Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Italian national viral hepatitis surveillance: an interrupted time series analysis, 2006-2022.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on national surveillance of viral hepatitis in Italy.

Study Design: Interrupted time series analysis.

Methods: Using an interrupted time series analysis with a customised AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average model on hepatitis cases reported to the Integrated Epidemiological System of Acute Viral Hepatitis from 2006 to 2022, we examined trends in incidence, time to diagnosis and time to epidemiological investigations for hepatitis A, hepatitis B and hepatitis C.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding HIV/AIDS and STIs among youths and key populations in informal settlements of Nairobi, Kenya.

Kenya is home to one of the worst HIV/AIDS epidemics, with higher prevalence rates in youths in urban slums. We conducted a cross-sectional mixed-methods study in Nairobi informal settlements. The aim was to investigate knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of this marginalized community, and to identify, with a bottom-up approach, the most appropriate interventions to increase the utilization of HIV/STIs services.

Risk of parenterally transmitted hepatitis following exposure to invasive procedures in Italy: SEIEVA surveillance 2000-2021.

Background & Aims: Surgical interventions and invasive diagnostic/therapeutic procedures are known routes of transmission of viral hepatitis. Using data from the Italian surveillance system for acute viral hepatitis (SEIEVA), the aim of this study was to investigate the association between specific types of invasive procedures and the risk of acute HBV and HCV infections.

Methods: Data from SEIEVA (period 2000-2021) were used.

Effectiveness of Hepatitis B Vaccination Campaign in Italy: Towards the Control of HBV Infection for the First Time in a European Country.

Background: In 1991, a mass immunization campaign against the hepatitis B virus (HBV) for children and teenagers was introduced in Italy. This study evaluated the impact of the immunization campaign on the incidence and modes of HBV transmission.

Method: Acute HBV cases of viral hepatitis were reported to the National Surveillance System (SEIEVA).

Acute Delta Hepatitis in Italy spanning three decades (1991-2019): Evidence for the effectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccination campaign.

Updated incidence data of acute Delta virus hepatitis (HDV) are lacking worldwide. Our aim was to evaluate incidence of and risk factors for acute HDV in Italy after the introduction of the compulsory vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 1991. Data were obtained from the National Surveillance System of acute viral hepatitis (SEIEVA).

Differences in Incidence of Acute Viral Hepatitis between Foreigners and Autochthonous Population in Italy.

Background: In European countries, the prevalence of HBV and HCV in refugees and migrants tends to reflect the prevalence in their countries of origin. The aim of this study is to analyse acute viral hepatitis cases diagnosed in Italy among foreign citizens and to compare incidence rates in foreigners and Italians.

Methods: We analysed the cases of each viral hepatitis type among foreigners.

[An update on the epidemiology of hepatitis A in Italy 2015-2019. Data from the surveillance of acute viral hepatitis SEIEVA].

Background: hepatitis A is an infective disease whose global diffusion appears to be variable and strictly related to socioeconomic status, hygiene conditions, and access to potable water. During last twenty years, Italy registered a constant decrease of new cases with recurrent epidemic outbreaks.

Objectives: to outline the hepatitis A epidemiological situation in Italy in the five-year period 2015-2019.

Enzyme activities in human lens epithelium of age-related cataract.

Purpose: To investigate associations between enzyme activity of glutathione reductase (GR) with and without added flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase (6PGDH) in the lens epithelium collected at surgery, and some nutritional and biochemical variables determined in the same individuals during the Italian-American Case-Control Study of age-related cataract.

Methods: One hundred eighty-three epithelium capsule samples were collected from 174 patients undergoing surgery. Data on enzyme activity were obtained from 52 samples for 6-PGDH and from 53 samples for GR and for GPX.

The changing epidemiology of hepatitis A in Italy.

In 1990, the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus infection (anti-HAV) was assayed by the ELISA method on a national sample of 1000 recruits aged 18-24 years. The overall prevalence was 29.4% (22.