Impact of Disease Etiology and Indication for Colectomy on Postoperative Outcomes: A NSQIP Colectomy-Targeted Database Study.

Background: The ACS-NSQIP Colectomy-Targeted database provides valuable metrics on surgical outcomes by utilizing clinical data to enhance quality improvement efforts. However, the quality measures offered in the ACS-NSQIP semiannual report do not stratify for the indication for colectomy. We aim to compare postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing colectomy for colon cancer, infectious causes, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Surgical Opioid Stewardship: From the Epidemic Through the Pandemic and Beyond.

Background: In response to the opioid epidemic, prescribing guidelines and statewide surgical opioid management programs were initiated in 2018-19. This analysis aims to document the sustainability of a regional opioid stewardship consortium through the pandemic and beyond.

Study Design: From September 2019 through August 2023, 15 NSQIP hospitals in two states gathered opioid-specific variables on patients undergoing 12 procedures.

Resident-Driven Guideline to Reduce Iatrogenic Pneumothoraxes From Small-Bore Feeding Tubes: A Quality and Safety Improvement Project.

Small-bore feeding tubes (SBFT) in vulnerable patients carry a risk of iatrogenic pneumothorax by misplacement into the lung. This institution noted a series of iatrogenic pneumothoraxes caused by the placement of these devices. A resident-led, multidisciplinary team developed a hospital guideline through a consensus-driven process.

Trends in the Epidemiology of Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in Patients Undergoing Surgery.

Objective This study aims to utilize the TriNetX database, a comprehensive global network, to improve our understanding of the frequency, demographic factors, and related comorbidities of surgical patients who develop venous thromboembolism (VTEs) events. Methods The global collaborative network in TriNetX was queried for all cases from January 1, 2017, through December 31, 2023. International Classification for Disease (ICD) diagnosis codes were used to define patient cohorts with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the upper or lower extremity or pulmonary embolism (PE).

Maternal and neonatal outcomes following resuscitative hysterotomy for out of hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review.

Objective: To examine maternal and neonatal outcomes following Resuscitative Hysterotomy for out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and to compare with timing from cardiac arrest to delivery.

Methods: The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023445064). Studies included pregnant women with out of hospital cardiac arrest and resuscitative hysterotomy performed (in any setting) during cardiac arrest.

Metrics for Perioperative Exercise in Patients Undergoing Lung Cancer Resection: A Systematic Review.

Perioperative exercise interventions have been shown to mitigate morbidity associated with lung resection. While these interventions have established a role in this patient population, there has been little discussion regarding which metrics are used to standardize perioperative exercise interventions. A better understanding of these metrics is needed to define best practices and ensure interventions are reproducible.

You have to work twice as hard as a woman to show that you are competent. Experiences, opportunities and workplace gender harassment for Sport and Exercise Medicine practitioners working in elite sport in Australia.

Objective: Our aim was to investigate (1) gender representation, (2) opportunities and training and (3) harassment experiences in Sport and Exercise Medicine (SEM) practitioners working in elite sport in Australia.

Methods: All titled Australian Physiotherapy Association Sport and Exercise Physiotherapists, SEM Physicians and Registrars and doctors and physiotherapists (SEM practitioners) currently/previously/aspiring to work in Australian elite sport were invited to participate in a bespoke online survey and the Gender Experiences Questionnaire.

Results: For SEM practitioners currently working in elite sport, men worked more paid hours each week (mean difference (MD) 12.

Characterization of Neutrophil Functional Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Translational Feline Model for COVID-19.

There is a complex interplay between viral infection and host innate immune response regarding disease severity and outcomes. Neutrophil hyperactivation, including excessive release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), is linked to exacerbated disease in acute COVID-19, notably in hospitalized patients. Delineating protective versus detrimental neutrophil responses is essential to developing targeted COVID-19 therapies and relies on high-quality translational animal models.

A qualitative evaluation of rural and provincial surgery wānanga to enhance cultural safety among surgical registrars in Taranaki, New Zealand.

Background: The Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) recently instituted cultural safety and cultural competency as its 10th competency with formalized cultural safety training yet to be instituted. Wānanga are Indigenous Māori teaching institutions that can be used contemporarily for cultural safety training.

Methods: In 2022, surgical registrars based at Taranaki Base Hospital (TBH) held in-hospital wānanga ranging from 1 to 3 h focussed on cultural safety, professionalism and wellbeing.

Utilizing Feline Lentiviral Infection to Establish a Translational Model for COVID-19 in People with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are a significant population globally. Research delineating our understanding of coinfections in PLWH is critical to care for those navigating infection with other pathogens. The recent COVID-19 pandemic underscored the urgent need for studying the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infections in therapy-controlled and uncontrolled immunodeficiency viral infections.

Identifying Predictor Variables for a Composite Risk Prediction Tool for Gestational Diabetes and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Modified Delphi Study.

A composite cardiometabolic risk prediction tool will support the systematic identification of women at increased cardiometabolic risk during pregnancy to enable early screening and intervention. This study aims to identify and select predictor variables for a composite risk prediction tool for cardiometabolic risk (gestational diabetes mellitus and/or hypertensive disorders of pregnancy) for use in the first trimester. A two-round modified online Delphi study was undertaken.

Barriers and enablers to a healthy lifestyle in people with infertility: a mixed-methods systematic review.

Background: While there is a recognized role of optimizing lifestyle (diet and physical activity) behaviours in the management of infertility, the best practice remains unknown and factors influencing the lifestyle of people with infertility are not well understood.

Objective And Rationale: This systematic review evaluated barriers and enablers to a healthy lifestyle in people with infertility, from the perspectives of people with infertility and health professionals, in order to inform optimal behavioural change strategies.

Search Methods: Ovid MEDLINE(R), PsycINFO, EMBASE, EBM Reviews, and CINAHL were searched from inception to 28 August 2023.

Injury prevention for women and girls playing Australian Football: programme cocreation, dissemination and early adopter coach feedback.

Background: Adherence to injury prevention programmes may improve with greater end-user involvement and application of implementation frameworks during development. We describe the cocreation, initial dissemination and feedback from programme early adopters (coaches), to develop the first evidence-informed injury prevention programme for women playing community Australian Football (Prep-to-Play).

Methods: We used a pragmatic seven-step process for developing sports injury prevention programmes to (1) gain organisational support, (2) compile research evidence, (3) consult experts, (4) engage end-users, (5) test programme acceptability, (6) evaluate against theory and (7) gain early adopter feedback.

Translating evidence into practice in primary care management of adolescents and women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a mixed-methods study.

Background: The international guideline on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) provides evidence-based recommendations on the management of PCOS. Guideline implementation tools (GItools) were developed for general practitioner (GP) use to aid rapid translation of guidelines into practice. This mixed-methods study aimed to evaluate barriers and enablers of the uptake of PCOS GItools in general practice.

Impact of Triage Systems on Time to Diagnosis and Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injuries.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a potential complication from traumatic brain injury, with a 30-day mortality rate of 35-52%. Rapid diagnosis allows for earlier treatment, which impacts patient outcomes. A trauma activation (TA) is called when injury severity meets institutional criteria.

The "abortion imaginary": Shared perceptions and personal representations among everyday Americans.

Drawing upon 217 in-depth interviews and the concept of the "social imaginary," we introduce the "abortion imaginary"-a set of shared understandings regarding abortion and abortion patients. We identify four interrelated facets of the U.S.

Exploring the physiological factors relating to energy balance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a scoping review.

Unlabelled: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs in 8%-13% of reproductive-aged women and is associated with reproductive, metabolic, and psychological dysfunction. Overweight and obesity are prevalent and exacerbate the features of PCOS. The aim of this review is to evaluate the extent of evidence examining the physiological factors affecting energy homeostasis, which may impact weight gain, weight loss, and weight maintenance in PCOS, and identify research gaps and recommendations for future research.

If we build it together, will they use it? A mixed-methods study evaluating the implementation of Prep-to-Play PRO: an injury prevention programme for women's elite Australian Football.

Objectives: We evaluated the implementation of Prep-to-Play PRO, an injury prevention programme for women's elite Australian Football League (AFLW).

Methods: The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) of Prep-to-Play PRO were assessed based on the proportion of AFLW players and/or staff who: were aware of the programme (R), believed it may reduce anterior cruciate ligament injury (E), attempted to implement any/all programme components (A), implemented all intended components as practically as possible (I) and intended future programme implementation (M). Quantitative and qualitative data were triangulated to assess 58 RE-AIM items (evidence of yes/no/unsure/no evidence) and the 5 RE-AIM dimensions (fully achieved=evidence of yes on >50% dimension items, partially achieved=50% of items evidence of yes and 50% unsure or 50% mix of unsure and unanswered, or not met=evidence of yes on <50% dimension items).

Extracellular vesicles from differentiated stem cells contain novel proangiogenic miRNAs and induce angiogenic responses at low doses.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from healthy endothelial cells (ECs) have shown potential for promoting angiogenesis, but their therapeutic efficacy remains poorly understood. We have previously shown that transplantation of a human embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial cell product (hESC-ECP), promotes new vessel formation in acute ischemic disease in mice, likely via paracrine mechanism(s). Here, we demonstrated that EVs from hESC-ECPs (hESC-eEVs) significantly increased EC tube formation and wound closure in vitro at ultralow doses, whereas higher doses were ineffective.

Investigating the distribution of primary and secondary care referrals for public-funded bariatric surgery at Counties Manukau Health (CMH).

Aims: This study investigated variations in referral rates for bariatric surgery from primary and secondary care providers across the Counties Manukau district health board (CMDHB), with the aim of identifying "hot spots" for referrals so that intervention to help achieve equitable access to bariatric surgery can be implemented.

Methods: Referral data was gathered from hospital referral records from January 2017 to January 2019 (n=1,440). Referral rate per geographical location within the CMDHB catchment was calculated using 2018 census figures.

Impact of COVID-19 Restriction on Weight, Physical Activity, Diet and Psychological Distress on People with PCOS.

Background: People with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have higher weight gain and psychological distress compared to those without PCOS. While COVID-19 restrictions led to population level adverse changes in lifestyle, weight gain and psychological distress, their impact on people with PCOS is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact the 2020 COVID-19 restrictions had on weight, physical activity, diet and psychological distress for Australians with PCOS.

The heterogeneous associations of universal cash-payouts with breastfeeding initiation and continuation.

Existing health literature documents the benefits of breastfeeding for the first six months of life. Prior research on barriers to breastfeeding has focused on the role of hospital initiatives, return to work, and individual mothers' characteristics. This study uses data from Alaska's Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System and the Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend, to investigate whether universal income support shapes mothers' breastfeeding behaviors.