Prefrontal photobiomodulation produces beneficial mitochondrial and oxygenation effects in older adults with bipolar disorder.

There is growing evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction and prefrontal cortex (PFC) hypometabolism in bipolar disorder (BD). Older adults with BD exhibit greater decline in PFC-related neurocognitive functions than is expected for age-matched controls, and clinical interventions intended for mood stabilization are not targeted to prevent or ameliorate mitochondrial deficits and neurocognitive decline in this population. Transcranial infrared laser stimulation (TILS) is a non-invasive form of photobiomodulation, in which photons delivered to the PFC photo-oxidize the mitochondrial respiratory enzyme, cytochrome-c-oxidase (CCO), a major intracellular photon acceptor in photobiomodulation.

Prospective Study Investigating the Prevalence and Evolution of Malnourishment in the Acute Orthopaedic Trauma Patient.

Background: Orthopaedic trauma surgeons believe that nutritional status is important. The primary aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the prevalence and progression of malnourishment in orthopaedic trauma patients and determine when and what labs should be ordered. The secondary aim was to determine if malnourished patients had increased complications.

Barriers and facilitators to accessing effective clinical supervision and the implementation of a clinical supervision exchange model in the Australian alcohol and other drugs sector.

Introduction: Internationally, clinical/practice supervision is considered essential in the development and maintenance of professional proficiency across health disciplines. Among alcohol and other drug (AOD) workers, however, access to effective clinical supervision is limited. This study examined perceived barriers and facilitators to: (i) AOD workers accessing effective clinical supervision; and (ii) effective implementation of a clinical supervision exchange model in the AOD sector.

Transcranial Infrared Laser Stimulation Improves Cognition in Older Bipolar Patients: Proof of Concept Study.

This is the first study to examine if transcranial infrared laser stimulation (TILS) improves cognition in older euthymic bipolar patients, who exhibit greater cognitive decline than is expected for age-matched controls. TILS is a non-invasive novel form of photobiomodulation that augments prefrontal oxygenation and improves cognition in young adults by upregulating the mitochondrial respiratory enzyme cytochrome-c-oxidase. We used a crossover sham-controlled design to examine if TILS to bilateral prefrontal cortex produces beneficial effects on cognition in 5 euthymic bipolar patients (ages 60-85).

Topical Vancomycin in Pediatric Spine Surgery Does Not Reduce Surgical Site Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Evaluate the effectiveness of topical vancomycin in reducing surgical site infection (SSI) in pediatric patients undergoing posterior spinal fusion (PSF).

Summary Of Background Data: There has been increased interest in use of topical vancomycin to reduce SSI in spine surgery with mixed results reported in the literature.

Reliability of and Correlation Between Measurements of Acetabular Morphology.

The authors sought to determine the intra- and interrater reliability of contemporary measures of acetabular morphology among a group of hip surgeons and to determine the correlations between measures of acetabular morphology. On 2 separate occasions, 3 hip surgeons independently performed blinded evaluations of anteroposterior pelvic radiographs of 40 patients. The lateral center-edge angle, medial center-edge angle, acetabular arc, extrusion index, acetabular index, Sharp's angle, posterior wall sign, crossover sign, femoro-epiphyseal acetabular roof index, acetabular wall indexes, and delta angle were assessed.

Concerns and Help-Seeking Among Patients Using Opioids for Management of Chronic Noncancer Pain.

Background: The safety and efficacy of long-term opioid treatment for chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) remains controversial. This study examined whether patients who report problematic opioid use sought help and/or perceived barriers to help-seeking.

Methods: Data were collected from 1,086 people prescribed opioids for CNCP via a large prospective cohort called the Pain and Opioids IN Treatment (POINT) study.

Anterior Spinal Fusion and Posterior Spinal Fusion Both Effectively Treat Lenke Type 5 Curves in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Multicenter Study.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Retrospective comparison of radiographic and clinical outcomes between anterior spinal fusion (ASF) and posterior spinal fusion (PSF) in surgical treatment of Lenke 5 curves.

Summary Of Background Data: ASF and PSF are used for treatment of Lenke 5 curves in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Spine and Thoracic Height Measurements Have Excellent Interrater and Intrarater Reliability in Patients With Early Onset Scoliosis.

Study Design: Reproducibility of measurements.

Objective: This study investigates the reliability and standard error of measurement of spine and thoracic height radiographic measurements in patients with early onset scoliosis (EOS).

Summary Of Background Data: Spine and thoracic height radiographic measurements are often used as a surrogate for pulmonary development in patients with EOS.