Wound Irrigation in the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection in Elective Colorectal Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background Surgical site infection in colon surgery is associated with significant cost and increased length of hospital stay. Recently, there has been interest in the use of pulsed lavage to reduce the risk of surgical site infection in contaminated wounds. Although increasingly used and gaining popularity, its effectiveness in elective colorectal surgery has been poorly documented.

Tumour budding as a prognostic biomarker in biopsies and resections of neoadjuvant-treated rectal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Tumour budding (TB) is a marker of tumour aggressiveness which, when measured in rectal cancer resection specimens, predicts worse outcomes and response to neoadjuvant therapy. We investigated the utility of TB assessment in the setting of neoadjuvant treatment.

Methods And Results: A single-centre, retrospective cohort study was conducted.

Comparing neoadjuvant therapy followed by local excision to total mesorectal excision in the treatment of early stage rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials.

Introduction: Total mesorectal excision (TME) is the standard-of-care in early, clinical stage (cT2-3 N0 M0) rectal cancer. Local excision (LE) may be an alternative after adequate response to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), with either long-course chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) or short-course radiotherapy (SCRT), as a means of preserving the rectum and potentially obviating the morbidity of TME.

Methods: A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines for studies that randomly assigned patients with cT2-3 N0 M0 rectal cancer to either NAT + LE or TME that reported radiologic, oncologic, surgical, and morbidity outcomes.

Total neoadjuvant therapy versus standard neoadjuvant treatment strategies for the management of locally advanced rectal cancer: network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: This study compared the advantages and disadvantages of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) strategies for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, compared with the more traditional multimodal neoadjuvant management strategies of long-course chemoradiotherapy (LCRT) or short-course radiotherapy (SCRT).

Methods: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of exclusively RCTs was undertaken, comparing survival, recurrence, pathological, radiological, and oncological outcomes. The last date of the search was 14 December 2022.

Mechanical bowel preparation and antibiotics in elective colorectal surgery: network meta-analysis.

Background: The use of intravenous antibiotics at anaesthetic induction in colorectal surgery is the standard of care. However, the role of mechanical bowel preparation, enemas, and oral antibiotics in surgical site infection, anastomotic leak, and other perioperative outcomes remains controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal preoperative bowel preparation strategy in elective colorectal surgery.

Comparing minimally invasive surgical and open approaches to pelvic exenteration for locally advanced or recurrent pelvic malignancies - Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Pelvic exenteration (PE) is a complex multivisceral surgical procedure indicated for locally advanced or recurrent pelvic malignancies. It poses significant technical challenges which account for the high risk of morbidity and mortality associated with the procedure. Developments in minimally invasive surgical (MIS) approaches and enhanced peri-operative care have facilitated improved long term outcomes.

Surgery for synchronous and metachronous colorectal cancer: segmental or extensive colectomy?

Purpose: To assess the impact of surgical approach on morbidity, mortality, and the oncological outcomes of synchronous (SC) and metachronous (MC) colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: All patients undergoing resection for double location CRC (SC or MC) between 2006 and 2020 were included. The exclusion criteria were polyposis or SC located on the same side.

A fundamental change emerging in locally advanced rectal cancer management: a case report.

Treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer remains a challenge in colorectal surgery. It has had an evolving landscape over the past three decades. Implementation of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) as a novel approach to management has begun globally but long-term outcomes and data analysis to identify optimal schedules are eagerly awaited.

The role of bariatric surgery in liver transplantation: timing and type.

Introduction: The rise in obesity worldwide has shifted the indications for liver transplantation (LT), with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) being the second most common indication for transplantation. There remains an underestimation of cirrhosis being attributed to NASH. Bariatric surgery (BS) is a reliable solution to overcome obesity and its associated comorbidities.

Risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma associated with carriage of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Germline BRCA1/2 mutations lead to malfunction of DNA damage repair pathways and predispose to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The aim of this study is to synthesise the available research on this topic. Four studies reporting risk ratio (RR) were included in the final meta-analysis to minimise misrepresenting our results by combining separate risk estimates.

Surgical management of abdominal desmoids: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Desmoid tumours are benign fibromatous tumours arising from dysregulated myofibroblast proliferation within musculoaponeurotic structures. They can occur sporadically but more commonly are associated with genetic syndromes such as familial adenomatous polyposis (Sakorafas et al. in Surg Oncol 16(2):131-142, 2007) (FAP).

Postoperative outcomes after laparoscopic or open gastrectomy. A national cohort study of 10,343 patients.

Background: Laparoscopy for gastric cancer has not been as popular compared with other digestive surgeries, with conflicting reports on outcomes. The aim of this study focuses on the surgical techniques comparing open and laparoscopy by assessing the morbi-mortality and long-term complications after gastrectomy.

Methods: A retrospective study (2013-2018) was performed on a prospective national cohort (PMSI).

Oncological outcomes of laparoscopic versus open rectal cancer resections: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: The role of laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery has been questioned owing to conflicting reports on pathological outcomes from recent RCTs. However, it is unclear whether these pathological markers and the surgical approach have an impact on oncological outcomes. This study assessed oncological outcomes of laparoscopic and open rectal cancer resections.

Surgical approach for rectal cancer: A network meta-analysis comparing open, laparoscopic, robotic and transanal TME approaches.

Background: The optimal approach for total mesorectal excision (TME) of rectal cancer remains controversial.

Aim: To compare short- and long-term outcomes after open (OpTME), laparoscopic (LapTME), robotic (RoTME) and transanal TME (TaTME).

Methods: A systematic search of electronic databases was performed up to January 1, 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing at least 2 TME strategies.

Intracorporeal vs extracorporeal anastomosis following neoplastic right hemicolectomy resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.

Purpose: While minimally invasive surgery is the preferred approach for right hemicolectomy, the choice of anastomotic technique is still debated. Both intracorporeal (ICA) and extracorporeal anastomosis (ECA) are described, with conflicting reports on safety and efficacy seen. This study aimed to examine impact of ICA and ECA on outcomes in right hemicolectomy.

Laparoscopic rectal dissection preserves erectile function after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: a two-centre study.

Aim: Few studies have been published on erectile function after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) and, unlike in women, male fertility after IPAA has never been assessed. The primary objective was to assess the impact of IPAA on erectile function. The secondary objective was to assess the impact of IPAA on male fertility.

Delivery of Personalized Care for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Incorporating Pathological, Molecular Genetic, and Immunological Biomarkers Into the Multimodal Paradigm.

Approximately one-third of all newly diagnosed colorectal cancer (CRC) is composed of rectal cancer, with the incidence rising in younger patients. The principal neoadjuvant treatments consist of neoadjuvant short-course radiotherapy and long-course chemoradiation. Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is particularly challenging to manage given the anatomical constrictions of the pelvis and the risk for local recurrence.

Prognostic value of tumor deposits in rectal cancer: A monocentric series of 505 patients.

Background And Objectives: It has been suggested that tumor deposits (TDs) may have a worse prognosis in rectal cancer compared with colonic cancer. The aim of this study was to assess TDs prognosis in rectal cancer.

Methods: Patients who underwent total mesorectum excision for rectal adenocarcinoma (2011-2016) were included.

The Role of Exenterative Surgery in Advanced Urological Neoplasms.

Pelvic exenterative surgery is both complex and challenging, especially in the setting of locally recurrent disease. In recent decades, improved surgical techniques have facilitated more extensive resection of both locally advanced and recurrent pelvic malignancies, but its role in urological cancer surgery is highly selective. However, it remains an important part of the armamentarium for the management of bladder and prostate cancer cases where there is local invasion into adjacent organs or localized recurrence.

Advanced colonic cancer with clinically suspected bladder invasion: Outcomes and prognosis from a multicentric study of 117 patients from the FRENCH research group.

Background: Bladder invasion by colon cancer is rare; however, its management is still controversial. Our objective was to report outcomes and identify risk factors for local recurrence in colon cancer with clinically suspected bladder invasion.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in 23 centers in France.

Can the Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Predict Complete Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Breast Cancer Treatment? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The systemic inflammatory response plays a role in tumor progression and development. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a biochemical marker of systemic inflammation and is increasingly gaining appreciation for its prognostic role in predicting breast cancer outcomes. Previous research has demonstrated that patients who achieve a complete pathologic response (pCR) to neoadjuvant breast cancer treatment have a more favorable disease-free survival.

Is ileostomy mandatory for ileal pouch-anal anastomosis? A propensity matched analysis of 388 procedures.

Background: Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal-pouch-anal anastomosis is the standard treatment for patients with ulcerative colitis or familial adenomatous polyposis. This procedure has undergone many changes and varies in 1, 2, or 3 stages. A diverting ileostomy can be created with the aim of reducing the consequence of an anastomotic leakage; however, its use is still unknown.