Imaging Review of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament.

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries can often be missed on physical examination, especially in multiligament knee injuries. Therefore, a comprehensive approach to imaging the PCL should be implemented whenever history and examination findings indicate relative risk. Radiography, including a posterior-stress view, and magnetic resonance imaging, when available, provide consistently accurate diagnosis of PCL pathology and common knee comorbidities.

Using animal models in osteoarthritis biomarker research.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease that commonly affects human and veterinary patients. Animal models are routinely used for OA research, and the dog is a nearly ideal species for translational investigation of human OA biomarkers. The cytokine, chemokine, and matrix metalloprotease (MMP) profiles of synovial fluid, serum, and urine from dogs with surgically induced and naturally occurring OA were compared with dogs without OA using xMAP technology (Qiagen Inc.

Evaluation of small intestinal submucosa grafts for meniscal regeneration in a clinically relevant posterior meniscectomy model in dogs.

Large meniscal defects are a common problem for which treatment options are limited. Successful meniscal regeneration has been achieved by using grafts of small intestinal submucosa in posterior, vascular meniscal defects in a dog model. This study investigates the long-term effects of a tibial tunnel fixation technique and a clinically based meniscectomy defect on meniscal regeneration using this model.

Arthroscopic verification of ultrasonographic diagnosis of meniscal pathology in dogs.

Objective: To determine the clinical usefulness of ultrasonography for diagnosis of meniscal pathology in dogs.

Study Design: Double-blind prospective study.

Animals: Dogs (n=10) with lameness localized to the stifle.

Long-term outcome for large meniscal defects treated with small intestinal submucosa in a dog model.

Background: Large meniscal defects are a common problem for which current treatment options are limited.

Hypothesis: Treatment of posterior medial meniscal defects in dogs with small intestinal submucosa is superior to partial meniscectomy in terms of clinical limb function, chondroprotection, and amount and type of new tissue in the defect.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Idiopathic gastroesophageal reflux disease in an adult horse.

Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease was diagnosed in a 22-year-old female Tennessee Walking Horse that had signs of bruxism and ptyalism. Esophageal ulceration was detected via endoscopy. Compared with the damage to the proximal portions of the esophagus, the severity of the ulceration increased toward the gastroesophageal junction.