A tool to measure maize root system stiffness that enables a comprehensive understanding of plant mechanics and lodging.

Plant mechanical failure, known as lodging, has detrimental impacts on the quality and quantity of maize yields. Failure can occur at stalks (stalk lodging) or at roots (root lodging). While previous research has focused on proxy measures for stalk stiffness, stalk strength, and root strength, there is a need to quantify the root system stiffness, which quantifies the force-displacement relationship.

Effects of Aligning Residency Note Templates with CMS Evaluation and Management Documentation Requirements.

Background The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) introduced changes in outpatient and inpatient evaluation and management (E/M) current procedural terminology (CPT) codes in 2021 and 2023, which were intended to streamline providers' clinical documentation. Objectives To study the effects of aligning inpatient and outpatient note templates with updated CMS guidelines on character length and documentation time per note at an internal medicine residency program in the southeastern United States. Methods In April 2023, the Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Internal Medicine Residency Program's inpatient and outpatient note templates were updated according to the most recent CMS guidelines.

How to Assess the Glomerular Filtration Rate, and Which Method is Deemed Most Reliable?

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) continues to rise globally, paralleled by an increase in associated morbidity and mortality, as well as significant implications for patient quality of life and national economies. Chronic kidney disease often progresses unrecognized by patients and physicians, despite diagnosis relying on two simple laboratory measures: estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine analysis. GFR measurement has been grounded in renal physiology, specifically the concept of clearance, with creatinine identified as a suitable endogenous marker for estimating creatinine clearance (CrCl).

[Steroid-Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome Due to Minimal Change Glomerulonephritis Treated with Rituximab].

47-year-old woman suffering from minimal lesion glomerulonephritis previously undergone high-dose steroid therapy and subjected to exacerbations of nephrotic syndrome after therapy discontinuation. It was decided to initiate off-label treatment with Rituximab at a dosage of 375 mg/m2 administred at zero-time, one-month and three months with good therapeutic response and resolution of the clinical laboratory picture. The therapy was well tolerated and had no side effects.

Writing Is Thinking: Implementation and Evaluation of an Internal Medicine Residency Clinical Reasoning and Documentation Curriculum.

Unlabelled: With increasingly complicated patients and faster throughput, time for thorough critical thinking and thoughtful clinical documentation is limited, especially in the training environment. Advocating for the value of clinical documentation as a robust opportunity for critical thinking, we describe the implementation and evaluation of a clinical reasoning and documentation curriculum for internal medicine residents. Our curriculum employed facilitated discussion, practical application, and a resident-as-teacher model.

Monocular Depth Estimation Using Deep Learning: A Review.

In current decades, significant advancements in robotics engineering and autonomous vehicles have improved the requirement for precise depth measurements. Depth estimation (DE) is a traditional task in computer vision that can be appropriately predicted by applying numerous procedures. This task is vital in disparate applications such as augmented reality and target tracking.

Real-world outcomes of a clinical decision support system for diabetic retinopathy in Spain.

Objective: The aim of present study was to evaluate our clinical decision support system (CDSS) for predicting risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR). We selected randomly a real population of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who were attending our screening programme.

Methods And Analysis: The sample size was 602 patients with T2DM randomly selected from those who attended the DR screening programme.

Validation of an Algorithm for the Prediction of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetic Patients in a Spanish Population.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to build a clinical decision support system (CDSS) that can predict the presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) patients.

Material And Method: We built two versions of our CDSS to predict the presence of any-type DR and sight-threatening DR (STDR) in T1DM patients. The first version was trained using 324 T1DM and 826 T2DM patients.

Integrating the Electronic Health Record Into Patient Encounters: An Introductory Standardized Patient Exercise for Preclinical Medical Students.

Introduction: Increasingly, use of the electronic health record (EHR) is interwoven into even the most basic patient care tasks. Accordingly, learning how to utilize the EHR during patient encounters is important for medical students as they develop their clinical skills. Existing EHR curricula have focused primarily on doctor-patient relationship skills.

Personalized balance games for children with cerebral palsy: A pilot study.

Purpose: To assess the changes in balance function in children with cerebral palsy (CP) after two weeks of daily training with personalized balance games.

Methods: Twenty-five children with CP, aged 5 to 18 years were randomly selected for experimental or control groups. Over a period of two weeks, all participants received 8-9 game sessions for 15-20 minutes, totaling 150-160 minutes.

Automated Frailty Screening At-Scale for Pre-Operative Risk Stratification Using the Electronic Frailty Index.

Background: Frailty is associated with numerous post-operative adverse outcomes in older adults. Current pre-operative frailty screening tools require additional data collection or objective assessments, adding expense and limiting large-scale implementation.

Objective: To evaluate the association of an automated measure of frailty integrated within the Electronic Health Record (EHR) with post-operative outcomes for nonemergency surgeries.

The Electronic Health Record Objective Structured Clinical Examination Station: Assessing Student Competency in Patient Notes and Patient Interaction.

Introduction: The ability to utilize the electronic health record (EHR) without compromising the doctor-patient relationship (DPR) is an essential skill of all physicians and trainees, yet little time is spent on educating or assessing learners on needed techniques. To address this gap, we developed a conventional OSCE station coupled with a simulated patient chart within the Epic program in order to assess our students' skills utilizing the EHR during a patient encounter.

Methods: Of third-year medical students, 119 were given full access to the patient's simulated chart 24 hours in advance of their OSCE to review clinical data.

Individual- and Community-Level Factors in the STD Status of Justice-Involved Youth: Multi-Group, Exploratory Two-Level Analysis.

Justice-involved youth display higher prevalence rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), in comparison with youth in the general population, highlighting a critical public health concern. Individual factors are important predictors of STDs, but only provide a partial understanding of this public health issue. Communities experiencing higher levels of disorder and lower levels of cohesion tend to have fewer institutional resources available, which may impact sexual risk behavior and STDs.

Educational priorities of students in the entrustable professional activity era.

Background: The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) guidelines on the entrustable professional activities (EPAs) expected of graduating medical students were recently published. Although perceptions of educators, residents and programme directors have been described, the voice of senior medical students is lacking.

Methods: A single-institution cross-sectional study of senior medical students was performed.

Health Risk Behavior Among Justice Involved Male and Female Youth: Exploratory, Multi-Group Latent Class Analysis.

Background: Youth involved in the juvenile justice system experience a disproportionate prevalence of serious mental health issues, substance abuse, and are at an increased risk of engaging in risky sexual practices. Gender differences exist, with girls at a markedly greater risk of acquiring a sexually transmitted disease.

Objectives: The present study seeks to determine if there are subgroups of male and female youth who differ in their health risk behavior.

Immunohistochemical analysis of host reaction to heavyweight-, reduced-weight-, and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE)-based meshes after short- and long-term intraabdominal implantations.

Background: Prosthetic meshes induce a variety of inflammatory changes in the host, which may lead to excessive scarring with detrimental clinical consequences, especially in the long term. This study aimed to characterize the degree of short- and long-term inflammatory changes induced by common prosthetic meshes.

Methods: Twenty 4 x 4-cm samples each of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), heavyweight polypropylene (hPP), ePTFE/heavyweight polypropylene (ePTFE/hPP), and reduced-weight polypropylene/regenerated cellulose (rPP) were implanted intraperitoneally in 40 rabbits for 4 or 12 months.

Comparative evaluation of adhesion formation, strength of ingrowth, and textile properties of prosthetic meshes after long-term intra-abdominal implantation in a rabbit.

Background: Effective laparoscopic ventral herniorrhaphy usually mandates the use of an intraperitoneal prosthetic. Visceral adhesions and changes in textile characteristics of prosthetics may complicate repairs, especially long-term. The aim of this study was to compare the adhesion formation, tissue ingrowth, and textile characteristics one year after intra-abdominal placement of the commonly used prosthetic meshes.

Prospective histologic evaluation of intra-abdominal prosthetics four months after implantation in a rabbit model.

Background: Placement of an intraperitoneal prosthetic is required for laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. The biocompatibility of these prosthetics determines the host's inflammatory response, scar plate formation, tissue ingrowth, and subsequent mesh performance, including prosthetic compliance and prevention of hernia recurrence. We evaluated the host response to intraperitoneal placement of several prosthetics currently used in clinical practice.

Retained foreign bodies after surgery.

Background: Medical errors during surgery are not well studied. To define risk factors associated with this type of error, we performed a case control analysis.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records involving the ICD-9 code (998.

Prospective evaluation of adhesion formation and shrinkage of intra-abdominal prosthetics in a rabbit model.

Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair requires an intraperitoneal prosthetic; however, these materials are not without consequences. We evaluated host reaction to intraperitoneal placement of various prosthetics and the functional outcomes in an animal model. Mesh (n = 15 per mesh type) was implanted on intact peritoneum in New Zealand white rabbits.

Enhanced susceptibility of staggerer (RORalphasg/sg) mice to lipopolysaccharide-induced lung inflammation.

The retinoid-related orphan receptor alpha (RORalpha), a member of the ROR subfamily of nuclear receptors, has been implicated in the control of a number of physiological processes, including the regulation of several immune functions. To study the potential role of RORalpha in the regulation of innate immune responses in vivo, we analyzed the induction of airway inflammation in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in wild-type and staggerer (RORalpha(sg/sg)) mice, a natural mutant strain lacking RORalpha expression. Examination of hematoxylin and eosin-stained lung sections showed that RORalpha(sg/sg) mice displayed a higher degree of LPS-induced inflammation than wild-type mice.

[Identification of Helicobacter pylori and associated gastric lesions].

In this study is presented a silver stain technique for Helicobacter pylori with ammoniacal silver carbonato of Del Río Hortega, in biopsies and surgical specimens embebbed in paraffine. This study was performed between 1999 to 2001, and 717 gastroscopics biopsies were observed, that included: 705 chronic gastritis (98.32%), 11 gastric carcinomas (1.