Mobile phone ownership, social media use, and substance use at ages 11-13 in the ABCD study.

Introduction: There is ongoing concern about the impact of increasing use of social media and digital devices on unhealthy behaviors such as substance use in youth. Mobile phone and social media use have been associated with substance use in adolescent and young adult samples, but few studies have evaluated these relationships in younger samples.

Methods: This secondary analysis of data drawn from the ABCD Study examined associations between youth-reported mobile phone ownership and social media use at age 11-12 and use of alcohol, nicotine/tobacco, and cannabis over the next 18 months.

Speech recognition technology in prehospital documentation: A scoping review.

Objectives: The nature of paramedic workflows, where paramedics are responsible to provide care and chart concurrently, can result in incomplete or non-existent patient care reports on patient handover to the emergency department (ED). Charting delays and retrospective recollection of care may lead to patient information gaps, which can increase ED workload, cause care delays, and increase the risk of adverse events. Speech recognition documentation technology has the potential to produce complete patient care reports quicker and improve paramedic-to-ED handover.

Social cognitive influences associated with susceptibility to nicotine and tobacco use in youth in the ABCD Study.

Introduction: Chronic use of nicotine and tobacco products (NTP) continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Uptake is most common among youth and young adults but knowledge about effective prevention and intervention approaches is insufficient. The goal of the present study was to examine the impact of social cognitive factors on NTP risk over time among youth in the national ABCD cohort.

"Suck it up, go play": Mental health stigma in college coaches and their use of mental illness microaggressions.

This study explored the extent to which college athletic coaches endorse mental illness microaggressions toward their student-athletes and the importance of mental toughness in sports, and how these impact support for help-seeking among student-athletes. Fifty-eight coaches at Northeastern U.S.

MultiBac System-based Purification and Biophysical Characterization of Human Myosin-7a.

Myosin-7a is an actin-based motor protein vital for auditory and visual processes. Mutations in myosin-7a lead to Usher syndrome type 1, the most common and severe form of deaf-blindness in humans. It is hypothesized that myosin-7a forms a transmembrane adhesion complex with other Usher proteins, essential for the structural-functional integrity of photoreceptor and cochlear hair cells.

Nicotine use during late adolescence and young adulthood is associated with changes in hippocampal volume and memory performance.

Background: With the advent of electronic nicotine delivery systems, the use of nicotine and tobacco products (NTPs) among adolescents and young adults remains high in the US. Use of e-cigarettes additionally elevates the risk of problematic use of other substances like cannabis, which is often co-used with NTPs. However, their effects on brain health, particularly the hippocampus, and cognition during this neurodevelopmental period are poorly understood.

Applying a Racial Lens to the "Cycle of Violence".

One overlooked result in a 1989 paper on the "cycle of violence" was a race-specific increase in risk for arrest for violence among Black maltreated children, but not White maltreated children. We examine whether race differences in the cycle of violence are explained by risk factors traditionally associated with violence. Using a prospective design, maltreated and non-maltreated children were matched on age, sex, race, and approximate family social class and interviewed at mean age 28.

Predicting a Risk of Transition to a Higher Level of Care for Home Support Service Recipients.

This longitudinal, non-randomized, retrospective study uses the Kaplan-Meier estimates method and the Cox Proportional Hazard model to assess the risk of home support recipients' transitioning to a higher level of care after being hospitalized. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that 50% of home support recipients were expected to move on to a higher level of care by day 1,374. The Cox Proportional Hazard model indicated that the risk of transitioning to a higher level of care increases by about 2% as a client ages by one year, and by about 10% if there were no emergency room visits in the last 12 months.

Mitochondrial complex I promotes kidney cancer metastasis.

Most kidney cancers are metabolically dysfunctional, but how this dysfunction affects cancer progression in humans is unknown. We infused C-labelled nutrients in over 80 patients with kidney cancer during surgical tumour resection. Labelling from [U-C]glucose varies across subtypes, indicating that the kidney environment alone cannot account for all tumour metabolic reprogramming.

Gender Harmony: A Case for Nursing Informatics.

The design of digital health information systems around a conflated gender/sex binary contributes to health inequities. Lack of specific information that supports affirming communication lead to inappropriate care, disrespectful encounters with healthcare staff, and avoidance of health services by clients who have been harmed by misgendering, deadnaming and being outed. The HL7 International Gender Harmony Model (HL7 GHM) supports the design, implementation and use of DHIS that enable affirming clinical interactions and care.

Data Preparation for Supervised Learning: Improving Nursing Situation Awareness to Reduce Healthcare-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection.

Situation awareness (SA) is an important non-technical skill for nurses. Nurses interact directly with patients and review their clinical signs. If we improve nurses' SA, they will likely detect clinical changes and prevent patient harm.

Attentional Bias, Pupillometry, and Spontaneous Blink Rate: Eye Characteristic Assessment Within a Translatable Nicotine Cue Virtual Reality Paradigm.

Background: Incentive salience processes are important for the development and maintenance of addiction. Eye characteristics such as gaze fixation time, pupil diameter, and spontaneous eyeblink rate (EBR) are theorized to reflect incentive salience and may serve as useful biomarkers. However, conventional cue exposure paradigms have limitations that may impede accurate assessment of these markers.

The role of the radiologist in the prostate cancer multidisciplinary conference.

The broad range of disease aggressiveness together with imperfect screening, diagnostic, and treatment options in prostate cancer (PCa) makes medical decision-making complex. The primary goal of a multidisciplinary conference is to improve patient outcomes by combining evidence-based data and expert opinion to discuss optimal management, including for those patients with challenging presentations. The primary purpose of the genitourinary imaging specialist in the prostate cancer multidisciplinary conference is to use imaging findings to reduce uncertainty by answering clinical questions.

ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Hydronephrosis on Prior Imaging-Unknown Cause.

Initial imaging evaluation of hydronephrosis of unknown etiology is a complex subject and is dependent on clinical context. In asymptomatic patients, it is often best conducted via CT urography (CTU) without and with contrast, MR urography (MRU) without and with contrast, or scintigraphic evaluation with mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) imaging. For symptomatic patients, CTU without and with contrast, MRU without and with contrast, MAG3 scintigraphy, or ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder with Doppler imaging are all viable initial imaging studies.

A preliminary investigation of physical and mental health features of cannabis & nicotine co-use among adolescents and young adults by sex.

Introduction: Cannabis and nicotine/tobacco products (NTP) are commonly co-used in adolescence and young adulthood; however, limited research has been done on predictive health behaviors to co-use. The current study is a preliminary investigation into the relationships of modifiable health behaviors on cannabis and NTP co-use in adolescents and young adults.

Method: 221 participants (ages 16-22) were characterized into cannabis use only (N = 55), NTP use only (N = 20), cannabis and NTP co-use (used cannabis and NTP; N = 96) and control (no use; N = 50) groups based on past 30-day use.

Effect of a Bladder Control Self-Management Program Delivered Through a Health Kiosk.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of delivering a bladder control self-management program through a multiuser health kiosk and to evaluate the program's effect on urinary incontinence (UI) and incontinence-specific quality of life (QoL).

Design: Secondary analysis of data collected during participants' interactions with the Bladder Control Module (BCM) from the parent study.

Subjects And Setting: One hundred eleven participants from the parent study were eligible to be included in this secondary analysis.

Investigating sex differences and age of onset in emotion regulation, executive functioning, and cannabis use in adolescents and young adults.

Background: Young adults have historically high levels of cannabis use at a time which coincides with emotional and cognitive development. Age of regular onset of cannabis use and sex at birth are hypothesized to influence the relationship between cannabis use and cognition. Here we investigated past 6-month cannabis use in relation to emotional and executive functioning.

Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) of Brain Microstructure in Adolescent Cannabis and Nicotine Use.

Introduction: Despite evidence suggesting deleterious effects of cannabis and nicotine tobacco product (NTP) use on white matter integrity, there have been limited studies examining white matter integrity among users of both cannabis and nicotine. Further, updated white matter methodology provides opportunities to investigate use patterns on neurite orientation dispersion and density (NODDI) indices and subtle tissue changes related to the intra- and extra-neurite compartment. We aimed to investigate how cannabis and NTP use among adolescents and young adults interacts to impact the white matter integrity microstructure.

The Combined Effects of Nicotine and Cannabis on Cortical Thickness Estimates in Adolescents and Emerging Adults.

Early life substance use, including cannabis and nicotine, may result in deleterious effects on the maturation of brain tissue and gray matter cortical development. The current study employed linear regression models to investigate the main and interactive effects of past-year nicotine and cannabis use on gray matter cortical thickness estimates in 11 bilateral independent frontal cortical regions in 223 16-22-year-olds. As the frontal cortex develops throughout late adolescence and young adulthood, this period becomes crucial for studying the impact of substance use on brain structure.

Improving Situation Awareness to Advance Patient Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review.

Improving nurses' situation awareness skills would likely improve patient status recognition and prevent adverse events. Technologies such as electronic health record dashboards can be a promising approach to support nurses' situation awareness. However, the effect of these dashboards on this skill is unknown.

Evaluation of Gaze-to-Object Mapping Algorithms for Use in "Real-World" Translatable Neuropsychological Paradigms.

Objective: Eye-tracking technology is commonly used for identifying objects of visual attention. However, applying this technology to virtual reality (VR) applications is challenging. This report analyzes the performance of two gaze-to-object mapping (GTOM) algorithms applied to eye-gaze data acquired during a "real-world" VR cue-reactivity paradigm.

Traumatic brain injury, working memory-related neural processing, and alcohol experimentation behaviors in youth from the ABCD cohort.

Adolescent traumatic brain injury (TBI) has long-term effects on brain functioning and behavior, impacting neural activity under cognitive load, especially in the reward network. Adolescent TBI is also linked to risk-taking behaviors including alcohol misuse. It remains unclear how TBI and neural functioning interact to predict alcohol experimentation during adolescence.