Biopharmaceutical profile of a clotrimazole nanoemulsion: Evaluation on skin and mucosae as anticandidal agent.

Clotrimazole (CLT) was formulated in a nanoemulsion (NE) for the topical treatment of candidiasis consisting of 10% labrafac lipophile, 60% labrasol:capryol 90 mixture (ratio 4:1) and 30% propylene glycol. Physicochemical properties, stability, rheology, in vitro drug release, ex vivo drug permeation through human skin and porcine buccal, sublingual and vaginal mucosae, antifungal efficacy, as well as in vivo skin tolerance were evaluated. 1% CLT-NE (CLT-NE1) and 2% CLT-NE (CLT-NE2) exhibited 153 ± 17.