Interrelationship between arterial hypertension, health service costs, therapeutic treatment and physical activity.

Background: Arterial hypertension is a high prevalence disease that increase healthcare costs and affects physical activity level. This study aimed to analyse the interrelationship between arterial hypertension, health service costs, therapeutic treatment, and physical activity in patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Method: Cross-sectional study that evaluated 306 patients from a hospital in Presidente Prudente-Brazil.

Framework Convention on Tobacco Control 2030-A Program to Accelerate the Implementation of World Health Organization Framework Convention for Tobacco Control in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation.

Background: Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) 2030 Program (2017-2021) was launched to accelerate World Health Organization (WHO) FCTC implementation in 15 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We evaluated the Program in six domains: Governance; Smoke-Free Policies; Taxation; Packaging and Health Warnings; Tobacco Advertising, Promotion, and Sponsorship (TAPS) bans; and International and Regional Cooperation.

Aims And Methods: Following a mixed-methods design, we surveyed (June-September 2020) FCTC focal persons in 14 of the 15 countries, to understand the Program's financial and technical inputs and progress made in each of the six domains.

Determinants of COVID-19-Related Length of Hospital Stays and Long COVID in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Objectives: There is paucity of data on determinants of length of COVID-19 admissions and long COVID, an emerging long-term sequel of COVID-19, in Ghana. Therefore, this study identified these determinants and discussed their policy implications.

Method: Data of 2334 patients seen at the main COVID-19 treatment centre in Ghana were analysed in this study.

Management of inguinal hernia in premature infants: 10-year experience.

Aim: Debatable issues in the management of inguinal hernia in premature infants remain unresolved. This study reviews our experience in the management of inguinal hernia in premature infants.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective chart review of premature infants with inguinal hernia from 1999 to 2009.

Risk factors, characteristics and outcomes of necrotizing enterocolitis in late preterm and term infants.

Objective: To identify the risk factors, characteristics and outcomes of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) at our institution.

Study Design: A retrospective case-control analysis of the charts of all late preterm and term infants, who had NEC of Bell's stage ≥ II from 1995 to 2009, along with infants of the same gestational age. Thirty-two late preterm infants had NEC meeting criteria and 128 late preterm and term infants were chosen as matched controls.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-related cold thigh abscess as an unusual cause of thigh swelling in infants following BCG vaccine administration: a case series.

Introduction: Thigh swelling in an infant can be a symptom of a simple benign condition or a life-threatening condition. We observed a cluster of thigh swelling episodes in infants in which the cause was Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-related cold thigh abscess. We report this unusual case series to raise awareness about this diagnosis.

Cryopreserved recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for the restoration of occluded central venous access devices in pediatric oncology patients.

Background: Thrombolytic therapy with urokinase 5000 units has been the standard therapy for the restoration of thrombosed central catheters. However, with the decreased availability of urokinase, alternatives needed to be sought. The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy, bioactivity, dwell time and cost of cryopreserved recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA) in the restoration of occluded central venous access devices.

Intestinal ischamemia in a child due to polyarteritis nodosa: a case report.

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare type of childhood vasculitis. We report the case of a 10-year-old boy who was referred to our hospital following an appendicectomy with fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhoea, weight loss, joint pains and skin rash. Shortly after admission, he developed peritonitis, and an emergency laparotomy revealed ischaemia of the jejunum which required partial resection.

Motor vehicle injuries in childhood: a hospital-based study in Saudi Arabia.

Motor vehicles are a major cause of injury-related deaths in children and may also result in temporary or permanent disability. A retrospective analysis of the medical charts of children aged 12 years and younger, who were involved in motor vehicle injuries during a 10-year period, was undertaken. All children who were admitted and treated at King Fahad National Guard Hospital, Riyadh from January 1994 to December 2003 were included in this study.

The immediate and long-term outcomes of newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

In spite of the innovations in the management of newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) presenting with respiratory distress at birth, mortality and ongoing morbidity still remain high. This is a retrospective analysis of newborns with CDH to determine the immediate and long-term outcomes among survivors. Medical records of newborns with CDH and respiratory distress at birth between January 1993 and March 2002 were reviewed retrospectively.

Cecal duplication cyst: a cause of intestinal obstruction in a newborn infant.

Intestinal obstruction is the most common surgical emergency in newborn infants. We report a case of cecal duplication cyst (CDC) as a cause of intestinal obstruction in a newborn infant. Prenatal ultrasonography (US) had shown an intra-abdominal cyst that was confirmed by the first postnatal US.

CT findings in a child with reflux oesophagitis.

We report the case of a 7-month-old boy who presented with a history of vomiting since birth. A computed tomography study showed circumferential thickening of the lower oesophageal wall with enhancement of the mucosa. After a period of antireflux medication, the patient underwent simultaneous oesophageal dilatation and Nissen fundoplication.

Idiopathic intussusception in infancy and childhood.

Objective: Idiopathic intussusception is an important cause of abdominal pain, bleeding per rectum and intestinal obstruction in infancy and childhood. This aim of this study was to undertake a retrospective review of all children who presented with idiopathic intussusception over a 17-year period.

Methods: The medical records of children who presented with idiopathic intussusception from January 1984 through December 2000 at King Fahad National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were reviewed.

Intussusception. A cause of postoperative intestinal obstruction in children.

Intestinal obstruction is a common postoperative complication and usually related to intra-abdominal adhesions. Postoperative intussusception, however, is a rare cause and may be confused with postoperative ileus. With more children undergoing abdominal operations, the incidence of postoperative intussusception should rise but reports indicate that this complication may be either not suspected or overlooked.

Extrahepatic biliary atresia in Saudi Arabia: the importance of early diagnosis and referral.

Objective: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of children who were managed for extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) over a 6-year period.

Materials And Methods: Twelve children were managed at King Fahad National Guard Hospital with a diagnosis of extrahepatic biliary atresia from January 1993 through December 1998. The data obtained included age, sex, clinical presentation, age at referral, investigations, management, complications and follow-up.

Pediatric thoracic trauma.

Objective: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of children up to 12 years of age inclusive, who sustained thoracic injuries during a 6-year period.

Methods: Ninety-one children were treated at King Fahad National Guard Hospital, Riyadh from January 1993 through December 1998. The clinical data included age, sex, mechanism of injury, associated injuries, pediatric trauma score, treatment and mortality.