Elbow Torque May be Predictive of Anatomic Adaptations to the Elbow After a Season of Collegiate Pitching: A Dynamic Ultrasound Study.

Purpose: To determine whether elbow torque was associated with anatomic adaptations of the medial elbow following a season of competitive pitching.

Methods: Pitchers from 3 collegiate baseball teams were recruited during the preseason for participation. Before the season, pitchers were recorded throwing 5 "game-speed" fastball pitches from a standard distance off a mound while wearing a wearable sensor baseball compression sleeve that calculates elbow torque, arm speed, arm slot, and arm rotation.

Elbow Torque Is Reduced in Asymptomatic College Pitchers With Elbow Laxity: A Dynamic Ultrasound Study.

Purpose: To determine the relation between medial elbow torque, as measured by wearable sensor technology, and adaptations of the medial elbow structures on dynamic ultrasound imaging in asymptomatic collegiate pitchers.

Methods: Thirty-four pitchers from National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II universities were eligible for preseason testing. The exclusion criteria included age younger than 18 years, history of surgery, non-pitcher, or current restrictions.

Do anatomic changes found in the throwing arm after a season of pitching resolve with off-season rest? A dynamic ultrasound study.

Hypothesis: Our hypothesis was that seasonal adaptive changes in the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL), ulnohumeral joint space (UHJS), and glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) of the pitching extremity would subsequently resolve with off-season rest.

Methods: Eleven collegiate pitchers underwent preseason, postseason, and off-season evaluations including physical examination; dynamic ultrasound imaging of the UCL and UHJS; and the short version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) questionnaire. Ultrasound images were evaluated by 2 fellowship-trained musculoskeletal radiologists.

Ultrasound evaluation of the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow: Which method is most reproducible?

Introduction: The ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) is an important medial stabilizer of the elbow, particularly in overhead-throwing athletes. However, there is no universally accepted method for evaluating UCL thickness with ultrasound (US).

Objective: To assess reproducibility of previously published methods, as well as a modified technique, for evaluating the UCL via US.

Musculoskeletal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute crystalline synovitis.

Both gout and calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease are common metabolic arthopathies, presenting not only diagnostic but also management challenges. Though histological crystal aspiration is definitive, diagnosis is commonly established through a composite of clinical features and laboratory findings. Musculoskeletal ultrasound has a contributory and growing role not only in routine disease surveillance but also in helping render a timely and specific diagnosis for patients presenting with new-onset oligoarticular arthritis in the emergency setting.

Pre- and Postseason Dynamic Ultrasound Evaluation of the Pitching Elbow.

Purpose: To use ultrasound imaging to document changes over time (i.e., preseason v postseason) in the pitching elbow of high school baseball pitchers.

Can femoral rotation be localized and quantified using standard CT measures?

Background: The terms "femoral anteversion" and "femoral torsion" have often been used interchangeably in the orthopaedic literature, yet they represent distinct anatomical entities. Anteversion refers to anterior tilt of the femoral neck, whereas torsion describes rotation of the femoral shaft. Together, these and other transverse plane differences describe what may be considered rotational deformities of the femur.

Video: Common upper extremity injections utilizing musculoskeletal ultrasound.

Objective: The purpose of this video article is to demonstrate the use of ultrasound for upper extremity musculoskeletal injections, covering general guidelines, preprocedure planning, needle selection, and basic technique. Several different upper-extremity injections are shown, including joint injections and aspirations, tendon sheath and bursal injections, and percutaneous treatment of calcific tendinitis.

Conclusion: Musculoskeletal ultrasound is well suited for imaging-guided injections of the upper extremities.

Bone marrow edema in the knee in osteoarthrosis and association with total knee arthroplasty within a three-year follow-up.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if a correlation exists between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of bone marrow edema (BME) in osteoarthrosis (OA) of the knee joint and need for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) within a follow-up period of 3 years.

Materials And Methods: The entire database of knee MR studies over a 3-year period was used to select individuals with knee OA. A chart review was conducted to identify and include only those who had a 3-year follow-up appointment from the time of the initial MR study.

The use of a single osteochondral autograft plug in the treatment of a large osteochondral lesion in the femoral condyle: an experimental study in sheep.

Background: The use of osteochondral autograft plugs can be restricted because of limited amount of donor material.

Hypothesis: A small osteochondral autograft plug placed in the center of a large defect in a sheep femoral condyle will yield results superior to either an untreated or a bone-grafted defect.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.