Three-Dimensional-Printed Uterine Model for Surgical Planning of a Cesarean Delivery Complicated by Multiple Myomas.

Background: Uterine myomas encountered at cesarean delivery increase the complexity and risk of the procedure. Preoperative planning of such deliveries may help optimize patient outcomes. The application of three-dimensional printing technology is rapidly expanding in many surgical specialties.

The Usefulness of Ultrasound Imaging in Gynecologic Oncology.

Pelvic ultrasound examination is the primary imaging modality for evaluating a wide range of female pelvic symptomatology, and is often the first imaging test to detect a gynecologic malignancy. Ultrasound imaging is particularly useful for evaluating the thickness and appearance of the endometrium in patients with abnormal bleeding, and in detecting and characterizing ovarian lesions. This article reviews the ultrasound appearance of gynecologic neoplasms grouped by anatomic site of origin, the ultrasound appearance of select benign pelvic pathology not to be misinterpreted as malignancy, as well as available ultrasound imaging-based guidelines for managing potential gynecologic neoplasms.

MR imaging evaluation of abdominal pain during pregnancy: appendicitis and other nonobstetric causes.

Clinical diagnosis of the cause of abdominal pain in a pregnant patient is particularly difficult because of multiple confounding factors related to normal pregnancy. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is useful in evaluation of abdominal pain during pregnancy, as it offers the benefit of cross-sectional imaging without ionizing radiation or evidence of harmful effects to the fetus. MR imaging is often performed specifically for diagnosis of possible appendicitis, which is the most common illness necessitating emergency surgery in pregnant patients.

Neonatal thyroid function: effect of a single exposure to iodinated contrast medium in utero.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of in utero exposure to a single dose of water-soluble intravenous iodinated contrast medium on thyroid function at birth.

Materials And Methods: This study was approved by the institutional review board, with waiver of consent, and was HIPAA compliant. Maternal and newborn records were retrospectively reviewed.

Abdominal pain in pregnancy: diagnoses and imaging unique to pregnancy--self-assessment module.

The educational objectives for this self-assessment module are for the participant to exercise, self-assess, and improve his or her understanding of the imaging evaluation of abdominal pain during pregnancy.

Imaging pelvic floor disorders: trend toward comprehensive MRI.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to review the relevant anatomy and sonographic, fluoroscopic, and MRI options for evaluating patients with pelvic floor disorders.

Conclusion: Disorders of the pelvic floor are a heterogeneous and complex group of problems. Imaging can help elucidate the presence and extent of pelvic floor abnormalities.

Diffusion-weighted MRI of peripheral zone prostate cancer: comparison of tumor apparent diffusion coefficient with Gleason score and percentage of tumor on core biopsy.

Objective: The objective of our study was to determine the relationship between the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and Gleason score of prostate cancer and percentage of tumor involvement on prostate core biopsy.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 57 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer who underwent endorectal MRI with DWI between July 2007 and March 2008. Regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn on ADC maps at sites of visible tumor on DW images and ADC maps.

Female infertility: a systematic approach to radiologic imaging and diagnosis.

Imaging plays a key role in the diagnostic evaluation of women for infertility. The pelvic causes of female infertility are varied and range from tubal and peritubal abnormalities to uterine, cervical, and ovarian disorders. In most cases, the imaging work-up begins with hysterosalpingography to evaluate fallopian tube patency.

Magnetic resonance imaging of pelvic organ prolapse: comparing pubococcygeal and midpubic lines with clinical staging.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The aim of the study was to determine which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reference line for staging pelvic organ prolapse, the pubococcygeal line (PCL) vs. the midpubic line (MPL), has the highest agreement with clinical staging.

Methods: A retrospective study of women with pelvic floor complaints who underwent dynamic pelvic MRI from January 2004 to April 2007 was conducted.

Ureteral pseudodiverticulosis: a unique case diagnosed by multidetector computed tomography.

Presented is a case of ureteral pseudodiverticulosis diagnosed by multidetector computed tomography (CT). Axial and coronal reformatted CT images revealed multiple small (2-4 mm) outpouchings of both ureters, characteristic of ureteral pseudodiverticulosis. The unenhanced CT also revealed a 6-mm stone at the left ureterovesical junction and a high attenuation lesion at the right ureterovesical junction suspect for an associated uroepithelial neoplasm.

CT features of adenomyosis.

Objectives: To determine the computed tomography (CT) features of adenomyosis in patients with known adenomyosis as established with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Methods: A computerized search identified 16 women with pelvic MR diagnosis of adenomyosis who also had enhanced pelvic CT. Original CT reports were reviewed for potential prospective diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Radiology resident dictation instruction: effectiveness of the didactic lecture.

Purpose: The study's purpose was to determine the effectiveness of a didactic lecture for teaching and evaluating radiology resident dictation skills.

Methods: A 23-question test was created to assess resident knowledge of the American College of Radiology practice guidelines for reporting and our institution-specific requirements for communication of diagnostic imaging results. The test was administered to 23 residents before and after a 40-minute didactic lecture covering the structure of radiology reports and requirements for communication of imaging findings.

Resident moonlighting in radiology.

The indebtedness of medical school graduates has increased dramatically, and this indebtedness, combined with a shortage of radiologists, may result in more moonlighting by radiology residents. Residents may choose to moonlight for an institution not affiliated with the residency program (external moonlighting) or within the same institution as the residency program (internal moonlighting). If residents choose to engage in external moonlighting, they must have a full medical license and separate malpractice insurance and should be aware of their liability.

The postoperative stomach.

Gastric surgery may be performed for the treatment of a variety of benign and malignant diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract, including peptic ulcers and gastric carcinoma. Radiographic studies with water-soluble contrast agents often are obtained to rule out leaks, obstruction, or other acute complications during the early postoperative period. Barium studies may also be obtained to evaluate for anastomotic strictures or ulcers, bile reflux gastritis, recurrent tumor, or other chronic complications during the late postoperative period.

Pharyngeal retention cysts: radiographic findings in seven patients.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to better characterize the radiographic features of pharyngeal retention cysts on double-contrast pharyngograms.

Conclusion: Pharyngeal retention cysts typically involve the valleculae, appearing on double-contrast pharyngograms as small, round or ovoid, well-circumscribed, smooth-surfaced submucosal masses that are best visualized on frontal views of the pharynx. Such features should be highly suggestive of benign retention cysts, obviating further diagnostic workup in asymptomatic patients.