Radiology resident preliminary reporting in an independent call environment: multiyear assessment of volume, timeliness, and accuracy.

Purpose: The objective of this paper is to assess the volume, accuracy, and timeliness of radiology resident preliminary reports as part of an independent call system. This study seeks to understand the relationship between resident year in training, study modality, and discrepancy rate.

Methods: Resident preliminary interpretations on radiographs, ultrasound, CT, and MRI from October 2009 through December 2013 were prospectively scored by faculty on a modified RADPEER scoring system.

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the optic nerve.

We report a rare case of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor that presented with imaging findings similar to those of optic pathway glioma. The diagnosis of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor was determined following surgical resection of the tumor by collective histologic and immunohistochemical staining, and cytogenetic analysis. We describe the clinical presentation, neuroimaging findings and pathology, and compare them to those of optic gliomas.

The usefulness of computed tomography scans in cystic fibrosis patients with chronic sinusitis.

Background: This study was performed to evaluate the usefulness of computed tomography (CT) scans of the sinuses in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) as an outcomes measurement for medical and surgically treated chronic rhinosinusitis.

Methods: Patients with CF who had sinus scans performed at the study institution from January 1999 to September 2003 were identified. The scans and any available prior scans were scored according to the Lund-MacKay system.

Cerebral venous thrombosis after immune thrombocytopenic purpura and anti-D immune globulin therapy.

Cerebral venous thrombosis has multiple etiologies and a wide variety of clinical manifestations. This article reports on a young girl who developed cerebral venous thrombosis after intravenous anti-D immune globulin therapy for immune thrombocytopenic purpura. In this case, venous infarction was manifested by an unusual pattern of restricted diffusion limited to the corpus callosum.

Cochlear nerve size evaluation in children with sensorineural hearing loss by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: To determine differences in size of cochlear nerves among subjects with deafness due to connexin 26 (Cx26) mutations, subjects with deafness of unknown origin, and normal hearing subjects by sagittal high-resolution magnetic resonance (HRMR) imaging of the temporal bone.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional and surface areas and volumetric measurements of the cochlear nerve and modiolus were made on HRMR images of the internal auditory canal (IAC) and inner ear in the 3 groups of children (groups 1, 2, and 3). Three-way comparisons of in vivo cochlear nerve measurements on HRMR imaging were made among 17 children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and no obvious etiology for the hearing loss (group 1), 7 children with profound SNHL due to a Cx26 mutation (group 2), and 10 normal hearing children (group 3).

Central nervous system findings by magnetic resonance in children with profound sensorineural hearing loss.

Introduction: High-resolution magnetic resonance studies are an important tool in the investigation of the etiology of childhood sensorineural hearing loss. An added benefit with magnetic resonance is the ability to screen the central nervous system for findings which may adversely affect the neurodevelopmental outcome of these children.

Objective: To determine the proportion of cases and significance of associated intracranial abnormalities as detected by central nervous system high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in children with profound sensorineural hearing loss.

Treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with Epstein-Barr virus--specific T lymphocytes.

Conventional treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) frequently fails and is accompanied by severe long-term side effects. Since virtually all undifferentiated NPCs are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), this tumor is an attractive candidate for cellular immunotherapy targeted against tumor-associated viral antigens. We now demonstrate that EBV-specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) lines can readily be generated from individuals with NPC, notwithstanding the patients' prior exposure to chemotherapy/radiation.

Etomidate versus pentobarbital for sedation of children for head and neck CT imaging.

Objectives: We compare etomidate to pentobarbital for sedation of children for head and neck computed tomography imaging.

Methods: We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial of patients aged 6 months to 6 years enrolled from the emergency department or radiology department at a large urban children's hospital. The primary outcome measure was sedation success rate.