Convolutional neural network for single-sensor acoustic localization of a transiting broadband source in very shallow water.

When a broadband source of radiated noise transits past a fixed hydrophone, a Lloyd's mirror constructive/destructive interference pattern can be observed in the output spectrogram. By taking the spectrum of a (log) spectrum, the power cepstrum detects the periodic structure of the Lloyd's mirror fringe pattern by generating a sequence of pulses located at the fundamental quefrency and its multiples. The fundamental quefrency, which is the reciprocal of the frequency difference between adjacent destructive interference fringes, equates to the multipath delay time.

Nano-Enhanced Drug Delivery and Therapeutic Ultrasound for Cancer Treatment and Beyond.

While ultrasound is most widely known for its use in diagnostic imaging, the energy carried by ultrasound waves can be utilized to influence cell function and drug delivery. Consequently, our ability to use ultrasound energy at a given intensity unlocks the opportunity to use the ultrasound for therapeutic applications. Indeed, in the last decade ultrasound-based therapies have emerged with promising treatment modalities for several medical conditions.

Length-free near infrared measurement of newborn malnutrition.

Under-nutrition in neonates can cause immediate mortality, impaired cognitive development and early onset adult disease. Body fat percentage measured using air-displacement-plethysmography has been found to better indicate under-nutrition than conventional birth weight percentiles. However, air-displacement-plethysmography equipment is expensive and non-portable, so is not suited for use in developing communities where the burden is often the greatest.

Investigating the role of combined acoustic-visual feedback in one-dimensional synchronous brain computer interfaces, a preliminary study.

Feedback plays an important role when learning to use a brain computer interface (BCI), particularly in the case of synchronous feedback that relies on the interaction subject. In this preliminary study, we investigate the role of combined auditory-visual feedback during synchronous μ rhythm-based BCI sessions to help the subject to remain focused on the selected imaginary task. This new combined feedback, now integrated within the general purpose BCI2000 software, has been tested on eight untrained and three trained subjects during a monodimensional left-right control task.

Electrode contact impedance sensitivity to variations in geometry.

Electrode contact impedance is a crucial factor in physiological measurements and can be an accuracy-limiting factor when performing electroencephalography and electrical impedance tomography. In this work, standard flat electrodes and micromachined multipoint spiked electrodes are characterized with a finite-element method electromagnetic solver and the dependence of the contact impedance on geometrical factors is explored. It is found that flat electrodes are sensitive to changes in the outer skin layer properties related to hydration and thickness, while spike electrodes are not.

Neuromorphic audio-visual sensor fusion on a sound-localizing robot.

This paper presents the first robotic system featuring audio-visual (AV) sensor fusion with neuromorphic sensors. We combine a pair of silicon cochleae and a silicon retina on a robotic platform to allow the robot to learn sound localization through self motion and visual feedback, using an adaptive ITD-based sound localization algorithm. After training, the robot can localize sound sources (white or pink noise) in a reverberant environment with an RMS error of 4-5° in azimuth.

Comparison of the measured and theoretical performance of a broadband circular microphone array.

The design and construction of a circular microphone array (CMA) that has a wide frequency range suitable for human hearing is presented. The design of the CMA was achieved using a technique based on simulated directivity index (DI) curves. The simulated DI curves encapsulate the critical microphone array performance limitations: spatial aliasing, measurement noise, and microphone placement errors.

Adaptive sound localization with a silicon cochlea pair.

A neuromorphic sound localization system is presented. It employs two microphones and a pair of silicon cochleae with address event interface for front-end processing. The system is based the extraction of interaural time difference from a far-field source.