Assessing the Prevalence of Male Obesity-Associated Gonadal Dysfunction in Severe Obesity: A Focus on the Impact of Bariatric Surgery and Surgical Approaches.

Purpose: Obesity is an important risk factor for secondary hypogonadism in men. Several studies evaluated the impact of bariatric surgery on gonadal function in men, proving an improvement in testosterone levels, without yet a global consensus on the impact of different surgical approaches. Objectives of the study are: to estimate the prevalence of obesity-associated gonadal dysfunction among men with severe obesity; to evaluate the response to bariatric surgery in terms of resolution of this condition, distinguishing between restrictive and restrictive-malabsorptive surgery.

New specific skeletal muscle mass index cut-offs for the assessment of sarcopenia in patients with severe obesity.

Introduction: Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is the most used tool in clinical practice to evaluate body composition in patients with obesity. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) defined by BIA has been proposed for the identification of sarcopenia, but there are currently no univocal cutoffs for this condition. In this study, we aimed: 1) to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with severe obesity using the current cutoffs of SMI; 2) to define new specific cutoffs; 3) to validate the new cutoffs; and 4) to re-determine the prevalence of sarcopenia.

Normalization of Spexin Levels in Patients with Obesity Submitted to Bariatric Surgery.

Purpose: Spexin is expressed by white fat tissue and other endocrine organs. A negative correlation between spexin and gluco-lipidic metabolism, energy homeostasis, and food intake has been reported. The objectives of this study are (1) to compare spexin levels between patients with obesity (study group) and normal-weight subjects (control group); (2) to evaluate spexin levels after bariatric surgery; and (3) to identify a correlation between spexin and weight loss/metabolic profile of patients with obesity.

Effect of Pre-Existent Sarcopenia on Oncological Outcome of Advanced Thyroid Cancer Patients Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.

(1) Background: Sarcopenia is associated with poor survival and treatment outcomes in several human cancers. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia in a cohort of 58 Caucasian patients with advanced thyroid cancer before and during TKI treatment. The impact of this condition on the outcome of patients was also evaluated.

No need of glucocorticoid dose adjustment in patients with adrenal insufficiency before COVID-19 vaccine.

Objective: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) causes acute respiratory distress syndrome. Patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) may develop severe complications due to this infection and should undergo COVID-19 vaccination; however, there is no consensus about the management of their replacement therapy. The aim of our study was to evaluate the tolerability and need for glucocorticoid dose adjustment related to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in a cohort of patients with AI.

Follow-up after bariatric surgery: is it time to tailor it? Analysis of early predictive factors of 3-year weight loss predictors of unsuccess in bariatric patients.

Bariatric surgery (BS) is the most effective treatment strategy for obesity. Nevertheless, a subset of patients does not reach a successful weight loss or experience long-term weight regain. Conflicting evidence exists regarding predictors of BS outcomes.

Type 2 deiodinase p.Thr92Ala polymorphism does not affect the severity of obesity and weight loss after bariatric surgery.

A single nucleotide polymorphism in the Type 2 deiodinase (DIO2) gene (p.Thr92Ala) was found to be associated with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), insulin resistance, and body mass index (BMI). We retrospectively evaluated 182 patients to assess whether the DIO2 p.

CONUT Score: A New Tool for Predicting Prognosis in Patients with Advanced Thyroid Cancer Treated with TKI.

(1) Background: The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is an immuno-nutritional screening tool based on serum albumin, total cholesterol, and lymphocyte count. The aim of the study was to assess the CONUT score as a potential prognostic factor of response to therapy in patients with advanced thyroid cancer treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). (2) Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 42 metastatic thyroid cancer patients (54.

Calcitonin Levels in Thyroid Disease Are Not Affected by Autoimmune Thyroiditis or Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma.

Introduction: Association between hypercalcitoninemia and pathological conditions such as autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) or differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) has been addressed, with conflicting results. We evaluated the prevalence and the clinical relevance of elevated basal serum calcitonin (CT) levels in non-neoplastic (nodular goiter [NG] and AIT) and neoplastic thyroid diseases (DTC).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 3,250 consecutive patients with thyroid nodular disease who underwent fine-needle aspiration cytology with adequate sample.

The impact of CPT1B rs470117, LEPR rs1137101 and BDNF rs6265 polymorphisms on the risk of developing obesity in an Italian population.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) belonging to 9 genes involved in metabolic pathways (BDNF rs6265; PNPLA3 rs2294918 and rs2076212; CIDEA rs11545881; NTRK2 rs2289658; ALOX12 rs1126667; ALOX12B rs2304908; LEPR rs1137101; CPT1B rs470117 and rs8142477; rs2305507 CPT1A) in obese patients and controls.

Methods: Polymorphisms were analyzed in 300 severe obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery (body mass index >30 kg/m) and 404 control subjects in order to evaluate their association with obesity and clinical variables.

Results: Our findings showed significant differences for the allelic distributions of CPT1B rs470117 and LEPR rs11371010 in obese subjects compared to controls.

Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score and Micronutrient Deficiency in Bariatric Patients: Midterm Outcomes of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Versus One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass/Mini Gastric Bypass.

Background: Two of the most common bariatric procedures performed worldwide are Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). Comparative data regarding nutritional status are lacking and no previous study focus on malnutrition according to a validated score.

Methods: Retrospective data from a single institution were reviewed.

The Combination of Sonographic Features and the Seven-Gene Panel May be Useful in the Management of Thyroid Nodules With Indeterminate Cytology.

Introduction: The management of patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules, which account for 10-25% of thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs), is still very challenging.

Aim: To verify the utility of the seven-gene panel in combination with ultrasound features in the clinical management of indeterminate thyroid nodules.

Results: The study group included 188 indeterminate thyroid nodules, divided into TIR3A (56.

Novel Pathogenic Variants of the AIRE Gene in Two Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type I Cases with Atypical Presentation: Role of the NGS in Diagnostic Pathway and Review of the Literature.

. Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (APS-1) with or without reversible metaphyseal dysplasia is a rare genetic disorder due to inactivating variants of the autoimmune regulator, gene. Clinical variability of APS-1 relates to pleiotropy, and the general dysfunction of self-tolerance to organ-specific antigens and autoimmune reactions towards peripheral tissues caused by the underlying molecular defect.

Validation of American Thyroid Association Ultrasound Risk-Adapted Approach for Repeating Cytology in Benign Thyroid Nodules.

The 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) ultrasound (US) risk stratification system is used to identify thyroid nodules in which fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) should be performed. In addition, this system is used to plan the long-term follow-up of patients with cytological benign thyroid nodules. The aim of our study was to evaluate the ATA US risk-adapted approach for repeating cytology in a large retrospective cohort of consecutive benign nodules with a second FNAC repeated after a median follow-up of 3.

Cardiovascular Benefits and Lipid Profile Changes 5 Years After Bariatric Surgery: A Comparative Study Between Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass.

Introduction: Visceral adipose tissue has been linked with cardiovascular events. Visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a routinely applicable tool for evaluation of visceral adipose dysfunction and linked to 10 year-cardiovascular risk. No previous studies have evaluated the changes over time of the VAI in patients who underwent different types of bariatric surgery.

ONE MONTH WEIGHT LOSS PREDICTS THE EFFICACY OF LIRAGLUTIDE IN OBESE PATIENTS: DATA FROM A SINGLE CENTER.

Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist which acts through peripheral and central receptor pathways affecting food intake. Preliminary identification of responder patients represents a crucial point to reduce an inappropriate exposure to the drug and the health expenditure. The primary endpoint of our study was to identify predictors of liraglutide efficacy in the short term follow-up.

Feasibility, Adherence and Efficacy of Liraglutide Treatment in a Sample of Individuals With Mood Disorders and Obesity.

Liraglutide is a once-daily injectable medication approved for the treatment of obesity. Hereby we report the feasibility, adherence and efficacy of liraglutide treatment in a sample of individuals with mood disorders and obesity. Twenty-nine patients with Bipolar or Major Depressive Disorder received liraglutide once daily subcutaneously at a dose gradually titrated from 0.

RARE MUTATION IN A PATIENT WITH MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY TYPE 1 AND ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN HYPERRESPONSE TO CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE.

Objective: Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a monogenic disorder. It is caused by expansion of a cytosine-thymineguanine triplet in the gene which encodes for myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK).

Methods: A 24-year-old man with DM and the mutation presented with elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels twice (152 and 185 pg/mL; normal value is 10 to 52 pg/mL) with normal cortisol levels (134.

Prospective Validation of ATA and ETA Sonographic Pattern Risk of Thyroid Nodules Selected for FNAC.

Context: Recently, the American Thyroid Association (ATA) and the European Thyroid Association (ETA) have proposed that thyroid ultrasound (US) should be used to stratify the risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules and to aid decision-making about whether fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is indicated.

Objective: To validate and to compare the ATA and ETA US risk stratification systems of thyroid nodules in a prospective series of thyroid nodules submitted to FNAC.

Setting: We prospectively evaluated 432 thyroid nodules selected for FNAC from 340 patients.

Prevalence of hypophysitis in a cohort of patients with metastatic melanoma and prostate cancer treated with ipilimumab.

Objective: Ipilimumab is a human monoclonal antibody directed against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4, that has been shown to significantly improve survival in patients with metastatic melanoma. Blocking cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 elicits T cell activation, proliferation and anti-tumor response, but can also trigger immune-related adverse events. Among immune-related endocrinopathies, hypophysitis represents the most frequent, with an incidence up to 17% in patients treated with ipilimumab.

Bariatric Surgery Reduces Serum Anti-mullerian Hormone Levels in Obese Women With and Without Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

Purpose: Obesity in fertile women has negative effect on fertility. Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) represents a good index of fertility, and it is considered a marker of ovarian reserve and of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) gravity. Previous studies evaluated the relationship between obesity and AMH with contradictory results.

Obesity Does Not Modify the Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in a Cytological Series of Thyroid Nodules.

Background: A possible impact of obesity on the risk of thyroid cancer has been postulated in some studies, but it remains controversial.

Objective: To investigate the association between obesity and differentiated thyroid carcinoma in a population of unselected patients subjected to fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for thyroid nodules.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the results of FNAC of thyroid nodules in 4,849 patients (3,809 females and 1,040 males; mean age 55.

Is sleeve gastrectomy a therapeutic procedure for all obese patients?

Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a worldwide surgical procedure for morbid obesity. However patients selection is still anecdotal. The aim of this study is to analyse clinical and anthropometric parameters correlated with LSG and to check the validity of this procedure for different categories of obese patients.

Weight loss associated with bariatric surgery does not restore short telomere length of severe obese patients after 1 year.

Background: Telomere shortening is physiologically associated with ageing but it may be influenced by oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, linked to obesity. Thus, obesity might represent an additional cause of telomere attrition. We aim to study relative telomere length (RTL) in obese subjects with and without metabolic syndrome and to assess the effect of weight loss induced by bariatric surgery.

Effects of Acute Recombinant Human TSH on Serum Ghrelin Levels.

Unlabelled: Recent findings showed the presence of a reciprocal relationship between thyroid hormones and ghrelin, although the exact mechanism is not known.

Design: Our study is addressed to evaluate the effect of acute exogenous rhTSH administration on serum ghrelin levels in athyreotic patients on replacement l-thyroxine therapy. The study group included 50 patients (16 males and 34 females) submitted to total thyroidectomy and 131-iodine remnant ablation for differentiated thyroid cancer on l-thyroxine therapy.