Reflective imaging of myelin integrity in the human and mouse central nervous systems.

The structural integrity of myelin sheaths in the central nervous system (CNS) is crucial for the maintenance of its function. Electron microscopy (EM) is the gold standard for visualizing individual myelin sheaths. However, the tissue processing involved can induce artifacts such as shearing of myelin, which can be difficult to distinguish from true myelin abnormalities.

Self-brushing for nanopatterning: achieving perpendicular domain orientation in block copolymer thin films.

The self-assembly of thin films of block copolymers (BCPs) with perpendicular domain orientation offers a promising approach for nanopatterning on a variety of substrates, which is required by advanced applications such as ultrasmall transistors in integrated circuits, nanopatterned materials for tissue engineering, and electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications. In this study, we created BCPs with an A--(B--C) architecture that have blocks with equal surface energy () and that can bind to the substrate, effectively creating a non-preferential substrate coating self-brushing that enables the formation of through-film perpendicular domains in thin films of BCPs. We employed a thiol-epoxy click reaction to functionalize polystyrene--poly(glycidyl methacrylate) with a pair of thiols to generate an A--(B--C) BCP and tune of the B--C block.

Statistical Distribution of Binary Ligands within Rhodium-Organic Octahedra Tunes Microporosity in Their Assemblies.

Structure-porosity relationships for metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) are hardly investigated because they tend to be amorphized after activation, which inhibits crystallographic characterization. Here, we show a mixed-ligand strategy to statistically distribute two distinct carbazole-type ligands within rhodium-based octahedral MOPs, leading to systematic tuning of the microporosity in the resulting amorphous solids.

Unexpected sequel to the application of silver fluoride followed by stannous fluoride to an open carious lesion in a primary molar: A case report.

Objectives: The use of silver fluoride followed by stannous fluoride was designed for the treatment of open carious lesions in primary molars in dental outreach programs. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic when aerosol-producing procedures were inadvisable, one dental location started using it as the first stage in a two-visit restorative procedure for carious primary molars. If the gap between the fluoride application and the restoration placement stages was around 3-5 weeks it was noticed that a black friable crust appeared on the caries surface.

Improving the gas sorption capacity in lantern-type metal-organic polyhedra by a scrambled cage method.

The synthesis of multivariate metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a well-known method for increasing the complexity of porous frameworks. In these materials, the structural differences of the ligands used in the synthesis are sufficiently subtle that they can each occupy the same site in the framework. However, multivariate or ligand scrambling approaches are rarely used in the synthesis of porous metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) - the molecular equivalent of MOFs - despite the potential to retain a unique intrinsic pore from the individual cage while varying the extrinsic porosity of the material.

Wetting Behavior of A(B--C) Copolymers with Equal Block Surface Energies on Surfaces Functionalized with B--C Copolymers.

To form nanopatterns with self-assembled block copolymers (BCPs), it is desirable to have through-film domains that are oriented perpendicular to the substrate. The domain orientation is determined by the interfacial interactions of the BCP domains with the substrate and with the free surface. Here, we use thin films of two different sets of BCPs with A(B--C) architecture matched with a corresponding B--C copolymer nanocoating on the substrate to demonstrate two distinct wetting behaviors.

Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis from the JointMan database.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a progressive fibrotic disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA); real-world data for evaluating RA-associated ILD (RA-ILD) are limited. We evaluated prevalence, time to onset, clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in patients diagnosed with RA (n = 8963) in the Discus Analytics JointMan database (2009-2019) with and without ILD. ILD prevalence was 4.

Pore-Networked Gels: Permanently Porous Ionic Liquid Gels with Linked Metal-Organic Polyhedra Networks.

Porous liquids (PLs) are attractive materials because of their capability to combine the intrinsic porosity of microporous solids and the processability of liquids. Most of the studies focus on the synthesis of PLs with not only high porosity but also low viscosity by considering their transportation in industrial plants. However, a gap exists between PLs and solid adsorbents for some practical cases, where the liquid characteristics and mechanical stability without leakage are simultaneously required.

A quantitative analysis of spectral computed tomography characteristics of osseous metastases.

Introduction: Spectral detector computed tomography (SDCT) is a recent advancement that enables elemental material decomposition which could improve the detection of osseous metastases in the oncologic patient.

Methods: Sixteen patients who underwent oncologic staging SDCT as well as WBBS with Technetium-99 m hydroxydiphosphonate (Tc99m HDP) were included in this retrospective study. A total of 50 osseous metastases were identified and confirmed on bone scintigraphy.

Porous Metal-Organic Cages Based on Rigid Bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene Type Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Gas Uptake Properties.

Three new ligands containing a bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxydiimide unit have been used to assemble lantern-type metal-organic cages with the general formula [Cu L ].

Optimized design of block copolymers with covarying properties for nanolithography.

The ability to impart multiple covarying properties into a single material represents a grand challenge in manufacturing. In the design of block copolymers (BCPs) for directed self-assembly and nanolithography, materials often balance orthogonal properties to meet constraints related to processing, structure and defectivity. Although iterative synthesis strategies deliver BCPs with attractive properties, identifying materials with all the required attributes has been difficult.

Photoactive carbon monoxide-releasing coordination polymer particles.

We report the synthesis of photoactive carbon monoxide-releasing coordination polymer particles through the assembly of Mn(I) carbonyl complexes with bis(imidazole) ligands. The use of Mn(I) carbonyl complexes as metallic nodes in the coordination network avoids the potential for aggregation-induced self-quenching, favouring their use in the solid state.

Rhodium-Based Metal-Organic Polyhedra Assemblies for Selective CO Photoreduction.

Heterogenization of molecular catalysts via their immobilization within extended structures often results in a lowering of their catalytic properties due to a change in their coordination sphere. Metal-organic polyhedra (MOP) are an emerging class of well-defined hybrid compounds with a high number of accessible metal sites organized around an inner cavity, making them appealing candidates for catalytic applications. Here, we demonstrate a design strategy that enhances the catalytic properties of dirhodium paddlewheels heterogenized within MOP (Rh-MOP) and their three-dimensional assembled supramolecular structures, which proved to be very efficient catalysts for the selective photochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formic acid.

Epigenome association study for DNA methylation biomarkers in buccal and monocyte cells for female rheumatoid arthritis.

Genetics (i.e., mutations) has been assumed to be the major factor in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) etiology, but accounts for a minority of the variance in disease risk for RA.

Student and pre-registration pharmacist performance in a UK Prescribing Assessment.

Student and pre-registration pharmacist performance in a UK Prescribing Assessment': room for improvement and need for curricular change Background Increasingly the global policy direction is for patient-facing pharmacist prescribers. The 'UK Prescribing Safety Assessment' (PSA) was developed for medical graduates to demonstrate prescribing competencies in relation to the safe and effective use of medicines. Objectives To determine PSA performance of final year undergraduate student pharmacists (year 4) and pre-registration pharmacy graduates (year 5) and explore their opinions on its suitability.

Self-Aligned Assembly of a Poly(2-vinylpyridine)--Polystyrene--Poly(2-vinylpyridine) Triblock Copolymer on Graphene Nanoribbons.

Directed self-assembly (DSA) of block copolymers is one of the most promising patterning techniques for patterning sub-10 nm features. However, at such small feature sizes, it is becoming increasingly difficult to fabricate the guiding pattern for the DSA process, and it is necessary to explore alternative guiding methods for DSA to achieve long-range ordered alignment. Here, we report the self-aligned assembly of a triblock copolymer, poly(2-vinylpyridine)--polystyrene--poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP--PS--P2VP) on neutral graphene nanoribbons with the gap consisting of a P2VP-preferential silicon oxide (SiO) substrate via solvent vapor annealing.

Evaluation of Inter-Professional Education (IPE) with medical, nursing and pharmacy students through a simulated IPL Educational Intervention.

Introduction: Inter-Professional Education (IPE) is becoming an integral part of many professional programmes throughout the United Kingdom, ensuring health professionals are competent to work as part of an inter-professional team upon entry into their profession. IPE has become a fundamental component of curriculum content in health and social care degrees.

Aims: Research aim - to evaluate a simulated IPE intervention.

Project Vienna: A Novel Precell Mass Filter for Collision/Reaction Cell MC-ICPMS/MS.

The last decade has seen widespread adoption of triple quadrupole-based inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry (ICPMS/MS) technique using a collision/reaction cell in combination with a precell bandpass mass analyzer to measure isotopes otherwise masked by spectral interferences. High-precision isotope ratio analysis containing such isotopes would benefit from a similar capability on a multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) platform, but using a quadrupole-based precell mass analyzer for MC-ICPMS/MS has several limitations. To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel precell mass analyzer for MC-ICPMS/MS using sector field technology.

Rb-Sr dating by collision cell, multicollection inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry with pre-cell mass-filter, (CC-MC-ICPMS/MS).

We document the utility for Rb-Sr dating of a one-of-a-kind tribrid mass spectrometer, 'Proteus', coupled to a UV laser ablation system. Proteus combines quadrupole mass-filter, collision cell and sector magnet with a multicollection inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometer (CC-MC-ICPMS/MS). Compared to commercial, single collector, tribrid inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometers (CC-ICPMS/MS) Proteus has enhanced ion transmission and offers simultaneous collection of all Sr isotopes using an array of Faraday cups.

Students in a Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience Course Discovered Dramatic Changes in the Bacterial Community Composition Between Summer and Winter Lake Samples.

Course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) courses incorporate high-impact pedagogies that have been shown to increase undergraduate retention among underrepresented minorities and women. As part of the Building Infrastructure Leading to Diversity program at the University of Detroit Mercy, a CURE metagenomics course was established in the winter of 2019. Students investigated the bacterial community composition in a eutrophic cove in Lake Saint Clair (Harrison Township, MI, United States) from water samples taken in the summer and winter.

Porous Colloidal Hydrogels Formed by Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly of Charged Metal-Organic Polyhedra.

Introduction of porosity into supramolecular gels endows soft materials with functionalities for molecular encapsulation, release, separation and conversion. Metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs), discrete coordination cages containing an internal cavity, have recently been employed as building blocks to construct polymeric gel networks with potential porosity. However, most of the materials can only be synthesized in organic solvents, and the examples of porous, MOP-based hydrogels are scarce.