Fibroblast Nox2 (NADPH Oxidase-2) Regulates ANG II (Angiotensin II)-Induced Vascular Remodeling and Hypertension via Paracrine Signaling to Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.

Objective: The superoxide-generating Nox2 (NADPH oxidase-2) is expressed in multiple cell types. Previous studies demonstrated distinct roles for cardiomyocyte, endothelial cell, and leukocyte cell Nox2 in ANG II (angiotensin II)-induced cardiovascular remodeling. However, the in vivo role of fibroblast Nox2 remains unclear.

A prospective study of sport injuries in youth females.

Objectives: To examine sports and physical education (PE) injury rates in youth females during a school year and to investigate if an association exists between injury and phase of the menstrual cycle.

Design: Prospective cohort.

Setting: An online questionnaire was used to record training and competition exposure and self-reported injuries for 30-weeks.

Relationship Between Strength, Athletic Performance, and Movement Skill in Adolescent Girls.

Sommerfield, LM, Harrison, CB, Whatman, CS, and Maulder, PS. Relationship between strength, athletic performance, and movement skill in adolescent girls. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 674-679, 2022-Muscular strength in youth has been linked to health and physical benefits, enhanced movement skill, and an active lifestyle in adulthood.

Effects of Combined Resistance Training and Weightlifting on Motor Skill Performance of Adolescent Male Athletes.

Pichardo, AW, Oliver, JL, Harrison, CB, Maulder, PS, Lloyd, RS, and Kandoi, R. Effects of combined resistance training and weightlifting on motor skill performance of adolescent male athletes. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3226-3235, 2019-Resistance training and weightlifting are regarded as safe and effective training methods for youth.

Effects of Combined Resistance Training and Weightlifting on Injury Risk Factors and Resistance Training Skill of Adolescent Males.

Pichardo, AW, Oliver, JL, Harrison, CB, Maulder, PS, Lloyd, RS, and Kandoi, R. Effects of combined resistance training and weightlifting on injury risk factors and resistance training skill of adolescent males. J Strength Cond Res 35(12): 3370-3377, 2021-The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training with or without weightlifting on risk factors for injury and resistance training skill in circa-peak height velocity boys.

The Influence of Maturity Offset, Strength, and Movement Competency on Motor Skill Performance in Adolescent Males.

This study aimed to examine the extent to which maturity offset, strength, and movement competency influences motor skill performance in adolescent boys. One hundred and eight secondary school boys completed anthropometric and physical testing on two non-consecutive days for the following variables: Maturity offset, isometric mid-thigh pull absolute (IMTP) and relative (IMTP) peak force, resistance training skills quotient, 10-, 20-, and 30-m sprint time, countermovement jump height, horizontal jump distance, anaerobic endurance performance, and seated medicine ball throw (SMBT). The IMTP displayed significant small to large correlations with all performance variables ( = 0.

Development of Aerobic Fitness in Young Team Sport Athletes.

The importance of a high level of aerobic fitness for team sport players is well known. Previous research suggests that aerobic fitness can be effectively increased in adults using traditional aerobic conditioning methods, including high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training, or more recent game-based conditioning that involves movement and skill-specific tasks, e.g.

Small-sided games for young athletes: is game specificity influential?

This study aimed to quantify and compare the physiological, physical and technical demands of a sport-specific and non-sport-specific small-sided game (SSG) in young athletes. Ten male soccer players (mean ± SD: age, 13.0 ± 0.

Quantification of physiological, movement, and technical outputs during a novel small-sided game in young team sport athletes.

The aim of this study was to quantify the physiological responses, time-motion characteristics, and technical executions associated with a novel non-sport-specific small-sided game (SSG) in young team sport players. On 6 separate occasions, 12 young male team sport athletes (mean ± SD: age, 13.0 ± 0.

NOX2β: A novel splice variant of NOX2 that regulates NADPH oxidase activity in macrophages.

Nox2 oxidase is one isoform in a family of seven NADPH oxidases that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thereby contribute to physiological and pathological processes including host defense, redox signaling and oxidative tissue damage. While alternative mRNA splicing has been shown to influence the activity of several Nox-family proteins, functionally relevant splice variants of Nox2 have not previously been identified. We immunoscreened several mouse tissues and cells for the presence of truncated Nox2 proteins and identified a 30 kDa protein in lung, spleen and macrophages.

NADPH oxidases as regulators of tumor angiogenesis: current and emerging concepts.

Significance: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxynitrite are generated ubiquitously by all mammalian cells and have been understood for many decades as inflicting cell damage and as causing cancer by oxidation and nitration of macromolecules, including DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids.

Recent Advances: A current concept suggests that ROS can also promote cell signaling pathways triggered by growth factors and transcription factors that ultimately regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, all of which are important hallmarks of tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Moreover, an emerging concept indicates that ROS regulate the functions of immune cells that infiltrate the tumor environment and stimulate angiogenesis, such as macrophages and specific regulatory T cells.

Evidence that nitric oxide inhibits vascular inflammation and superoxide production via a p47phox-dependent mechanism in mice.

1. Regulation of vascular Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase by p47(phox) plays a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions through the generation of superoxide. Reduced vascular nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is a major contributing factor in the initiation of atherosclerosis because it leads to an increase in adhesion molecule expression for inflammatory cell recruitment into the vessel wall.

Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase are sources of superoxide in mouse trachea.

1. Superoxide anion plays an important role in host defence against invading pathogens and in the inflammation that arises in lungs. The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether the two key candidate superoxide-producing enzymes in mammalian cells, namely Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase, are responsible for superoxide production in mouse trachea.