Heteromorphism 18ph+ : with or without reproductive consequences?

Heteromorphism or chromosomal variants are usually attributed to structural variations in constitutive heterochromatin. In the case of chromosome 18, 25 cases of 18ph+ have been reported to date. Using the Primed In Situ Labelling technique (PRINS) to study 2 new cases of 18ph+, we have been able to confirm their molecular nature and assuming a mechanism of formation.

Cytogenetic analysis of trophoblasts by comparative genomic hybridization in embryo-fetal development anomalies.

Cytogenetic studies of spontaneous abortions or intrauterine fetal death depend on conventional tissue culturing and karyotyping. This technique has limitations such as culture failure and selective growth of maternal cells. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using specific probes permits diagnosis of aneuploidies but is limited to one or a few chromosomal regions.

Distal deletion of 1p in colorectal tumors: an initial event and/or a step in carcinogenesis? Study by fluorescence in situ hybridization interphase cytogenetics.

Cytogenetics studies have suggested that short arm deletion in chromosome 1 is involved in triggering colorectal tumor development. To elucidate the role of 1p under-representation in the tumoral process, we investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization interphase cytogenetics, using simultaneously centromeric and p36 telomeric probes for chromosome 1, 27 primary adenocarcinomas, 5 metastases, 5 adenomas and as control 4 normal mucous membranes. The 1p under-representation in paradiploid tumoral cells, interpreted as a 1p deletion, was observed in 8/27 adenocarcinomas, 2/5 metastases and 3/5 adenomas.

Relation between cytogenetic characteristics of two human colonic adenocarcinoma cell lines and their ability to grow locally or metastasize or both: an experimental study in the nude mouse.

This study was aimed at elucidating the relation between the cytogenetic characteristics and the invasive ability of two human colonic adenocarcinoma cells lines, HT29 and CaCO2. These two cell lines have very different tumorigenic and metastatic capacities after intrasplenic injection into nude mice: high for HT29 and relatively weak for CaCO2. At the time of injection, cytogenetic studies of the two cell lines revealed shared abnormalities: paratriploidy with seven common extra chromosomes or chromosome regions and specific particularities.

[Colorectal carcinogenesis, frequency and significance of genetic alterations: deletion of the short arm of chromosome 1, and initiating event].

Cytogenetic anomalies described in colo-rectal tumors are numerous. Despite the complexity and the number of the anomalies observed, a combined study of their frequency and of the stage of prognosis of the tumors suggests that the evolution from colonic adenoma to carcinoma often follows a sequence of events comprising a 5q15-22 deletion (DCC), and a 17p deletion (P53). It even seems likely that in many cases, these events are not constant and that others might lead to the same phenotypic transformation.

Interphase cytogenetic studies of human hepatocellular carcinomas by fluorescent in situ hybridization.

Although numerous allelic chromosome losses have been reported in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), chromosome analysis by cytogenetic methods has rarely been performed in these tumors, unlike other solid malignant tumors. The purpose of the current study was to analyze primary liver tumors by conventional cytogenetic methods and by a new molecular cytogenetic technique, called fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), a technique that has been recently proposed to count the number of chromosome copies in interphase nuclei with chromosome centromeric probes. Primary cultures of tumoral cells were prepared to obtain metaphases.

Cytogenetic analysis of BC2, a new human hepatoma cell line, by fluorescent in situ hybridization.

Cytogenetic analysis of a new human hepatoma cell line BC2 was performed with conventional cytogenetic techniques and fluorescent in situ hybridization. Numerical and structural abnormalities were observed by conventional cytogenetics for chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, 17 and 20. Chromosome painting allowed to specify the translocation of chromosome 1, and to characterize 3 markers from chromosome 8 and one marker from 9, which were unrecognizable by conventional techniques.

Report of a family case of satellited Y chromosome associated with a severe oligoasthenoteratospermia. A review of the literature.

A new case of familial Yqs is reported. The discovery has been made at the time of karyotyping of a patient with an oligoasthenoteratospermia. A possible correlation between supernumerary NORs of the Yqs chromosome and meiotic disturbances is discussed, and a review of the literature is performed.

Chromosome 1 in human colorectal tumors. Cytogenetic research on structural changes and their significance.

The significance of short and long arm anomalies of chromosome 1 was investigated in 55 colorectal tumors comprising 41 carcinomas and 14 adenomas. The tumors were at various stages of transformation from adenoma to carcinoma. Our investigation was prompted by the observation of a p32-pter deletion on the short arm of chromosome 1 in a case of benign tubulovillous adenoma with mild dysplasia, as well as by frequent reports that chromosome 1 is involved in many neoplastic processes.

Tubulovillous adenoma of the colon with hyperdiploidy, double-minute chromosomes, and inversion of chromosome 1.

A sessile adenoma of the left flexure of the colon was studied after surgical colectomy. Specimens were obtained for complete histologic evaluation. The tumor consisted of glandular tubes with decreased mucin production and a papillary structure on the luminal aspect.

Human chromosome analysis in 24 cases of primary carcinoma of the large intestine: contribution of the G-banding technique.

As in the haemopathies, the application of cytogenetics to epithelial cancers could aid in the study of their pathogenesis evaluation. In this context we performed chromosome analyses on a series of human colo-rectal cancers. The technique was consistently reliable since the modal number of chromosomes could be determined in all 24 cases.

Characterization of a newly established human gastric cancer cell line HGT-1 bearing histamine H2-receptors.

A human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line, HGT-1, was established in vitro from the primary tumor of a 60-year-old patient. Histological examination of the tumor revealed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Primary tumor cells were cloned in soft agarose and gave rise to tumor colonies.

[Immunofluorescent study of crystallin-specific proteins of rat embryo].

Using indirect fluorescent antibody techniques, the beginning of crystallin synthesis is detected in the embryonic Rat lens. The appearance of the crystallins is observed from the twelfth day of gestation at the basal cytoplasm of the cells, in proximity to the presumptive neural retina. At the fourteenth day fluorescence appears throughout the lens.