The influence of cadence on fatigue during maximal sprint cycling in world-class and elite sprint cyclists.

Optimising cadence through appropriate gear selection is a key consideration for track sprint cycling performance, yet the influence of cadence on fatigue (i.e., decrement in power output) within a maximal sprint is not well understood.

Field- and Laboratory-derived Power-Cadence Profiles in World-Class and Elite Track Sprint Cyclists.

Previous investigations comparing Torque-Cadence (T-C) and Power-Cadence (P-C) profiles derived from seated and standing positions and field and laboratory conditions are not congruent with current methodological recommendations. Consequently, the aim of this investigation was to compare seated and standing T-C and P-C profiles generated from field and laboratory testing. Thirteen world-class and elite track sprint cyclists ( = 7 males, maximal power output (P) = 2112 ± 395 W;  = 6 females, P = 1223 ± 102 W) completed two testing sessions in which field- and laboratory-derived T-C and P-C profiles were identified.

Detections in England, Jersey, and Guernsey during 2020-2023 Reveal Newly Affected Areas and Infections by the CHV1 Mycovirus.

In England, was detected for the first time in 2011 in a nursery and in 2016 in the wider environment. Surveys between 2017 and 2020 identified the disease at different sites in Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Cornwall, Derbyshire, Devon, Dorset, London, West Sussex, and the island of Jersey, while the present study comprises the results of the 2020-2023 survey with findings in Derbyshire, Devon, Kent, Nottinghamshire, Herefordshire, Leicestershire, London, West Sussex, and the islands of Jersey and Guernsey. A total of 226 suspected samples were collected from 72 surveyed sites, as far north as Edinburgh and as far west as Plymouth (both of which were negative), and 112 samples tested positive by real-time PCR and isolation from 35 sites.

Efficacy and Safety of Native and Recombinant Zona Pellucida Immunocontraceptive Vaccines Formulated with Non-Freund's Adjuvants in Donkeys.

This study aimed to test zona pellucida (ZP) vaccines’ immunocontraceptive efficacy and safety when formulated with non-Freund’s adjuvant (6% Pet Gel A and 500 Μg Poly(I:C)). Twenty-four jennies were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: reZP (n = 7) received three doses of recombinant ZP vaccine; pZP (n = 9) received two doses of native porcine ZP; and Control group (n = 8) received two injections of placebo. Jennies were monitored weekly via transrectal ultrasonography and blood sampling for serum progesterone profiles and anti-pZP antibody titres.

Key stakeholder experiences of an integrated healthcare pilot in Australia: a thematic analysis.

Background: In Australia and other developed countries, chronic illness prevalence is increasing, as are costs of healthcare, particularly hospital-based care. Integrating healthcare and supporting illness management in the community can be a means of preventing illness, improving outcomes and reducing unnecessary hospitalisation. Western Sydney has high rates of diabetes, heart and respiratory diseases and the NSW State Ministry of Health funded a range of key strategies through the Western Sydney Integrated Care Program (WSICP) to integrate care across hospital and community settings for patients with these illnesses.

Efficacy and safety of native and recombinant zona pellucida immunocontraceptive vaccines in donkeys.

Feral and semi-feral donkeys are recognised as a problem in some world regions. The main problem associated with uncontrolled donkey populations is habitat degradation and competition for feed resources, especially in arid climes. Controlling population numbers would reduce the impact of donkeys and other species.

Production of foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT2 VP1 protein.

The seven serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) differ on the surface exposed regions on the VP1, 2 and 3 proteins. Amongst the three, the VP1 protein has been produced the most for use in serotyping assays for some of the Euro-Asian serotypes. In this study the VP1 protein of the FMDV SAT2/ZIM/7/83 was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells in Luria broth and EnPresso B media in shake flasks.

Integrating health care in Australia: a qualitative evaluation.

Background: With aging populations, a growing prevalence of chronic illnesses, higher expectations for quality care and rising costs within limited health budgets, integration of healthcare is seen as a solution to these challenges. Integrated healthcare aims to overcome barriers between primary and secondary care and other disconnected patient services to improve access, continuity and quality of care. Many people in Australia are admitted to hospital for chronic illnesses that could be prevented or managed in the community.

Model for integrated care for chronic disease in the Australian context: Western Sydney Integrated Care Program.

Objective To describe the implementation of a model of integrated care for chronic disease in Western Sydney. This model was established on the basis of a partnership between the Local Health District and the Primary Health Network. Methods The Western Sydney Integrated Care Program (WSICP) focuses on people with type 2 diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and coronary artery disease or congestive cardiac failure.

Serum antibody immunoreactivity and safety of native porcine and recombinant zona pellucida vaccines formulated with a non-Freund's adjuvant in horses.

Commercial and regulatory limitations associated with native porcine zona pellucida (pZP) vaccines formulated with Freund's adjuvants may be overcome by developing effective recombinant ZP vaccines (reZP) and identifying alternative adjuvant formulations. A two-part preparatory study used 15 geldings and identified potentially effective alternative adjuvant formulations based on anti-pZP antibody response following treatment with pZP formulated with Addavax (AddaVax ™, Invivogen), Quil A (Quil-A® Adjuvant, Invivogen), Quil A and Poly (I:C) (HMW VacciGrade™, Invivogen), Pet Gel A (Montanide™ Pet Gel A, Seppic) and Pet Gel A and Poly (I:C). Injection site reactions, rectal temperature and respiratory and heart rates were also monitored for three days post-treatment.

Ovarian function following immunocontraceptive vaccination of mares using native porcine and recombinant zona pellucida vaccines formulated with a non-Freund's adjuvant and anti-GnRH vaccines.

An important determinant in the selection of any contraceptive agent is the impact on ovarian function, both in the short and longer term. In this study, ovarian activity was monitored in mares immunised with one of the following vaccine formulations; native porcine zona pellucida (pZP), recombinant zona pellucida proteins ZP3 and ZP4 (reZP), pZP and reZP combined or a commercially available anti-GnRH vaccine. The ZP antigens were prepared in an adjuvant formulation consisting of 6% polymeric adjuvant (Montanide™ PetGel A, Seppic, France) and 500 μg polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid - TLR3-agonist (Poly(I:C) HMW VacciGrade™, Invivogen, USA).

Evaluation of plant-produced type D toxoid in a vaccine against enterotoxaemia in sheep.

Enterotoxaemia (pulpy kidney) is a common bacterial disease of sheep caused by Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin. It has mortality rates of up to 30% in non-vaccinated animals. Current vaccines from whole cell cultures are expensive to manufacture and can induce local inflammatory responses in sheep.

Co-expression of sulphydryl oxidase and protein disulphide isomerase in Escherichia coli allows for production of soluble CRM.

Aims: To investigate the production of soluble cross-reacting material 197 (CRM ) in Escherichia coli, a safe and effective T-cell-dependent protein carrier for polysaccharides used in the manufacture and application of multivalent conjugate vaccines.

Methods And Results: The use of co-expression of a sulphydryl oxidase (SOX) and protein disulphide isomerase for the production of soluble CRM in E. coli is described.

Analyses of Methylomes Derived from Meso-American Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Using MeDIP-Seq and Whole Genome Sodium Bisulfite-Sequencing.

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is economically important for its high protein, fiber, and micronutrient contents, with a relatively small genome size of ∼587 Mb. Common bean is genetically diverse with two major gene pools, Meso-American and Andean.

Pioglitazone increases PGC1-α signaling within chronically ischemic myocardium.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ drug pioglitazone (PIO) has been shown to protect tissue against oxidant stress. In a swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia, we tested whether PIO increases PGC1-α signaling and the expression of mitochondrial antioxidant peptides. Eighteen pigs underwent a thoracotomy with placement of a fixed constrictor around the LAD artery.

Cattle tick vaccine researchers join forces in CATVAC.

A meeting sponsored by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation was held at the Avanti Hotel, Mohammedia, Morocco, July 14-15, 2015. The meeting resulted in the formation of the Cattle Tick Vaccine Consortium (CATVAC).

Analyzing the molecular mechanism of lipoprotein localization in Brucella.

Bacterial lipoproteins possess diverse structure and functionality, ranging from bacterial physiology to pathogenic processes. As such many lipoproteins, originating from Brucella are exploited as potential vaccines to countermeasure brucellosis infection in the host. These membrane proteins are translocated from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane where they are anchored peripherally by a multifaceted targeting mechanism.

The Recovery of Hibernating Hearts Lies on a Spectrum: from Bears in Nature to Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Clinicians often use the term "hibernating myocardium" in reference to patients with ischemic heart disease and decreased function within viable myocardial regions. Because the term is a descriptor of nature's process of torpor, we provide a comparison of the adaptations observed in both conditions. In nature, hearts from hibernating animals undergo a shift in substrate preference in favor of fatty acids, while preserving glucose uptake and glycogen.

The safety of seasonal influenza vaccines in Australian children in 2013.

Objective: To examine influenza vaccine safety in Australian children aged under 10 years in 2013.

Design, Participants And Setting: Active prospective surveillance study conducted with parents or carers of children who received influenza vaccine in outpatient clinics at six tertiary paediatric hospitals or from selected primary health care providers between 18 March and 19 July 2013.

Main Outcome Measures: Parental-reported frequency of systemic reactions (fever, headache, nausea, abdominal symptoms, convulsions, rash, rigors and fatigue), injection site reactions (erythema, swelling and/or pain at the injection site), use of antipyretics or analgesics, and medical attendance or advice within 72 hours after vaccination.

Effects of leachate from crumb rubber and zinc in green roofs on the survival, growth, and resistance characteristics of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium.

The use of green roofs is a growing practice worldwide, particularly in densely populated areas. In an attempt to find new methods for recycling crumb rubber, incorporation of crumb rubber into artificial medium for plant growth in green roofs and similar engineered environments has become an attractive option for the recycling of waste tires. Though this approach decreases waste in landfills, there are concerns about the leaching of zinc and other heavy metals, as well as nutrient and organic compounds, into the environment.

Identification of expressed resistance gene-like sequences by data mining in 454-derived transcriptomic sequences of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).

Background: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important legumes in the world. Several diseases severely reduce bean production and quality; therefore, it is very important to better understand disease resistance in common bean in order to prevent these losses.

Extracellular secretion of a recombinant therapeutic peptide by Bacillus halodurans utilizing a modified flagellin type III secretion system.

Background: Through modification of the flagellin type III secretion pathway of Bacillus halodurans heterologous peptides could be secreted into the medium as flagellin fusion monomers. The stability of the secreted monomers was significantly enhanced through gene-targeted inactivation of host cell extracellular proteases. In evaluating the biotechnological potential of this extracellular secretion system an anti-viral therapeutic peptide, Enfuvirtide, was chosen.

Continued depression of maximal oxygen consumption and mitochondrial proteomic expression despite successful coronary artery bypass grafting in a swine model of hibernation.

Objective: Clinical studies indicate incomplete functional recovery of hibernating myocardium after coronary artery bypass grafting. We hypothesized that persistent contractile abnormalities after coronary artery bypass grafting are associated with decreased mitochondrial proteins involving electron transport chain that might limit maximal oxygen consumption.

Methods: Seven pigs with hibernating myocardium underwent off-pump revascularization with left internal thoracic artery to mid left anterior descending artery.

Cortactin: Coordinating adhesion and the actin cytoskeleton at cellular protrusions.

It has long been recognized that adhesion receptors cooperate with the cytoskeleton during morphogenesis, tissue remodeling and homeostasis. But how this occurs is less well-understood. A host of cytoskeletal regulators have been reported to have functional and biochemical linkage with adhesion receptors.

Impact of inactivated extracellular proteases on the modified flagellin type III secretion pathway of Bacillus halodurans.

The flagellin type III secretion pathway of Bacillus halodurans BhFC01 (Deltahag) was modified by the inactivation of fliD. An in-frame flagellin gene fusion polypeptide construct was expressed, and the heterologous peptides were secreted as flagellin fusion monomers. The stability of the secreted monomers was significantly enhanced through gene-targeted inactivation of extracellular proteases.