Associations between prior healthcare use, time to diagnosis, and clinical outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease: a nationally representative population-based cohort study.

Background: Timely diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may improve clinical outcomes.

Objective: Examine associations between time to diagnosis, patterns of prior healthcare use, and clinical outcomes in IBD.

Design: Using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink we identified incident cases of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), diagnosed between January 2003 and May 2016, with a first primary care gastrointestinal consultation during the 3-year period prior to IBD diagnosis.

Adherence to 5-aminosalicylic acid maintenance treatment in young people with ulcerative colitis: a retrospective cohort study in primary care.

Background: Maintenance treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is recommended in ulcerative colitis (UC), but accurate estimates of discontinuation and adherence in adolescents transitioning to young adulthood are lacking.

Aim: To determine rates and risk factors for discontinuation and adherence to oral 5-ASA in adolescents and young adults 1 year following diagnosis of UC.

Design And Setting: Observational cohort study using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink among adolescents and young adults (aged 10-24 years) diagnosed with UC between 1 January 1998 and 1 May 2016.

Patterns of cigarette and e-cigarette use among UK adolescents: a latent class analysis of the Millennium Cohort Study.

Background: Patterning of cigarette and e-cigarette use among young people remains poorly characterized. We aimed to describe these patterns in the UK Millennium Cohort Study at age 14 and 17 years.

Methods: Data on cigarette and e-cigarette use come from 9731 adolescents.

The role of dieting, happiness with appearance, self-esteem, and bullying in the relationship between mental health and body-mass index among UK adolescents: a longitudinal analysis of the Millennium Cohort Study.

Background: Mental illness and obesity are among the biggest challenges to population health, they are linked, and may be modifiable during adolescence. We aimed to determine intervening pathways between mental health and BMI z-score symptoms across adolescence.

Methods: In this longitudinal cohort study, we used path models to examine self-reported dieting, happiness with appearance, self-esteem and bullying at 14 years as potential mediators of the cross-lagged relationship between mental health (via the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) and Body Mass Index (BMI) z-score at 11 and 17 years by sex in the UK Millennium Cohort Study, a prospective cohort study of 18,818 children born in the UK between September 1st, 2000, and January 31st, 2002.

Risk factors of persistent adolescent thinness: findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.

Background: Thinness during adolescence can increase the risk of adverse health outcomes across the life-course and impede development. There is limited research examining the prevalence and determinants of persistent adolescent thinness in the United Kingdom (UK). We used longitudinal cohort data to investigate determinants of persistent adolescent thinness.

Systematic review with meta-analysis: Time to diagnosis and the impact of delayed diagnosis on clinical outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: The impact of diagnostic delay on the clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains uncertain.

Aim: To perform a systematic review of time to diagnosis and the impact of delayed diagnosis on clinical outcomes in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: We searched EMBASE and Medline from inception to 30th November 2022 for studies reporting diagnostic interval, from symptom onset to IBD diagnosis.

Antidepressant medication use in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a nationally representative population-based study.

Background: Despite high rates of depression and anxiety, little is known about the use of antidepressants amongst individuals diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Aims: To evaluate temporal trends in the use of antidepressants; rates of antidepressant initiation and adherence of antidepressant use to international guidelines amongst individuals with IBD.

Methods: This is a study of 14,525 incident IBD cases from 2004 to 2016 compared with 58,027 controls matched 1:4 for age and sex from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Early-life maternal attachment and risky health behaviours in adolescence: findings from the United Kingdom Millennium Cohort Study.

Background: Early uptake of multiple risky behaviours during adolescence, such as substance use, antisocial and sexual behaviours, can lead to poor health outcomes without timely interventions. This study investigated how early-life maternal attachment, or emotional bonds between mothers and infants, influenced later risky behaviours in adolescence alongside other potential explanatory pathways using the United Kingdom Millennium Cohort Study.

Methods: Total maternal attachment scores measured at 9 months using the Condon (1998) Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale compared higher and lower attachment, where mothers in the lowest 10th percentile represented lower attachment.

Disadvantage in early-life and persistent asthma in adolescents: a UK cohort study.

Objective: To determine how early-life risk factors explain socioeconomic inequalities in persistent asthma in adolescence.

Methods: We did a causal mediation analysis using data from 7487 children and young people in the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Persistent asthma was defined as having a diagnosis reported at any two or more time points at 7, 11 or 14 years.

Association between antidepressant medication use and steroid dependency in patients with ulcerative colitis: a population-based study.

Background: Animal studies indicate a potential protective role of antidepressant medication (ADM) in models of colitis but the effect of their use in humans with ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear.

Objective: To study the relationship between ADM use and corticosteroid dependency in UC.

Design: Using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink we identified patients diagnosed with UC between 2005 and 2016.

Stoma Formation in Crohn's Disease and the Likelihood of Antidepressant Use: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background & Aims: The impact of a temporary or permanent stoma on mental health in Crohn's Disease (CD) is unknown. The aim was to examine the association between intestinal surgery and stoma formation and subsequent antidepressant medication (ADM) use.

Methods: Using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we identified individuals with CD who underwent intestinal surgery between 1998-2018.

Depression in individuals who subsequently develop inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based nested case-control study.

Objective: Depression is a potential risk factor for developing IBD. This association may be related to GI symptoms occurring before diagnosis. We aimed to determine whether depression, adjusted for pre-existing GI symptoms, is associated with subsequent IBD.