Why do children under 5 years go to the GP in Lambeth: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study identifies the most common recorded reason for attendance to primary care for children under 5 years old, including a breakdown via age, ethnicity, deprivation quintile and sex.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: 39 of 40 general practices in Lambeth, London, UK.

Real-World Study of the Effectiveness and Safety of Intracameral Bimatoprost Implant in a Clinical Setting in the United States.

Purpose: A sustained-release, biodegradable, intracameral 10-µg bimatoprost implant (Durysta) is approved for single administration per eye to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the IOP-lowering effectiveness and safety of a single implant administration per eye in patients with OAG or OHT in a real-world clinical setting.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-site study involving 105 consecutive adult patients with OAG or OHT treated with the bimatoprost implant in 1 or both eyes in routine clinical practice.

How do different members of the on-farm mobility team perceive lameness, and what factors influence their NSAID use?

Background: Lameness affects approximately one-third of the national dairy herd, impacting welfare and production. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the main analgesic available, but use is variable. The aims of this study were to describe how members of the mobility team perceive pain and use NSAIDs for conditions causing lameness in dairy cows.

Phase 3, Randomized Study Comparing Intracameral Bimatoprost Implant 15 µg and Selective Laser Trabeculectomy in Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension.

Purpose: We evaluate the safety and intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect of 15-µg bimatoprost implant (higher dose than the currently approved product) compared with selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Methods: Randomized, phase 3, 12-month, multicenter, paired-eye, patient- and efficacy evaluator-masked noninferiority study. Patients with inadequate IOP control were randomized to receive 360° SLT (day 1) or up to 3 administrations of 15-µg bimatoprost implant (day 4, weeks 16 and 32) in the primary eye and the alternative treatment in the contralateral eye.

Interim Analysis of Clinical Outcomes with Open versus Closed Conjunctival Implantation of the XEN45 Gel Stent.

Objective: To examine the longitudinal postoperative outcomes of open versus closed conjunctiva implantation of the XEN45 gel stent.

Design: Retrospective multicenter study.

Subjects: One hundred ninety-three patients with glaucoma underwent XEN45 implantation via an open or closed conjunctiva approach.

Single Administration of Bimatoprost Implant: Effects on 24-Hour Intraocular Pressure and 1-Year Outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of a single bimatoprost implant administration on 24-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering at 8 weeks, and 1-year IOP-lowering efficacy and safety outcomes.

Design: Multicenter, open-label, 12-month, phase 3b study (NCT04285580).

Participants: Adults with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

'We need to engage with rather than alienate those who criticise the farming industry'.

Emily Craven argues that, when considering the vegan debate, farm animal practitioners should seek to understand and work with those who criticise the industry to drive improvements in farming standards, rather than alienate and dismiss them.

Single Administration of Intracameral Bimatoprost Implant 10 µg in Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension.

Introduction: This study evaluated the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy and safety of a single intracameral administration of bimatoprost implant 10 µg in adults with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Methods: Two identically designed, randomized, 20-month, parallel-group, phase 3 clinical trials (one study eye/patient) compared three administrations of 10- or 15-µg bimatoprost implant (day 1, weeks 16 and 32) with twice-daily topical timolol maleate 0.5%.

A New and Easier Approach to Preserflo MicroShunt Implantation.

PRESERFLO™ MicroShunt is a new minimally invasive glaucoma surgical (MIGS) device, implanted with an ab externo approach, which drains the aqueous humor to the subconjunctival space. It has been designed as a safer and less invasive approach for treating medically uncontrolled primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients. The classic way of MicroShunt implantation involves different key steps, which includes creating a small scleral pocket with a 1mm blade; passing a 25-gauge (25G) needle through the scleral pocket into the anterior chamber (AC); and subsequently flushing the stent with a 23-gauge (23G) thin-wall cannula.

Comparison of Iridocorneal Angle Assessments in Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension Patients: Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography and Gonioscopy.

Purpose: To quantitatively compare iridocorneal angle assessments using gonioscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Patients: US and Chinese patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and/or ocular hypertension (OHT).

Methods: Analysis was pooled from 2 multicenter, noninterventional studies conducted in the US and China.

Merging enzymes with chemocatalysis for amide bond synthesis.

Amides are one of the most fundamental chemical bonds in nature. In addition to proteins and other metabolites, many valuable synthetic products comprise amide bonds. Despite this, there is a need for more sustainable amide synthesis.

Reoperation Rates and Disease Costs for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients in the United States Treated with Incisional Glaucoma Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the claims-based 5-year economic and reintervention burden for patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) after incisional glaucoma surgery in the United States.

Design: Retrospective Medicare claims analysis.

Participants: One thousand nine hundred forty-five Medicare fee-for-service patients with POAG treated with trabeculectomy, tube shunt, or EX-PRESS shunt procedures from 2010 through 2011.

Primary angle closure glaucoma is characterized by altered extracellular matrix homeostasis in the iris.

Purpose: To characterize the proteome of the iris in primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG).

Experimental Design: In this cross-sectional study, iris samples were obtained from surgical iridectomy of 48 adults with PACG and five normal controls. Peptides from iris were analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry on an Orbitrap Q Exactive Plus mass spectrometer.

Radiation Process Control: Product Dose vs. Process Dose.

The requirements for the irradiation of healthcare products have been well established and implemented across the globe for several decades. The ISO 11137 series of standards gives the user the road map for designing a radiation process that will routinely deliver the required sterility assurance level so that product consistently meets specifications. The latest addition to the ISO 11137 series of standards should provide much-needed guidance around establishing a highly reproducible process based on a statistical analysis of the validated state of control.

A novel bilayered expanded polytetrafluoroethylene glaucoma implant creates a permeable thin capsule independent of aqueous humor exposure.

The purpose of these studies was to evaluate clinical, functional, and histopathological features of glaucoma drainage implants (GDIs) fabricated from novel, custom-tailored expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE). Implants of matching footprints were fabricated from silicone (Control) and novel, bilayered ePTFE. ePTFE implants included: (a) one that inflated with aqueous humor (AH) (High), (b) one that inflated with a lower profile (Low), (c) an uninflated implant not connected to the anterior chamber (Flat), and (d) one filled with material that did not allow AH flow (Filled).

Comparison of Clinical Outcomes with Open Versus Closed Conjunctiva Implantation of the XEN45 Gel Stent.

Purpose: To describe the efficacy and safety of open versus closed conjunctival implantation of the XEN45 Gel Stent (Allergan Inc).

Design: Retrospective, multicenter study.

Participants: A total of 137 patients with glaucoma who underwent XEN45 implantation via open or closed conjunctival methods.

Retrobulbar tube shunt: anterior chamber to back of the eye (A2B) efficacy in glaucomatous eyes with uncontrolled IOP.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy and safety of a commercial model of the retrobulbar shunt, anterior chamber to back of the eye (A2B), in lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) and medication requirements after the failure of all other IOP-lowering therapies, including trabeculectomy with antimetabolites and tube shunt procedures.

Methods: This is a single-site, prospective, nonrandomized concept study. Patients with prior failed tube shunts, or moderate to severe glaucoma refractory to treatment, were included.

Malpractice Litigation in Glaucoma.

Purpose: To analyze and report the causes and outcomes of malpractice litigation for patients with a diagnosis of glaucoma.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Participants: Malpractice litigation cases.

XEN Gel Stent Open Conjunctiva Technique: A Practical Approach Paper.

The Xen Gel Stent lowers intraocular pressure by shunting aqueous humor to the subconjunctival space. While published studies include both open conjunctiva and closed conjunctiva approaches, most publications feature a closed conjunctiva, ab interno approach. While this approach is widely used, other approaches may be preferred for some patients.

Evolving Guidelines for Intracameral Injection.

Purpose: To review evidence and provide guidelines on intracameral (ICM) injection techniques and monitoring.

Materials And Methods: A review of published literature on ICM injection and intravitreal injections formed the basis for roundtable deliberations by an expert panel of ophthalmologists.

Results: ICM injection as a way to deliver medications is growing in popularity.

24-Month Phase I/II Clinical Trial of Bimatoprost Sustained-Release Implant (Bimatoprost SR) in Glaucoma Patients.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effects over 24 months of biodegradable bimatoprost sustained-release implant (Bimatoprost SR) administration versus topical bimatoprost 0.03% in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG).

Methods: This was a phase I/II, prospective, 24-month, dose-ranging, paired-eye controlled clinical trial.