Impact of telephone coaching supporting a physical maintenance exercise programme for older adults at risk of falls: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Encouraging compliance with recommended levels of exercise for older adults is a public health challenge. A minimal-resource solution is telephone coaching.

Objectives: Primary aim: to compare timed up and go (TUG) performance 6 months after beginning a home exercise program between a group of older individuals who received additional telephone coaching, and a control group performing the home exercise program alone.

Alignment between greenhouse gas emissions reduction and adherence the EAT-Lancet diet: A modeling study based on the NutriNet-Santé cohort.

The potential of the EAT-Lancet reference diet, which promotes a healthy diet within planetary limits, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe) remains understudied. This study examines the role of nutritional and acceptability constraints in reducing GHGe through diet optimization, and tests the alignment between GHGe reduction and the EAT-Lancet score. The study used data from 29,413 NutriNet-Santé participants to model French diets and evaluate their environmental, nutritional, economic, and health impact.

Mutation and cell state compatibility is required and targetable in Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia minimal residual disease.

Efforts to cure BCR::ABL1 B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) solely through inhibition of ABL1 kinase activity have thus far been insufficient despite the availability of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with broad activity against resistance mutants. The mechanisms that drive persistence within minimal residual disease (MRD) remain poorly understood and therefore untargeted. Utilizing 13 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and clinical trial specimens of Ph+ ALL, we examined how genetic and transcriptional features co-evolve to drive progression during prolonged TKI response.

Bronchiolitis 2022-2023: One of the most unexpected outbreaks over this past decade, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France.

Background: Since the Covid-19 pandemic, bronchiolitis outbreaks have been subject to disrupted seasonality, and a major impact on the healthcare system was observed in 2022-23.

Objective: The aim of this article is to describe the characteristics of the 2022-23 bronchiolitis epidemic in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, and its impact on the healthcare system.

Method: We described the indicators of dynamics, intensity, severity and impact provided by the bronchiolitis monitoring in place, and compared these with those from previous seasons.

Vitamin D metabolism is altered during aging alone or combined with obesity in male mice.

Aging and obesity are associated with a decrease in plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels. In the context of a growing aging population and the rising incidence of obesity, we hypothesized that aging process, either independently or in combination with obesity, could influence vitamin D (VD) metabolism, consequently resulting in the reduced 25(OH)D plasma concentrations. C57BL/6JRJ young (6 months) and old (23 months) mice fed with control (CD) or high fat diet (HF) were compared.

Studies of antibacterial activity (in vitro and in vivo) and mode of action for des-acyl tridecaptins (DATs).

Tridecaptins comprise a class of linear cationic lipopeptides with an N-terminal fatty acyl moiety. These 13-mer antimicrobial peptides consist of a combination of d- and l-amino acids, conferring increased proteolytic stability. Intriguingly, they are biosynthesized by non-ribosomal peptide synthetases in the same bacterial species that also produce the cyclic polymyxins displaying similar fatty acid tails.

Optimization of the Antibacterial Spectrum and the Developability Profile of the Novel-Class Natural Product Corramycin.

Corramycin is a novel zwitterionic antibacterial peptide isolated from a culture of the myxobacterium . Though Corramycin displayed a narrow spectrum and modest MICs against sensitive bacteria, its ADMET and physchem profile as well as its high tolerability in mice along with an outstanding in vivo efficacy in an septicemia mouse model were promising and prompted us to embark on an optimization program aiming at enlarging the spectrum and at increasing the antibacterial activities by modulating membrane permeability. Scanning the peptidic moiety by the Ala-scan strategy followed by key stabilization and introduction of groups such as a primary amine or siderophore allowed us to enlarge the spectrum and increase the overall developability profile.

Programs, Origins, and Niches of Immunomodulatory Myeloid Cells in Gliomas.

Gliomas are incurable malignancies notable for an immunosuppressive microenvironment with abundant myeloid cells whose immunomodulatory properties remain poorly defined. Here, utilizing scRNA-seq data for 183,062 myeloid cells from 85 human tumors, we discover that nearly all glioma-associated myeloid cells express at least one of four immunomodulatory activity programs: Scavenger Immunosuppressive, C1Q Immunosuppressive, CXCR4 Inflammatory, and IL1B Inflammatory. All four programs are present in IDH1 mutant and wild-type gliomas and are expressed in macrophages, monocytes, and microglia whether of blood or resident myeloid cell origins.

High urinary oxidative DNA damage in wild chimpanzees ranging in proximity of agricultural fields in Sebitoli area, Uganda.

Agriculture expansion is a major cause of habitat loss and exposure to phytochemical pollution for non-human primates. In addition to endocrine disruption, exposure to pesticides may have other sublethal physiological consequences for animals, such as generation of oxidative damage to macromolecules. In this study, we analyzed the pesticides contained in the river water across the home range of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Sebitoli area located on the Northern part of Kibale National Park (Uganda).

Factors Associated with Dual-Fluency Walk Speed Improvement after Rehabilitation in Older Patients.

Walk speed measured under dual-task conditions (neurocognitive tasks) could reflect patient performance in real-life. Rehabilitation programs are effective in increasing walk speed, but few studies have evaluated the associations between geriatric factors and rehabilitation efficacy under dual-task conditions. Our objective was to investigate the association between geriatric factors and an increase in dual-task walk speed (threshold of 0.

The air-breathing Alaska blackfish (Dallia pectoralis) suppresses brain mitochondrial reactive oxygen species to survive cold hypoxic winters.

The Alaska blackfish (Dallia pectoralis) is the only air-breathing fish in the Arctic. In the summer, a modified esophagus allows the fish to extract oxygen from the air, but this behavior is not possible in the winter because of ice and snow cover. The lack of oxygen (hypoxia) and near freezing temperatures in winter is expected to severely compromise metabolism, and yet remarkably, overwintering Alaska blackfish remain active.

Executive dysfunction and effectiveness of physical program in older adults: which association?

Background: Little is known about the association between executive function and the magnitude of improvement from personalised exercise interventions on gait performance among older-old adults.

Aim: We examined whether the effectiveness of personalised intervention on gait performance is dependent on the patient's baseline dysexecutive syndrome, as assessed by the Frontal Assessment Battery.

Methods: A total of 175 older community-dwellers (83.

A reporter cell line for the automated quantification of SARS-CoV-2 infection in living cells.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the urgent need for massive antiviral testing highlighted the lack of a good cell-based assay that allowed for a fast, automated screening of antivirals in high-throughput content with minimal handling requirements in a BSL-3 environment. The present paper describes the construction of a green fluorescent substrate that, upon cleavage by the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, re-localizes from the cytoplasm in non-infected cells to the nucleus in infected cells. The construction was stably expressed, together with a red fluorescent nuclear marker, in a highly susceptible clone derived from Vero-81 cells.

Structure Elucidation, Total Synthesis, Antibacterial In Vivo Efficacy and Biosynthesis Proposal of Myxobacterial Corramycin.

Herein, we describe the myxobacterial natural product Corramycin isolated from Corallococcus coralloides. The linear peptide structure contains an unprecedented (2R,3S)-γ-N-methyl-β-hydroxy-histidine moiety. Corramycin exhibits anti-Gram-negative activity against Escherichia coli (E.

Vitamin A deficiency during the perinatal period induces changes in vitamin A metabolism in the offspring. The regulation of intestinal vitamin A metabolism via ISX occurs only in male rats severely vitamin A-deficient.

Purpose: 1) To test the hypothesis of the existence of a perinatal vitamin A (VA) programming of VA metabolism and to better understand the intestinal regulation of VA metabolism.

Methods: Offspring from rats reared on a control (C) or a VA-deficient (D) diet from 6 weeks before mating until offspring weaning, i.e.

Nutritionally adequate and environmentally respectful diets are possible for different diet groups: an optimized study from the NutriNet-Santé cohort.

Background: Research has shown that vegetarian diets have a low environmental impact, but few studies have examined the environmental impacts and nutritional adequacy of these diets together, even though vegetarian diets can lead to nutritional issues.

Objectives: Our objective was to optimize and compare 6 types of diets with varying degrees of plant foods (lacto-, ovolacto-, and pescovegetarian diets and diets with low, medium, and high meat content) under nutritional constraints.

Methods: Consumption data in 30,000 participants were derived from the French NutriNet-Santé cohort using an FFQ.

Discovery of the First Selective Nanomolar Inhibitors of ERAP2 by Kinetic Target-Guided Synthesis.

Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) is a key enzyme involved in the trimming of antigenic peptides presented by Major Histocompatibility Complex class I. It is a target of growing interest for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and in cancer immunotherapy. However, the discovery of potent and selective ERAP2 inhibitors is highly challenging.

Glioblastoma scRNA-seq shows treatment-induced, immune-dependent increase in mesenchymal cancer cells and structural variants in distal neural stem cells.

Background: Glioblastoma is a treatment-resistant brain cancer. Its hierarchical cellular nature and its tumor microenvironment (TME) before, during, and after treatments remain unresolved.

Methods: Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze new and recurrent glioblastoma and the nearby subventricular zone (SVZ).

All-You-Can-Eat: Influence of Proximity to Maize Gardens on the Wild Diet and the Forest Activities of the Sebitoli Chimpanzee Community in Kibale National Park.

Frugivorous primates have developed several strategies to deal with wild fruit scarcity, such as modifying their activity budget or enlarging their diet. Agricultural expansion threatens primate habitats and populations (e.g.

Single-Cell Multiomics Reveals Clonal T-Cell Expansions and Exhaustion in Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm.

The immune system represents a major barrier to cancer progression, driving the evolution of immunoregulatory interactions between malignant cells and T-cells in the tumor environment. Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), a rare acute leukemia with plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) differentiation, provides a unique opportunity to study these interactions. pDCs are key producers of interferon alpha (IFNA) that play an important role in T-cell activation at the interface between the innate and adaptive immune system.

Gene expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), HIF regulators, and putative HIF targets in ventricle and telencephalon of Trachemys scripta acclimated to 21 °C or 5 °C and exposed to normoxia, anoxia or reoxygenation.

In anoxia-sensitive mammals, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) promotes cellular survival in hypoxia, but also tumorigenesis. By comparison, anoxia-tolerant vertebrates likely need to circumvent a prolonged upregulation of HIF to survive long-term anoxia, making them attractive biomedical models for investigating HIF regulation. To lend insight into the role of HIF in anoxic Trachemys scripta ventricle and telencephalon, 21 °C- and 5 °C-acclimated turtles were exposed to normoxia, anoxia (24 h at 21 °C; 24 h or 14 d at 5 °C) or anoxia + reoxygenation and the gene expression of HIF-1α (hif1a) and HIF-2α (hif2a), two regulators of HIF, and eleven putative downstream targets of HIF quantified by qPCR.

The air-breathing Alaska blackfish () remodels ventricular Ca cycling with chronic hypoxic submergence to maintain ventricular contractility.

The Alaska blackfish () is a facultative air-breather endemic to northern latitudes where it remains active in winter under ice cover in cold hypoxic waters. To understand the changes in cellular Ca cycling that allow the heart to function in cold hypoxic water, we acclimated Alaska blackfish to cold (5 °C) normoxia or cold hypoxia (2.1-4.