Comparative analysis of the leprosy detection rate regarding its clinical spectrum through PCR using the gene: a scientometrics and meta-analysis.

Background: Leprosy is a chronic and disabling infectious disease caused by . It has a wide clinical spectrum and is operationally classified into paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) cases. There is evidence that the gene can be used in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for complementary detection with high sensitivity and specificity.

The Relationship between rs3775291 Polymorphism and Infectious Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies.

As the host's first line of defense against pathogens, (), such as the , are genes encoding transmembrane receptors of the same name. Depending on their expression, TLRs cause a pro- or anti-inflammatory response. The purpose of the article was to determine whether there is an association between the () rs3775291 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-SNP and susceptibility to infections.

Positivity of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika infections in women in Northeast Brazil post-Zika epidemic.

The state of Ceará, in the Northeast Region of Brazil, presents the simultaneous circulation of Zika (ZIKV), dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses. In 2017 there were a high number of cases of these three arboviruses, especially CHIKV. Here, we detected the presence of arboviruses ZIKV, DENV and CHIKV and their coinfections in women in endemic regions of the city of Fortaleza, Ceará in a post-Zika epidemic year.

Spatial distribution pattern of new leprosy cases under 15 years of age and their contacts in Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.

This study's objective was to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of new leprosy cases under 15 years and their contacts. A cross-sectional descriptive study covering sociodemographic characteristics and spatial analysis was carried out. The participants were from the city of Sobral, Ceará and the study was conducted between August 2014 and September 2015.

Molecular detection of complex species in triatomines found in urban households and Peridomiciles in a city with high prevalence of tuberculosis in Northeastern Brazil.

Background: Triatomine insects, native to northeastern Brazil, have been found in the urban peridomicile. The city of Sobral has a high number of tuberculosis cases and several triatomine species. This study investigates the presence of mycobacteria, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) species, in triatomines captured in the urban perimeter of Sobral.

Corrigendum: Revisiting the methods for detecting : what has the new millennium brought thus far?

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Dried blood spot sampling for hepatitis B virus quantification, sequencing and mutation detection.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) diagnosis is performed on serum samples, but the access to this diagnosis is difficult in low-income regions. The use of dried blood spot (DBS) samples does not require special structure for collection, storage or transport. This study evaluates the use of DBS for detection, quantification and sequencing of HBV DNA using in-house techniques.

Revisiting the methods for detecting : what has the new millennium brought thus far?

Tuberculosis (TB) affects around 10 million people worldwide in 2019. Approximately 3.4 % of new TB cases are multidrug-resistant.

Cancerous and non-neoplastic stem cells in the stomach similarly express CD44 and CD133.

CD44 and CD133 have been considered as cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. Stem cell markers are rarely described in healthy stomach tissues. However, the clinicopathological and prognostic value of CD44 and CD133 in gastric cancer remains controversial.

A social network approach for the study of leprosy transmission beyond the household.

Background: Mycobacterium leprae was the first microorganism directly associated with a disease, however, there are still important gaps in our understanding of transmission. Although household contacts are prioritized, there is evidence of the importance of extrahousehold contacts. The goal of this article is to contribute to our understanding of the transmission of leprosy ex-household.

Comparison of four extraction methods for the detection of hepatitis B virus DNA in dried blood spot samples.

The dried blood spot (DBS) samples are a useful resource for viral DNA isolation and important in increasing access to HBV diagnosis. However, the choice of the DNA extraction method is crucial for reliable results. We compared the reliability of four DNA extraction methods using DBS samples for the qualitative and quantitative detection of HBV.

Factors associated with Chikungunya infection in a cohort of women aged 15-39 y in Fortaleza, Brazil.

Background: Outbreaks of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) occurred in Brazil during 2015-2017. Fortaleza was the city that reported the most cases.

Methods: The first round of a cohort study was conducted among women aged 15-39 y in Fortaleza, Brazil, in 2018 (Zika in Fortaleza).

Molecular characterization of pre-extensive drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Northeast Brazil.

In Fortaleza, the capital of Ceara State, Brazil, the detection rate of tuberculosis (TB) in 2018 was 65.5/100,000 inhabitants with a cure rate of 59.1%, which is higher than the country average.

Analysis of potential household transmission events of tuberculosis in the city of Belem, Brazil.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease with a higher risk for infection and disease among household contacts (HHC). Here, we report a molecular epidemiology-based approach to study disease transmission and the genetic characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains among HHC in the city of Belem, the capital of the state of Para in north Brazil. The study included 63 TB patients belonging to 26 HHC groups (HHC1 to HHC26).

Association of breast cancer with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Northeast Brazil: molecular evidence.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of human papillomavirus DNA and genotypes in breast cancer and normal breast tissue samples obtained from women from the northeast region of Brazil.

Method: One hundred three breast cancer samples and 95 normal breast samples, as the non-malignant controls, were studied. DNA extraction was verified by human beta-globin gene amplification, and polymerase chain reaction was conducted based on HPV L1-specific consensus primers MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+, followed by nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction with type-specific primers for the E6/E7 consensus region.

Genotyping comparison of Mycobacterium leprae isolates by VNTR analysis from nasal samples in a Brazilian endemic region.

This study analyzed the genetic diversity by MIRU-VNTR of Mycobacterium leprae isolates from nasal cavities and related to epidemiological and clinical data. The sample consisted of 48 newly diagnosed leprosy cases that tested positive for M. leprae PCR in nasal secretion (NS) attending to the National Reference Center of Dermatology Dona Libania (CDERM), Fortaleza, Brazil.

Evaluation of 16S rRNA qPCR for detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA in nasal secretion and skin biopsy samples from multibacillary and paucibacillary leprosy cases.

Mycobacterium leprae bacilli are mainly transmitted by the dissemination of nasal aerosols from multibacillary (MB) patients to susceptible individuals through inhalation. The upper respiratory tract represents the main entry and exit routes of M. leprae.

Genotyping of Mycobacterium leprae for better understanding of leprosy transmission in Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil.

Leprosy is endemic in large part of Brazil with 28,761 new patients in 2015, the second largest number worldwide and reaches 9/10.000 in highly endemic regions and 2.7/10.

Natural environmental water sources in endemic regions of northeastern Brazil are potential reservoirs of viable Mycobacterium leprae.

Background: The detection of live Mycobacterium leprae in soil and animals other than humans suggests that the environment plays a role in the transmission of leprosy.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of viable M. leprae in natural water sources used by the local population in five municipalities in the state of Ceará, northeastern Brazil.

Presence of Mycobacterium leprae genotype 4 in environmental waters in Northeast Brazil.

Introduction:: This study quantified Mycobacterium leprae bacilli in environmental water samples from five municipalities in the State of Ceará by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and compared the identified genotypes with those obtained from leprosy patient biopsies.

Methods:: We collected five replicas from each of the 30 selected reservoirs and skin lesion biopsies from 25 new leprosy cases treated at a reference center in Fortaleza, Ceará from 2010 to 2013. The 16S rRNA gene region of M.

Intrapatient comparison of Mycobacterium leprae by VNTR analysis in nasal secretions and skin biopsy in a Brazilian leprosy endemic region.

Background: This study compares the strains of genotypes of M. leprae from nasal secretions (NS) and skin biopsy (SB) in the same patient, supplementing conventional epidemiology to gain insight into the infection of leprosy in Fortaleza, Brazil.

Methods: The sample consisted of 38 newly diagnosed leprosy patients attending the National Reference Center of Dermatology Dona Libania (CDERM), in Fortaleza, who tested positive for M.