Interactive impact of residual pyrethroid compounds used in the Chilean salmon farming industry and coastal acidification conditions on the feeding performance of farmed mussels in northern Patagonia.

The use of pyrethroids in aquaculture has been an important component of achieving a thriving salmon farming industry in Chile. While the residual presence of such substances is known to depend on environmental conditions, most ecotoxicological studies to date have not considered environmental context. Here, we conducted oceanographic monitoring combined with experiments aiming to estimate the effects of two pyrethroids on the feeding rates of larvae of farmed mussels, Mytilus chilensis.

Principal component analysis as an efficient method for capturing multivariate brain signatures of complex disorders-ENIGMA study in people with bipolar disorders and obesity.

Multivariate techniques better fit the anatomy of complex neuropsychiatric disorders which are characterized not by alterations in a single region, but rather by variations across distributed brain networks. Here, we used principal component analysis (PCA) to identify patterns of covariance across brain regions and relate them to clinical and demographic variables in a large generalizable dataset of individuals with bipolar disorders and controls. We then compared performance of PCA and clustering on identical sample to identify which methodology was better in capturing links between brain and clinical measures.

Molecular evidence for a new endemic species of Acartia (Copepoda, Calanoida) from the Southeast Pacific coast.

The loss of biodiversity in marine populations is one of the consequences of the increased events of extreme environmental conditions in the oceans, which can condition the persistence of populations to future scenarios of climate change. Therefore, it is extremely necessary to explore and monitor the genetic diversity of natural populations. In the Southeast Pacific Ocean (SEPO), specifically on the coast of Chile, the presence of the copepod Acartia tonsa has been indicated solely using morphological evidence, due to the absence of genetic information.

Inorganic Polyphosphate Affects Biofilm Assembly, Capsule Formation, and Virulence of Hypervirulent ST23 .

The emergence of hypervirulent (hvKP) strains poses a significant threat to public health due to high mortality rates and propensity to cause severe community-acquired infections in healthy individuals. The ability to form biofilms and produce a protective capsule contributes to its enhanced virulence and is a significant challenge to effective antibiotic treatment. Polyphosphate kinase 1 (PPK1) is an enzyme responsible for inorganic polyphosphate synthesis and plays a vital role in regulating various physiological processes in bacteria.

Community health worker navigation to improve allostatic load: The Integrated Population Health (IPOP) study.

Background: Social determinants of health (SDOH) and cumulative stress contribute to chronic disease development. The physiological response to repeated stressors typical of lower-income environments can be measured through allostatic load - a composite measure of cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune variables. Healthcare systems have employed patient navigation for social and medical needs to improve SDOH that has demonstrated limited impact on chronic disease outcomes.

[Tetanus: an immunopreventable disease].

Tetanus is an infectious disease caused by a ubiquitous bacterium Clostridium tetani, that synthesizes and releasesa potent neurotoxin under anaerobic conditions, which is responsible for the clinical manifestations. As it is found in soil contaminated with animal and human excreta, it is difficult to eradicate but it may be prevented by immunization. Immunization rate has decreased in the last years, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Clinical and pulmonary function analysis in long-COVID revealed that long-term pulmonary dysfunction is associated with vascular inflammation pathways and metabolic syndrome.

Introduction: Long-term pulmonary dysfunction (L-TPD) is one of the most critical manifestations of long-COVID. This lung affection has been associated with disease severity during the acute phase and the presence of previous comorbidities, however, the clinical manifestations, the concomitant consequences and the molecular pathways supporting this clinical condition remain unknown. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize L-TPD in patients with long-COVID and elucidate the main pathways and long-term consequences attributed to this condition by analyzing clinical parameters and functional tests supported by machine learning and serum proteome profiling.

Proteomic and toxicological analysis of the response of dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella to changes in NaNO concentration.

Dinoflagellates of the genus Alexandrium cause Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in coastal waters worldwide, damaging marine environments, aquaculture, and human health. They synthesize potent neurotoxic alkaloids known as PSTs (i.e.

Mega-analysis of association between obesity and cortical morphology in bipolar disorders: ENIGMA study in 2832 participants.

Background: Obesity is highly prevalent and disabling, especially in individuals with severe mental illness including bipolar disorders (BD). The brain is a target organ for both obesity and BD. Yet, we do not understand how cortical brain alterations in BD and obesity interact.

Approaching the Ecological Role of the Squat Lobster () and the Fuegian Sprat () in the Francisco Coloane Marine Area (Magellan Strait, Chile) Using a Pelagic Food Web Model.

The structure and functioning of the food web of the Francisco Coloane Marine Area in the Magellan Strait, Chile, was quantified, with an emphasis on identifying the ecological role of the squat lobster () and the Fuegian sprat (). Food web indicators, the trophic level, and centrality indices were estimated using Ecopath with Ecosim. Dynamic simulations were carried out to evaluate the ecosystem impacts of biomass changes in squat lobster and Fuegian sprat.

Differential gene expression analysis in the scallop Argopecten purpuratus exposed to altered pH and temperature conditions in an upwelling-influenced farming area.

Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and its absorption across the ocean surface will alter natural variations in pH and temperature levels, occurring in coastal upwelling ecosystems. The scallop Argopecten purpuratus, one of the most economically important species farmed in northern Chile, has been shown to be vulnerable to these environmental drivers. However, the regulatory responses at the gene-level of scallops to these climate stressors remain almost unknown.

Long term environmental variability modulates the epigenetics of maternal traits of kelp crabs in the coast of Chile.

The methylation of DNA is an environmentally inducible epigenetic mechanism reflecting the short-term ecological and environmental background of populations. Marine invertebrate populations, which spread along a latitudinal cline, are particularly suitable for profiling DNA methylation, due to the heterogenous environmental conditions experienced. We used the MSAP (Methylation Sensitive Amplified Polymorphism) technique to investigate the natural variation in DNA methylation of different female's tissues (muscle, gonads, and gills) and early-stage eggs from five populations of the kelp crab Taliepus dentatus, distributed along a latitudinal cline in the coast of Chile.

Neuropsychological aspects of bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic condition with serious consequences on the health and functionality of patients who suffer from it, with a high heritability and segregation, and aprevalence of between 1% and 2%. Neuropsychological deficits have been implicated as a very important issue related to BD prognosis, so a review was conducted of these deficits, the related factors and their functional consequences. It has been determined that the presence of neuropsychological deficits can vary in patients with BD according to their mood state, with a great influence of depressive symptoms on the cognitive variability of patients with respect to the general population and differences with respect to patients in the manic phase.

Physical-chemical factors influencing the vertical distribution of phototrophic pico-nanoplankton in the Oxygen Minimum Zone (OMZ) off Northern Chile: The relative influence of low pH/low O conditions.

The vertical distribution of phytoplankton is of fundamental importance in the structure, dynamic, and biogeochemical pathways in marine ecosystems. Nevertheless, what are the main factors determining this distribution remains as an open question. Here, we evaluated the relative influence of environmental factors that might control the coexistence and vertical distribution of pico-nanoplankton associated with the OMZ off northern Chile.

Resting-state functional nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in patients with bipolar disorder: Beyond euthymia.

Introduction: Functional nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in the resting state (R-fMRI) allows the identification of complete functional connectivity networks and the possible neuronal correlations of psychiatric disorders. The literature on R-fMRI and bipolar disorder (BD) will be reviewed, emphasising the findings in the phases of mania, hypomania and depression.

Methods: It is a narrative review of the literature in which articles were searched in PubMed and Embase, with the key words in English "bipolar disorder" AND "resting state", without limit on the date of publication.

Structural neuroimaging and predominant polarity in patients with type 1 bipolar disorder from Antioquia.

Introduction: Predominant polarity (PP) has been proposed as a specifier of bipolar disorder (BD) due to its relationship with clinical and prognostic variables. It is possible that this is due to a different underlying neurobiology, in such a way that the changes found by structural nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) in BD are different and specific.

Objectives: To explore findings of structural neuroimaging in patients with BD type I (BD-I) according to PP.

Ocean acidification induces distinct metabolic responses in subtropical zooplankton under oligotrophic conditions and after simulated upwelling.

Ocean acidification (OA) is one of the most critical anthropogenic threats to marine ecosystems. While significant ecological responses of plankton communities to OA have been revealed mainly by small-scale laboratory approaches, the interactive effect of OA-related changes on zooplankton metabolism and their biogeochemical implications in the natural environment still remains less well understood. Here, we explore the responses of zooplankton respiration and ammonium excretion, two key processes in the nutrient cycling, to high pCO levels in a 9-week in situ mesocosm experiment conducted during the autumn oligotrophic season in the subtropical northeast Atlantic.

Diagnosis of bipolar disorders and body mass index predict clustering based on similarities in cortical thickness-ENIGMA study in 2436 individuals.

Aims: Rates of obesity have reached epidemic proportions, especially among people with psychiatric disorders. While the effects of obesity on the brain are of major interest in medicine, they remain markedly under-researched in psychiatry.

Methods: We obtained body mass index (BMI) and magnetic resonance imaging-derived regional cortical thickness, surface area from 836 bipolar disorders (BD) and 1600 control individuals from 14 sites within the ENIGMA-BD Working Group.

Proteomic analysis reveals Renibacterium salmoninarum grown under iron-limited conditions induces iron uptake mechanisms and overproduction of the 57-kDa protein.

Renibacterium salmoninarum, a slow-growing facultative intracellular pathogen, is the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease, a chronic, progressive and granulomatous infection that threatens farmed and wild salmonids worldwide. Pathogenic R. salmoninarum colonizes tissues and invades the host through cell surface-associated and secreted proteins.