Mechanistic Investigation of the Pseudo-Halogen Effect in Enantioselective Aminocatalyzed [6 + 4] and [10 + 6] Cycloadditions: Enabling Unique Favorskii-Like Rearrangements.

A mechanistic investigation into the novel combination of the -halogen effect with enantioselective aminocatalysis unravels the mechanistic intricacies of [6 + 4] and [10 + 6] higher-order cycloadditions and the succeeding new Favorskii-like rearrangements. By introducing the OTf-group into the tropone framework, it can serve both as an activator for the cycloaddition and as a proficient leaving group within the corresponding cycloadduct, thus enabling unprecedented ring-contracting Favorskii-like rearrangements. Integrating the -OTf group creates an electron-deficient 6π-component leveraging the -halogen effect by enhancing the polarization and introducing new strategic interaction points.

Getting Ahead: A Resident Led Quality Improvement Project to Increase Diabetic Nephropathy Screening in an Underserved Hispanic-Predominant Population.

Introduction: Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States (US), with 37 million having chronic kidney disease. Despite national guidelines recommendations for diabetic nephropathy screening with urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), less than 50% receive full screening.Our Internal Medicine residents led a quality improvement project to increase diabetic nephropathy screening rate with UACR in our resident clinic by 50% in one academic year.

[Characteristics and evolution of patients admitted to a public hospital intensive care unit].

Background: The epidemiology of critical patients in Chile could differ from that reported in international studies.

Aim: To describe the causes of admission and evolution of patients who were admitted to the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) of a general hospital in Chile in a two-year period (2012-2013).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study was carried out using the ICU database.

Assessing the impact of a Christmas advertisement campaign on Catalan wine preference using Choice Experiments.

Our paper seeks to assess the impact of information and advertisement on consumers' preference for wines in special occasions (Christmas) in Catalonia (Spain). We apply the Choice Experiments method to study the relative importance of attributes that describe consumers' decision to purchase wine by using the Heteroskedastic Extreme Value (HEV) model. Data were obtained from two questionnaires applied to a pre and post spot samples formed by 299 and 400 individuals, respectively.

Short N-terminal sequences package proteins into bacterial microcompartments.

Hundreds of bacterial species produce proteinaceous microcompartments (MCPs) that act as simple organelles by confining the enzymes of metabolic pathways that have toxic or volatile intermediates. A fundamental unanswered question about bacterial MCPs is how enzymes are packaged within the protein shell that forms their outer surface. Here, we report that a short N-terminal peptide is necessary and sufficient for packaging enzymes into the lumen of an MCP involved in B(12)-dependent 1,2-propanediol utilization (Pdu MCP).

[Estimation of coronary heart disease risk in Chilean subjects based on adapted Framingham equations].

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Chile and worldwide. Framingham functions were developed to calculate overall coronary heart disease risk. However these functions overestimate the risk in some countries like Chile.

Renal health in Chile.

The prevalence of 20 diseases was studied in a representative sample of 3619 individuals in Chile. Twelve percent of the participants were younger than 25, 63% were 25-64 years old, and 25% were at least 65 years old. Thirty-four percent had high blood pressure, 60% were aware of their condition, 36% received treatment, and 12% reached their goal blood pressure.