Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the pediatric cerebral performance category (PCPC) and pediatric overall performance category (POPC) to Brazilian Portuguese.

Objective: To translate and culturally adapt the scales Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) and Pediatric Overall Performance Category (POPC) to the Brazilian population.

Methods: Two English language proficient professionals independently translated the original version of the scales into Brazilian Portuguese. After consensus, it was generated a translated version of each scale.

Effects of sigh during pressure control and pressure support ventilation in pulmonary and extrapulmonary mild acute lung injury.

Introduction: Sigh improves oxygenation and lung mechanics during pressure control ventilation (PCV) and pressure support ventilation (PSV) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, so far, no study has evaluated the biological impact of sigh during PCV or PSV on the lung and distal organs in experimental pulmonary (p) and extrapulmonary (exp) mild acute lung injury (ALI).

Methods: In 48 Wistar rats, ALI was induced by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide either intratracheally (ALIp) or intraperitoneally (ALIexp).

The biological effects of higher and lower positive end-expiratory pressure in pulmonary and extrapulmonary acute lung injury with intra-abdominal hypertension.

Introduction: Mechanical ventilation with high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) has been used in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), but the role of PEEP in minimizing lung injury remains controversial. We hypothesized that in the presence of acute lung injury (ALI) with IAH: 1) higher PEEP levels improve pulmonary morphofunction and minimize lung injury; and 2) the biological effects of higher PEEP are more effective in extrapulmonary (exp) than pulmonary (p) ALI.

Methods: In 48 adult male Wistar rats, ALIp and ALIexp were induced by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide intratracheally and intraperitoneally, respectively.

Controversies involving hypercapnic acidosis in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by a diffuse inflammatory reaction of lung parenchyma induced by a direct insult to the alveolar epithelium (pulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome) or an indirect lesion through the vascular endothelium (extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome). The main therapeutic strategy for acute respiratory distress syndrome is the ventilatory support. However, mechanical ventilation can worsen lung injury.

Stem cell therapy in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by an acute pulmonary inflammatory process induced by the presence of a direct (pulmonary) insult that affects lung parenchyma, or an indirect (extrapulmonary) insult that results from an acute systemic inflammatory response. It is believed that an efficient therapy for the acute respiratory distress syndrome should attenuate inflammatory response and promote adequate repair of the lung injury. This article presents a brief review on the use of stem cells and their potential therapeutic effect on the acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Pulmonary morphofunctional effects of mechanical ventilation with high inspiratory air flow.

Objective: Uncertainties about the numerous degrees of freedom in ventilator settings leave many unanswered questions about the biophysical determinants of lung injury. We investigated whether mechanical ventilation with high air flow could yield lung mechanical stress even in normal animals.

Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled experimental study.