Direct detection of dark matter-APPEC committee report.

This report provides an extensive review of the experimental programme of direct detection searches of particle dark matter. It focuses mostly on European efforts, both current and planned, but does it within a broader context of a worldwide activity in the field. It aims at identifying the virtues, opportunities and challenges associated with the different experimental approaches and search techniques.

Influence of psychotherapy attendance on buprenorphine treatment outcome.

We evaluated the influence of psychotherapy attendance on treatment outcome in 90 dually (cocaine and heroin) dependent outpatients who completed 70 days of a controlled clinical trial of sublingual buprenorphine (16 mg, 8 mg, or 2 mg daily, or 16 mg every other day) plus weekly individual standardized interpersonal cognitive psychotherapy. Treatment outcome was evaluated by quantitative urine benzoylecgonine (BZE) and morphine levels (log-transformed), performed three times per week. Repeated-measures linear regression was used to assess the effects of psychotherapy attendance (percent of visits kept), medication group, and study week on urine drug metabolite levels.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy plus contingency management for cocaine use: findings during treatment and across 12-month follow-up.

Contingency management (CM) rapidly reduces cocaine use, but its effects subside after treatment. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) produces reductions months after treatment. Combined, the 2 might be complementary.

A dose response study of cognitive behavioral therapy in cocaine abusers.

In order to evaluate the effect of frequency of counseling sessions, we studied retention, cocaine use and craving, and psychiatric symptoms of 68 cocaine-dependent outpatients randomly assigned to twice weekly, once weekly, or biweekly sessions in a 12-week treatment program that utilized manual-based, individual cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. All participants were tested and monitored twice a week. Retention was comparable among treatment groups, and improvement was found regardless of counseling frequency.

Effects of combined fluoxetine and counseling in the outpatient treatment of cocaine abusers.

Three methods of analysis were used to determine the effects of the combination of counseling with fluoxetine (20, 40, or 60 mg) and "active" placebo (diphenhydramine, 12.5 mg) randomly assigned. Forty-five cocaine-only dependent subjects were treated as outpatients with "interpersonal" counseling, medication, and drug use monitoring three times per week for up to 12 weeks.

[Field research on third-world immigrants in the Trento area].

"The main findings of three empirical [surveys] conducted in the province of Trento [Italy] are presented with a view to gain knowledge about...

Seasonal changes in rule infractions among prisoners: a preliminary test of the temperature-aggression hypothesis.

To test the temperature-aggression hypothesis, seasonal changes in aggression as indexed by reported rule infractions were studied for prisoners located at the Patuxent Institution, Jessup, Maryland. 5383 reports of rule infractions occurred between July 1987 and March 1991. Rule infractions occurred more frequently during the hot summer months than the three other seasons of the year.

Inpatient diagnoses during Adolf Meyer's tenure as director of the Henry Phipps Psychiatric Clinic, 1913-1940.

Between 1936 and 1950, detailed abstracts were prepared on all patients admitted to The Phipps Psychiatric Clinic from its opening in 1913 through 1950. Of these abstracts, 74% contained follow-up reports. Except for four papers on schizophrenia and affective disorders published between 1939 and 1943, none of this material has ever been analyzed.

Imipramine and chlordiazepoxide in depressive and anxiety disorders. II. Efficacy in anxious outpatients.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison at three collaborating university sites included 242 patients diagnosed as having anxiety disorders. A two-week placebo washout period preceded random assignment to eight weeks of imipramine hydrochloride, chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, or placebo treatment. Antianxiety effects of imipramine were superior to those of the other two agents by the second treatment week; these effects became more clearly significant thereafter and were independent of degree of both baseline depression and anxiety.

Imipramine and chlordiazepoxide in depressive and anxiety disorders. I. Efficacy in depressed outpatients.

We randomly assigned 425 outpatients, independently classified as primarily depressed by two trained psychiatrists, to double-blind treatment with Imipramine hydrochloride, chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, or placebo. Those patients who remained at least moderately depressed (following a two-week placebo washout period) were treated for an additional eight weeks. An endpoint analysis of 387 patients who completed two or more weeks of medication disclosed early therapeutic advantages of chlordiazepoxide.

Cognitive group psychotherapy of depression: the close-ended group.

One of the most important recent contributions to the understanding and treatment of depression is that of the cognitive theory and cognitive-behavior therapy developed by A. T. Beck.

Mental health of medical school applicants: the role of the admissions committee.

This study was of the role of admissions committees as it relates to the mental health of applicants. Two-part questionnaires were sent to 115 medical schools. The first part explored the composition of the committee.

The Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL)--factors derived from the HSCL-90.

A factor analysis of the 90-item version of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist, performed on the pretreatment self-ratings of nonpsychotic outpatients with symptoms of depression and anxiety, revealed the presence of 8 clinically meaningful factors. These eight orthogonal factors each contained at least 5 items with loadings above 0.40 and explained 4.

Symptomatic volunteers in multicenter drug trials.

1. Symptomatic volunteers were recruited at two collaborating institutions for anti-anxiety and antidepressant drug trials. Advertisements were placed for volunteers with significant symptoms of anxiety, depression, or both, and who were not currently in treatment.

Drug and psychotherapy interactions in depression.

The authors conducted a series of multiple regression analyses of data from depressed patients. They found that 8 factors consistently predicted treatment response: a lower initial level of distress, imipramine treatment, a positive attitude toward group psychotherapy, and a good employment history predicted lower posttreatment distress levels; estrogen maintenance treatment was related to better response to diazepam, and a low level of intelligence predicted better response to both diazepam and imipramine; and a low initial level of interpersonal sensitivity and a significant other's having an unfavorable attitude toward psychiatric treatment were associated with better response to group psychotherapy.