowledged as light pollution, sedentary behavior coupled with consuming energy-dense nutriments, irregular eating frameworks, disruptions in sleep patterns (inadequate quality and duration), engagement in shift work, and the phenomenon known as social jetlag.

Intermittent Fasting on Human Health and Disease.

Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, but most of all in industrialized countries, and are fundamentally correlated to improper nutrition and impaired lifestyle behaviours [...

Current and Future Therapeutic Approaches of Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency in Children with Cystic Fibrosis in the Era of Personalized Medicine.

This review presents current updates of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy in children with cystic fibrosis based on literature published in the last decade and some special considerations regarding pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy in the era of new therapies, such as cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulator therapies. Few articles evaluate the efficacy of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy in the pediatric population, and most studies also included children and adults with cystic fibrosis. Approximately 85% of cystic fibrosis patients have exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and need pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy.

Clinical and Electrophysiological Changes in Pediatric Spinal Muscular Atrophy after 2 Years of Nusinersen Treatment.

In the new therapeutic era, disease-modifying treatment (nusinersen) has changed the natural evolution of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), creating new phenotypes. The main purpose of the retrospective observational study was to explore changes in clinical evolution and electrophysiological data after 2 years of nusinersen treatment. We assessed distal compound motor action potential (CMAP) on the ulnar nerve and motor abilities in 34 SMA patients, aged between 1 and 16 years old, under nusinersen treatment, using specific motor scales for types 1, 2 and 3.

Polypharmacy in the Management of Arterial Hypertension-Friend or Foe?

Polypharmacy is associated with drug-drug or food-drug interactions that may pose treatment difficulties. The objective of the study was to investigate the use of polypharmacy in hypertensive patients hospitalized in the Internal Medicine Clinic of a European referral hospital. We conducted a retrospective chart review study on patients identified by a database search of discharge diagnoses to assess the use of polypharmacy and identify potential drug-drug and food-drug interactions.

Clinical significance of serum melatonin in predicting the severity of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Melatonin, the primary hormone produced by the pineal gland, is intensely assessed for its anticancer properties. This study aimed to reveal the clinical significance of serum melatonin levels in predicting the severity of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). For this purpose, 40 male patients with OSCC and 30 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study.

Adverse and hormetic effects in rats exposed for 12 months to low dose mixture of 13 chemicals: RLRS part III.

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of a mixture of thirteen common chemicals on rats, after a one-year exposure to doses around the acceptable daily intake (ADIs), using blood and urinary tests. The influence of low doses of the mixture on weight gain, water consumption, feed consumption and feed efficiency, biochemistry parameters, haematological parameters, blood lymphocytes subsets, serum inflammation profile and urine parameters was evaluated. Our mixture caused a moderate monotonic increase of the males' appetite and a non-monotonic increase of anabolism and a monotonic increase of appetite for the females.

Cardiovascular risk assessment in osteoporotic patients using osteoprotegerin as a reliable predictive biochemical marker.

Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a member of the tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily of proteins known to be involved in a large number of biological systems, plays a pivotal role in bone remodelling. In addition to the roles of OPG in bone metabolism, it has been reported to be associated with a high cardiovascular risk in patients with metabolic syndrome. In most cases, the exact functions of OPG remain to be established; however, the widespread expression of OPG suggests that this molecule may have multiple biological activities, mainly in the cardiometabolic environment.

Antimicrobial resistance development following surgical site infections.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) determine an increase in hospitalization time and antibiotic therapy costs. The aim of this study was to identify the germs involved in SSIs in patients from the Clinical Emergency County Hospital of Craiova (SCJUC) and to assess their resistance to antimicrobials, with comparisons between surgical wards and the intensive care unit (ICU). The biological samples were subjected to classical bacteriological diagnostics.

Behavioral and molecular effects of prenatal continuous light exposure in the adult rat.

Disruption of the maternal environment during pregnancy leads to behavioral changes and diseases in the adult offspring. To explore the influence of prenatal continuous light exposure (PCLE) on the adult offspring, we exposed pregnant Wistar rats to constant light during late gestation. Adult PCLE offspring showed an anxiety-like behavior and impairment of short-term memory in different tests.