Education of Patients with Asthma Leading to the Self-management of their Condition? The primary Health Care Providers' Approach.

Unlabelled: Asthma is a chronic non-communicable disease considered a serious health problem worldwide. The Chronic Care Model promotes the self-management of patients' chronic conditions. This process requires an active engagement of health professionals to provide education for patients to manage their disease better.

Natural Semantic Networks: The Concept of Mistreatment and Good Treatment in Students of Health Careers.

Natural semantic networks (NSNs) provide an approach to understanding concepts in terms of their density and strength. The objective of this study was to conceptualize mistreatment and good treatment among health science students in Chile, according to gender and training cycle. : A mixed-methods study with a relational scope was conducted, involving 994 health science students.

Frequency of daily living activities in older adults and their relationship with sociodemographic characteristics: A survey-based study.

Background: Activities in daily living (ADL) are the fundamental actions people must take to survive, care of themselves, and integrate into their daily environment.

Objective: This study has two objectives: 1) to offer a new questionnaire to assess daily living activities frequency and report evidence of their psychometric properties, and 2) to describe how often older adults in a region of Chile perform different types of daily living activities and to identify their relationship with their sociodemographic characteristics.

Method: 399 older adults from the Biobío Region, Chile, chosen by quota sampling, were surveyed.

[Professionalism and narrative medicine].

This work is a bibliographical review of the challenges of professionalism in medical training. Medicine practiced with narrative competence, called narrative medicine, is proposed as a model for humane and effective medical practice. By virtue of the changes in the practice of medicine during the last years, professionalism values emerge as qualities that should reshape medicine.

Identifying the Needs of Older Adults Associated with Daily Activities: A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: By 2050, older adults will constitute 16% of the world population; hence, there is an urgent demand and challenge to design solutions (products and services) that meet the needs of this age group. This study sought to analyse the needs that impact the well-being of Chilean older adults and present possible solutions through the design of products.

Methodology: A qualitative study was used, where focus groups were held with older adults, industrial designers, health professionals, and entrepreneurs on the needs and design of solutions for older adults.

Inclusion in the university: Who assumes responsibility? A qualitative study.

Society challenges higher education institutions and their members to generate inclusive communities to enable the full development of all members. This study aims to analyze who is responsible for generating inclusion according to community members from a traditional Chilean University. We carried out qualitative research based on the Grounded Theory.

Well-being variations on students of health sciences related to their learning opportunities, resources, and daily activities in an online and on-crisis context: a survey-based study.

Background: Universities' training process intensely relies on face-to-face education. The COVID-19 pandemic interrupted it and forced them to reinvent their process online. But this crisis seems not to be the last we will face, and we take it as a lesson to prepare for future crises.

The training of a new social-responsible generation of health professionals with a patient-centered vision.

The challenges that Latin America faces in health are deeply related to others, such as access to clean water, the right to education, and housing. Health professionals that work in an environment where the population faces constant barriers to accessing care in the public health system or has limited resources to pay for it in a private sector will face an ethical dilemma, the question of how to honor the call to care for patients when there is not enough support system or infrastructure to do so. Within the schools of medicine and health sciences, the question is how to train students to face or resolve these conflicts.

[Power and gender in relationships between teachers and students in medical schools].

Background: Education is a continuous, critical, holistic process that not only intends to transmit knowledge, abilities, and skills, but also permeates attitudes, values and dispositions, becoming a decisive element to fight inequality in all its nuances.

Aim: To characterize the type of power that is established in relation to gender, between teachers and students, from the perspective of students and medical teachers from two Chilean universities.

Material And Methods: Qualitative study, according to Grounded Theory.

Psychometric properties of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12) on Chilean women.

Introduction: Pelvic floor dysfunctions have an impact on women's sexual function. A Chilean study found that 74% of women have pelvic floor dysfunctions, but there is no validated tool for them.

Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12) for assessing sexual function in Chilean women with pelvic floor dysfunctions.

[Experiences of medical students dropping out studies. A qualitative approach].

Background: Medical students have a higher prevalence of mental health problems and are more likely to drop out their studies as a result.

Aim: To comprehend the academic experiences of medical students who dropped out medical studies in a university that experienced an increase in drop out by medical students and consultations to mental health services.

Material And Methods: A qualitative study with a phenomenological design, in which in-depth interviews were conducted with eight medical students who dropped out studies.

When it is time to decide: factors associated to the choice of a medical specialty.

After finishing their initial education, physicians can enter post-graduate training programs. In Chile, there are multiple medical specialties options. This review synthesizes the factors associated with the choice of specialty, according to international publications.

Inclusion at universities: Psychometric properties of an inclusive management scale as perceived by students.

Introduction: During the last century, the inclusion of all kinds of diversity became a social imperative in all social spaces but above all in some institutions such as the educational ones. Among these, inclusion has been least studied in the tertiary education organizations. This communication proposes and evaluates the psychometric properties of a new instrument, named Inclusive Management in Tertiary Institutions Scale (IMTIS), to assess inclusive management in universities.

Utrecht work engagement scale: Construct validity and reliability in Chilean health science students.

Objective: The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-Student (UWES-S) has been extensively applied in different countries to assess engagement in students, but there are discrepancies about its factor structure outcomes. To analyse the factor structure of Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-Student as construct validity evidence and reliability in medical students.

Methods: The non-experimental cross-sectional study was conducted at the public-sector University of Concepción in the Bio-Bio region in central Chile at the end of the first academic semester, between July and August 2017, and comprised students of health science undergraduate degree programmes in Medicine, Kinesiology, Pharmacy, and Speech and Language Therapy.

[Students' perception about mistreatment in undergraduate medical training].

Background: Alarms about mistreatment in medical education have been raised for almost 30 years.

Aim: To describe the frequency of abuse reports among medical students at a university in Chile, investigating their association with age, sex, and educational level.

Material And Methods: The Mistreatment by Teachers Questionnaire was applied to 264 first to seventh year medical students (54% males).

[Relationship between occupational commitment and teaching practices among healthcare teachers].

Background: A central aspect of professional identity is occupational commitment, which has a significant relationship with motivation and positive mental states in healthcare environments. However, it is not clear how occupational commitment is related to teaching practices in universities.

Aim: To apply the Occupational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) to university teachers and relate its results with the Teaching Practices Questionnaire.

Multidimensional scale of perceived social support: evidence of validity and reliability in a Chilean adaptation for older adults.

Background: Given the relevance of social support on the mental health of older adults, having an instrument to evaluate this variable is essential for research in the area. However, mainly, having instruments with suitable evidence of their psychometric properties is critical. For this reason, this study sought to evaluate the factorial and reliability structure of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support within autonomous older adults from the Province of Concepción, Chile.

Satisfaction with remote teaching during the first semester of the COVID-19 crisis: Psychometric properties of a scale for health students.

Introduction: Due to the health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, 220 million college students in the world had to halt face-to-face teaching and migrate to what has been called Emergency Remote Teaching, using virtual media, but without adequate preparation. The way this has impacted the student body and its satisfaction with the training process is unknown and there are no instruments backed by specific validity and reliability studies for this teaching context. This is why this study aims to analyze the psychometric properties of the Remote Teaching Satisfaction Scale applied to Chilean health sciences students.

Design and health: An interdisciplinary baseline experience of product design for health needs of the Chilean elderly.

Objective: Describing the results of a User-Centered Design workshop using Challenge Based Learning or CBL, where students from Chilean industrial design and health degrees, developed solutions to resolve health problems among the elderly.

Methods: It was a pre-experimental study; 45 university students took part in a workshop: 39 from Industrial Design, 3 from Speech Therapy, 2 from Medical Technology and 1 from Medicine. In this workshop, the students, using CBL in disciplinary heterogeneous groups, faced a 3-week challenge to develop products to overcome a health problem for an elderly person.

[Variables associated with a good response to steroids in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy].

Background: The treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is based on corticosteroids, immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis. In our Health System, corticosteroids are commonly used as first line therapy for economic reasons and accessibility. However, the factors associated with a good response are not well known.

[Questionnaire for measuring risk eating behaviors for excess malnutrition in adolescents].

Introduction: there are behavioral factors that predispose to the development of excess malnutrition, and which can be key to the promotion of healthy habits. The purpose of this study was to construct and validate a questionnaire to identify risky eating behaviors in adolescents. Objective: to evaluate the psychometric properties of a questionnaire to measure risky eating behaviors related to excess malnutrition in adolescents in the province of Concepción, Chile.

[Academic self-efficacy among health care undergraduate students in a Chilean university].

Background: Self-efficacy refers to people's expectations about personal resources available for goal achievement. Higher self-efficacy expectations are correlated with higher academic performance.

Aim: To analyze the psychometric properties of the Academic Behavior Self-Efficacy Scale (ABSES) and to describe Self-efficacy expectations of students from health-related careers.

Fathers for the first time: Validation of a questionnaire to asses father experiences of first childbirth in Latin America.

Unlabelled: The active incorporation of men in the process of childbirth is an increasingly common practice internationally. However, there are no validated instruments for Latin America.

Objective: To validate an instrument to assess new fathers' experiences during childbirth in Latin America.