Use of percutaneous microwave ablation in the treatment of retroperitoneal neoplasia in three dogs.

Case Description: 3 dogs with retroperitoneal masses (2 renal and 1 located near the diaphragm) were treated by percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA).

Clinical Findings: Dogs between 11 and 13 years of age weighing between 13.7 and 43.

Procedural description and prospective evaluation of short-term outcome for the use of prostatic artery embolization in dogs with carcinoma of the prostate.

Objective: To describe the procedure of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) in dogs with prostatic carcinoma and to evaluate the short-term outcome for treated dogs.

Animals: 20 client-owned dogs with prostatic carcinomas between May 2014 and July 2017.

Procedures: In this prospective cohort study, dogs with carcinoma of the prostate underwent PAE with fluoroscopic guidance.

Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer to treat an intracranial arteriovenous malformation in a dog.

A 6-year-old neutered male German shepherd dog was evaluated for obtundation, blindness, and bilateral exophthalmos. A magnetic resonance imaging scan of the brain was performed and identified an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) with several feeding arterial branches, and venous drainage through the cavernous sinus. Venous vessels rostral to the AVM were severely distended and extended into the retrobulbar spaces.

Percutaneous radiologically guided gastrostomy tubes: Procedural description and biomechanical comparison in a canine model.

Objective: To describe the novel placement of percutaneous radiologically guided gastrostomy (PRG) tubes in a canine cadaveric model and to biomechanically compare PRG and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube constructs.

Study Design: Descriptive and biomechanical experimental study.

Animals: Fifteen large breed (>25 kg) canine cadavers.

Description and Biomechanical Comparison of a Percutaneous Radiologic Gastropexy Technique in a Canine Cadaver Model.

Objective: To describe a novel percutaneous radiologic gastropexy (PRG) technique in a canine model and to biomechanically compare this technique to open incisional gastropexy (OIG) and laparoscopic-assisted incisional gastropexy (LAG).

Study Design: Randomized ex vivo biomechanical study.

Animals: Canine cadavers.

Efficacy of Two Radiologic-Assisted Prophylactic Gastropexy Techniques.

Objective: To describe the technique and clinical outcome of prophylactic percutaneous radiologic-assisted gastropexy (PRG) and radiologic-assisted incisional gastropexy (RIG) in client-owned dogs.

Study Design: Prospective, nonrandomized clinical trial.

Animals: Fourteen client-owned, large, and giant breed dogs.

Percutaneous ureteral stent placement for the treatment of a benign ureteral obstruction in a Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae).

A 15-year-old, 113 kg intact male Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) was evaluated for weight loss, polydipsia, and intermittent hematuria. The tiger was immobilized for diagnostic testing including blood work, urinalysis, and abdominal ultrasound. Laboratory testing demonstrated macro- and microhematuria, azotemia, and an increased urine protein:creatinine ratio.

Use of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer as a liquid embolic agent to treat a peripheral arteriovenous malformation in a dog.

Case Description: An 11-year-old castrated male Tibetan Mastiff was evaluated because of a visibly enlarged blood vessel and progressively worsening swelling of the right hind limb.

Clinical Findings: On physical examination, the right hind limb was markedly larger than the left hind limb and the dog was minimally weight bearing on the affected limb. A bruit was auscultated over the affected region.

How to create a quality assurance program for radiation safety in interventional radiology.

The practice of medicine is becoming increasingly complex with regard to its economic and academic aspects. In a climate of increasing cutbacks and reduced reimbursements, health care providers are being held more accountable for proving that the services they render are top quality and worthy of the cost of the care provided. Furthermore, patient safety is currently in the public eye and a driving force behind the Pay for Performance initiative.

Three-dimensional C-arm cone-beam CT: applications in the interventional suite.

C-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CT) with a flat-panel detector represents the next generation of imaging technology available in the interventional radiology suite and is predicted to be the platform for many of the three-dimensional (3D) roadmapping and navigational tools that will emerge in parallel with its integration. The combination of current and unappreciated capabilities may be the foundation on which improvements in both safety and effectiveness of complex vascular and nonvascular interventional procedures become possible. These improvements include multiplanar soft tissue imaging, enhanced pretreatment target lesion roadmapping and guidance, and the ability for immediate multiplanar posttreatment assessment.

Simulation in training: one-year experience using an efficiency index to assess interventional radiology fellow training status.

Purpose: To compare objective fellow and expert efficiency indices for an interventional radiology renal artery stenosis skill set with the use of a high-fidelity simulator.

Materials And Methods: The Mentice VIST simulator was used for three different renal artery stenosis simulations of varying difficulty, which were used to grade performance. Fellows' indices at three intervals throughout 1 year were compared to expert baseline performance.

Three-dimensional C-arm cone-beam CT: applications in the interventional suite.

C-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CT) with a flat-panel detector represents the next generation of imaging technology available in the interventional radiology suite and is predicted to be the platform for many of the three-dimensional (3D) roadmapping and navigational tools that will emerge in parallel with its integration. The combination of current and unappreciated capabilities may be the foundation on which improvements in both safety and effectiveness of complex vascular and nonvascular interventional procedures become possible. These improvements include multiplanar soft tissue imaging, enhanced pretreatment target lesion roadmapping and guidance, and the ability for immediate multiplanar posttreatment assessment.

Management of severe vena cava filter tilting: experience with Bard G-2 filters.

The purpose of this article is to discuss the occurrence of abdominal pain associated with severe tilting of the Bard G-2 inferior vena cava filters. Potential reasons for the occurrence of tilting and management of tilting of the filters are discussed.

Procedural simulation.

In the past few decades, medicine has started to look at the potential use of simulators in medical education. Procedural medicine lends itself well to the use of simulators. Efforts are under way to establish national agendas to change the way medical education is approached and thereby improve patient safety.

Analysis of simulated angiographic procedures. Part 2: extracting efficiency data from audio and video recordings.

Purpose: To create and test methods of extracting efficiency data from recordings of simulated renal stent procedures.

Materials And Methods: Task analysis was performed and used to design a standardized testing protocol. Five experienced angiographers then performed 16 renal stent simulations using the Simbionix AngioMentor angiographic simulator.

Analysis of simulated angiographic procedures: part 1--capture and presentation of audio and video recordings.

Purpose: To assess different methods of recording angiographic simulations and to determine how such recordings might be used for training and research.

Materials And Methods: Two commercially available high-fidelity angiography simulations, the Mentice Vascular Interventional Simulation Trainer and the Simbionix AngioMentor, were used for data collection. Video and audio records of simulated procedures were created by different methods, including software-based screen capture, video splitters and converters, and external cameras.

Patient factors affecting thermal lesion size with an impedance-based radiofrequency ablation system.

Purpose: To evaluate factors that affect the size of the thermal lesion created from radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with an impedance-based system.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two nonresectable liver tumors, including hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) (N=20; 63%) or metastatic tumors (N=12; 37%) were treated in 29 patients with an impedance based RFA system. Tumor diameter was measured at pre-procedure cross sectional imaging.

Correlation between preprocedural MRI findings and clinical outcomes in the treatment of chronic symptomatic vertebral compression fractures with percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to correlate findings of prevertebroplasty MRI with outcomes in the treatment of chronic osteoporotic compression fractures.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five patients with osteoporotic spinal compression fractures of more than 1 year's duration were treated with vertebroplasty. Changes in pain and mobility were assessed by follow-up of 1-28 months.

Reversible neuropathy caused by overuse following radiofrequency ablation of metastatic pelvic lesions.

Adverse events following radiofrequency ablation of skeletal metastases are uncommon. This report describes two patients who developed a delayed neuropathy following radiofrequency ablation of pelvic metastases. Both patients had significant pain relief and normal neurological examinations following the procedure.

Giant mycotic aneurysm of the internal carotid artery in a child: endovascular treatment.

We present a case of a giant mycotic aneurysm of the left internal carotid artery in a child, the result of direct extension of a deep neck space infection. This lesion is life threatening and may put the patient at risk of unwarranted biopsy or drainage if not recognized. Diagnosis and treatment planning rely heavily on cross-sectional imaging, and angiography is frequently necessary.