Transcranial focused ultrasound remotely modulates extrastriate visual cortex by stimulating frontal eye field with subregion specificity.

Low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) has emerged as a powerful neuromodulation tool characterized by its deep penetration and precise spatial targeting to influence neural activity. Our study directed low-intensity tFUS stimulation onto a region of prefrontal cortex (the frontal eye field, or FEF) of a rhesus macaque to examine its impact on a remote site, the extrastriate visual cortex (area V4) through this top-down modulatory circuit that has been studied extensively with electrical microstimulation.To measure the impact of tFUS stimulation, we recorded local field potentials and multi-unit spiking activities from a multi-electrode array implanted in the visual cortex.

Patterns and Predictors of Referral for Screening Breast MRI: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Women with ≥20% lifetime breast cancer risk can receive supplemental breast cancer screening with MRI. We examined factors associated with recommendation for screening breast MRI among primary care providers (PCPs), gynecologists (GYNs), and radiologists. We conducted a sequential mixed-methods study.

Laparoscopic predictability of minimally invasive interval debulking in advanced ovarian cancer: The MIID-SOC trial.

Background: We sought to create a laparoscopic-based model to predict the ability to perform a minimally invasive (MIS) cytoreductive surgery in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer patients who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

Methods: Fifty women were enrolled in a multi-institutional prospective pilot study (NCT03378128). Each patient underwent laparoscopic evaluation of 43 abdominopelvic sites followed by surgeon dictated surgical approach, either continue MIS or laparotomically.

Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Remotely Modulates Extrastriate Visual Cortex with Subregion Specificity.

Low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) has emerged as a powerful neuromodulation tool characterized by its deep penetration and precise spatial targeting to influence neural activity. Our study directed low-intensity tFUS stimulation onto a region of prefrontal cortex (the frontal eye field, or FEF) of a rhesus macaque to examine its impact on a remote site, the extrastriate visual cortex (area V4). This pair of cortical regions form a top-down modulatory circuit that has been studied extensively with electrical microstimulation.

The implementation, use and impact of patient reported outcome measures in value-based healthcare programmes: A scoping review.

Background: Value-Based Healthcare (VBHC) focuses on the value of patient outcomes and is achieved by ensuring resources already available are managed to realise the best possible individual and population health outcomes. Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) measure the impact of illnesses from the patient perspective. We conducted a scoping review to understand how PROMs were implemented and used, and their impact in the context of VBHC.

Associations between constructs related to social relationships and mental health conditions and symptoms: an umbrella review.

Background: Loneliness and social isolation are increasingly recognised as prevalent among people with mental health problems, and as potential targets for interventions to improve quality of life and outcomes, as well as for preventive strategies. Understanding the relationship between quality and quantity of social relationships and a range of mental health conditions is a helpful step towards development of such interventions.

Purpose: Our aim was to give an overview of associations between constructs related to social relationships (including loneliness and social isolation) and diagnosed mental conditions and mental health symptoms, as reported in systematic reviews of observational studies.

A phase III, multicenter, randomized study of olvimulogene nanivacirepvec followed by platinum-doublet chemotherapy and bevacizumab compared with platinum-doublet chemotherapy and bevacizumab in women with platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancer.

Background: Treatment options for patients with platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancers are limited and only marginally effective. The development of novel, more effective therapies addresses a critical unmet medical need. Olvimulogene nanivacirepvec (Olvi-Vec), with its strong immune modulating effect on the tumor microenvironment, may provide re-sensitization to platinum and clinically reverse platinum resistance or refractoriness in platinum-resistant/refractory ovarian cancer.

Diversifying chemical space of DNA-encoded libraries: synthesis of 2-oxa-1-azaspiro(bicyclo[3.2.0])heptanes on-DNA visible light-mediated energy transfer catalysis.

Azaspiro[3.3]heptanes are valuable synthetic targets for drug discovery programs. The challenges associated with the preparation and diversification of this moiety as compared to other small, saturated rings have led to limited applications of compounds containing this spirocycle.

Momentum-Space Imaging of Ultra-Thin Electron Liquids in δ-Doped Silicon.

Two-dimensional dopant layers (δ-layers) in semiconductors provide the high-mobility electron liquids (2DELs) needed for nanoscale quantum-electronic devices. Key parameters such as carrier densities, effective masses, and confinement thicknesses for 2DELs have traditionally been extracted from quantum magnetotransport. In principle, the parameters are immediately readable from the one-electron spectral function that can be measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES).

E-cigarette Unit Sales by Product and Flavor Type, and Top-Selling Brands, United States, 2020-2022.

E-cigarette products, related policies, and use patterns change rapidly. In the United States, the prevalence of e-cigarette use is markedly higher among youths and young adults than it is among adults overall. In 2021, 4.

Cerebrovascular Impedance as a Function of Cerebral Perfusion Pressure.

Cerebrovascular impedance is modulated by a vasoactive autoregulative mechanism in response to changes in cerebral perfusion pressure. Characterization of impedance and the limits of autoregulation are important biomarkers of cerebral health. We developed a method to quantify impedance based on the spectral content of cerebral blood flow and volume at the cardiac frequency, measured with diffuse optical methods.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor toxicities: A society of gynecologic oncology review and recommendations.

Objective: Oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have new indications for treatment in gynecologic malignancies. These targeted drugs have both unique and overlapping toxicities, which require careful attention and management. New combination therapies with immune-oncology agents have demonstrated promise in endometrial cancer.

Evaluation of statewide restrictions on e-cigarette nicotine strength-United States, 2017-2022.

Aims: To evaluate statewide policies restricting e-cigarette nicotine strength.

Design: A difference-in-difference regression analysis was used to compare e-cigarette sales in states that restrict nicotine strength with states with no restrictions. Because flavor restrictions might affect sales and nicotine strength, states with flavor restrictions were also assessed.

Topical cannabidiol is well tolerated in individuals with a history of elite physical performance and chronic lower extremity pain.

Introduction: Cannabidiol (CBD) is a potential therapeutic for pain management. Yet, there exists a dearth of studies of its tolerability and efficacy, especially in special populations. Former elite athletes are a special population both susceptible to chronic pain and also highly trained and attuned to assess medication tolerability concerns.

Dearomative intermolecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition for construction of C(sp)-rich heterospirocycles on-DNA.

DNA-encoded library (DEL) screens have significantly impacted new lead compound identification efforts within drug discovery. An advantage of DELs compared to traditional screening methods is that an exponentially broader chemical space can be effectively screened using only nmol quantities of billions of DNA-tagged, drug-like molecules. The synthesis of DELs containing diverse, sp-rich spirocycles, an important class of molecules in drug discovery, has not been previously reported.

Does trocar puncture of the bladder during midurethral sling impact postoperative urinary storage and voiding symptoms?

Introduction And Hypothesis: The incidence of trocar bladder puncture during midurethral sling (MUS) surgery varies widely. We aim to further characterize risk factors for bladder puncture and examine its long-term impact on storage and emptying.

Methods: This is an Institutional Review Board-approved, retrospective chart review of women who underwent MUS surgery at our institution from 2004 to 2018 with ≥12 months of follow-up.

Trends in US E-cigarette Sales and Prices by Nicotine Strength, Overall and by Product and Flavor Type, 2017-2022.

Introduction: The e-cigarette market has expanded considerably in recent years, resulting in changes in availability and use of e-cigarettes with varying characteristics.

Aims And Methods: This study assessed trends in sales and prices of e-cigarettes by nicotine strength level, including by product type and flavor, during January 2017-March 2022. US e-cigarette retail sales data were licensed from IRI company.

Using near-infrared spectroscopy and a random forest regressor to estimate intracranial pressure.

Significance: Intracranial pressure (ICP) measurements are important for patient treatment but are invasive and prone to complications. Noninvasive ICP monitoring methods exist, but they suffer from poor accuracy, lack of generalizability, or high cost.

Aim: We previously showed that cerebral blood flow (CBF) cardiac waveforms measured with diffuse correlation spectroscopy can be used for noninvasive ICP monitoring.

Beyond Serous: Treatment Options for Rare Endometrial Cancers.

Rare endometrial cancers are high-grade, aggressive malignancies which are often diagnosed at an advanced stage, and account for disproportionately more deaths than their more common low-grade counterparts. Standard of care includes a combination of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Surgery consists of complete hysterectomy, and more recent evidence supports replacing a full lymphadenectomy with sentinel node mapping.

Tiered Supports for the Class of 2021 in Unprecedented Times: A High School Counseling Department's Journey.

The impact of COVID-19 and the racial awakening of the United States intensified the inequities already present in many K-12 schools. Authors report a practitioner-focused case study of a high school counseling department integrating multitiered systems of support (MTSS) into their comprehensive school counseling program during the 2020-2021 school year, in response to both a global pandemic and the racial justice movement. Authors describe school counselors' passionate commitment to supporting the school and department goal of increased graduation rate for the graduating class of 2021 in the midst of navigating virtual learning, racial and ethnic disparities, and lack of resources.

Pgc-1α controls epidermal stem cell fate and skin repair by sustaining NAD homeostasis during aging.

Objective: The epidermal barrier is renewed by the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of keratinocyte stem cells after injury and aging impedes this repair process through undefined mechanisms. We previously identified a gene signature of metabolic dysfunction in aged murine epidermis, but the precise regulators of epidermal repair and age-related growth defects are not well established. Aged mouse models as well as mice with conditional epidermal loss of the metabolic regulator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (Pgc-1α) were used to explore the cellular pathways which control skin repair after injury and stress.

Improved Rates of Same-day Discharge in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Endometrial Cancer Following the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Study Objective: To determine the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the rate of same-day discharge (SDD) after minimally invasive surgery for endometrial cancer.

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Teaching hospital.