Effect of nitrogen fertilization and shading on morphogenesis, structure and leaf anatomy of genotypes.

The use of exotic grasses of African origin for pastures in Brazil has been a major advancement in livestock production, but little is known about the responses of these grasses to nitrogen fertilizers associated with shading. In this study, the morphogenetic, structural, and leaf anatomical characteristics of Megathyrsus maximus cultivars' Tamani and Quênia were investigated as a function of N dose and shade. Morphogenetic and structural characteristics and leaf anatomy were studied under three shading levels (0, 30, and 50 %) and four N doses (0, 100, 200, and 300 kg N ha) to simulate growth in a silvopastoral system.

The Characterization of Pastures by Grazing Cycle and Evaluation of Supplementation with Agro-Industry Co-Products on the Performance of Buffaloes in the Humid Tropics.

The objective was to characterize the pastures by grazing cycle, as well as to evaluate the performance of buffaloes in intensive rotational grazing in a silvopastoral system in the eastern Amazon supplemented with agro-industry co-products in order to characterize the grazing cycles, the composition of the fractions, and the carcass yield. Fifteen non-castrated, crossbred water buffaloes (Murrah × Mediterranean) were used. All animals used in the study were clinically healthy and weighed approximately 458 kg.

Evaluation of the quality of meat and carcasses from sheep fed diets containing three types of oils.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the carcass and meat of lambs fed with different types of oil. Thirty male, uncastrated, mixed breed (Santa Inês × Dorper) sheep were used in this experiment and were distributed in random blocks with three treatments and 10 replicates per treatment, where each animal represents a replicated experimental unit. The three treatments were the following experimental diets: soybean oil in natura; soybean oil after use in frying, and palm oil ().

The addition of different oils in the diet regulates the expression of adipocytokine signaling genes in sheep longissimus dorsi muscle.

Nutrition is an important factor that regulates the expression of several genes. The aim of this work was to analyze the effects of diets containing additions of different oils on the regulation of the adipocytokine signaling gene expressions in sheep longissimus dorsi muscle. Forty males and non-neutered sheep were kept in individual cages and fed under four different treatments: control treatment (concentrate and forage) and the other three treatments containing the concentrate and forage plus 4% oil (yellow grease, soybean and palm oils).

Agrometeorological and Agronomic Characterization of Grasses Cultivated in Tropical Humid and Semi-Arid Conditions: A Multivariate Approach.

Variability in climatic conditions of low-latitude tropical grass cultivation can affect forage production dynamics. Pasture ecosystems are complex and preferably studied from a multifactorial point of view through multivariate approaches. Therefore, in this study, we characterized different growing conditions for grasses of the genus through studies conducted in tropical humid and semi-arid conditions.

Increased quality of and cryopreserved semen of water buffaloes supplemented with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from the palm oil industry.

Ruminant energy supplementation with vegetable oils or fats has been standing out worldwide and oil palm processing has been receiving growing interest. This study assessed the effect of supplementation with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from the palm oil industry on the lipid profile of seminal plasma and of the sperm membrane, as well as on the morphological and functional characteristics of raw and cryopreserved buffalo semen. Twelve purebred Murrah bulls () were assigned to the experimental groups and fed diets for 120 days with no added lipids (CONT, four bulls), or with an extra amount of 3% lipids from crude palm oil (PALM, four bulls), or from palm oil deodorizer distillate (PODD, four bulls).

Effects of replacing canola meal with camelina expeller on intake, total tract digestibility, and feeding behavior of beef heifers fed high-concentrate diets.

To assess the effect of inclusion of camelina expeller in beef cattle diets, 24 Simmental heifers were used. Two experiments were carried out. In the first, two free-choice tests, one without and another with molasses, were conducted to know the preference of animals for a total mixed ration (TMR) made with a 90 to 10 concentrate to barley straw ratio, where canola meal (CM) or camelina expeller (CE) was used in the concentrate as a protein source.

Effect of dietary supplementation of palm kernel cake on ovarian and hepatic function in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

To determine the optimal inclusion amount of palm kernel cake (PKC) in a buffalo diet, in the present study there was evaluation of the ovarian activity, metabolism and hepatic function of females that were treated to synchronize the time of ovulation. Twenty-four estrous-cyclic and non-lactating Murrah buffalo with a mean age of 5.7 years were supplemented with 0%, 0.

Reproductive and productive performances of Santa Inês ewes submitted to breeding in different periods of the Amazonian humid tropical climate.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive and productive performance of Santa Inês ewes bred at different times of the year in humid tropical climate. One hundred and forty-eight Santa Inês ewes were grouped according to the time of the year of their breeding season (i.e.