Second primary malignancies in women with breast cancer.

Background: Increased screening and treatment advancements have resulted in improved survival rates in women with breast cancer (BC). However, recent data suggests these women have elevated risk of developing a second primary malignancy (SPM) compared to the general population. Limited data exists on factors associated with BC patients developing a SPM.

Impact of primary tumor resection in the management of metastatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the small bowel and pancreas.

Patients with gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumors (NET) often present with advanced disease. Primary tumor resection (PTR) in the setting of unresectable metastatic disease is controversial. Most studies evaluating the impact of PTR on overall survival (OS) have been performed using large population-based databases, with limited treatment related data.

Using Oncolytic Virus to Retask CD19-Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells for Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: Toward a Universal Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Strategy for Solid Tumor.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting the B-cell antigen CD19 are standard therapy for relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma and leukemia. CAR T cell therapy in solid tumors is limited due to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and a lack of tumor-restricted antigens. We recently engineered an oncolytic virus (CF33) with high solid tumor affinity and specificity to deliver a nonsignaling truncated CD19 antigen (CD19t), allowing targeting by CD19-CAR T cells.

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Gastric cancer (GC) is the 5th most common malignancy globally, and although there have been modest gains in improving survival rates, it remains a leading cause of death. A component contributing to the poor survival rates includes advanced disease stage at presentation. Approximately 30-40% of GC patients present with metastases at diagnosis, with poorer outcomes when peritoneal metastases are present.

Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cell and Oncolytic Viral Therapies for Gastric Cancer and Peritoneal Carcinomatosis of Gastric Origin: Path to Improving Combination Strategies.

Precision immune oncology capitalizes on identifying and targeting tumor-specific antigens to enhance anti-tumor immunity and improve the treatment outcomes of solid tumors. Gastric cancer (GC) is a molecularly heterogeneous disease where monoclonal antibodies against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) combined with systemic chemotherapy have improved survival in patients with unresectable or metastatic GC. However, intratumoral molecular heterogeneity, variable molecular target expression, and loss of target expression have limited antibody use and the durability of response.

Contemporary Cancer Program Practice Profile Report Compliance Rates for Gastric Cancer: A National Cancer Database Analysis.

Background: The Commission on Cancer (CoC) established quality measures to be reported in National Cancer Database (NCDB) Quality Reporting Tools. Compliance is provided to accredited cancer programs as Cancer Program Practice Profile Reports (CP3R). At the time of this study, the quality metric for gastric cancer (GC) was removal and pathologic examination of 15 regional lymph nodes for resected GC (G15RLN).

Outcomes and quality of life in immediate one-stage versus two-stage breast reconstructions without an acellular dermal matrix: 17- years of experience.

Background: Advantages of one-stage implant-based reconstructions include expedited surgery and recovery. This study aimed to investigate clinical and patient-reported outcomes in one-stage implant-based breast reconstructions without acellular dermal matrix (ADM).

Methods: A prospectively collected database from 2002 to 2018 was retrospectively reviewed.

Comparisons Between Normal Body Mass Index and Overweight Patients Who Underwent Unilateral Microsurgical Breast Reconstructions.

Background: This study compared the outcomes of unilateral microsurgical breast reconstructions using abdomen-based flaps between normal body mass index (BMI; 18.5 < BMI < 24.9 kg/m) and overweight (25 < BMI < 29.

Intra-abdominal chylovenous bypass treats retroperitoneal lymphangiomatosis.

Background: Retroperitoneal lymphangiomatosis (RL) is a rare form of primary lymphedema featuring aberrant retroperitoneal lymphatic proliferation. It causes recurrent cellulitis, repeated interventions, and poor life quality. This study aimed to investigate proper diagnositc criteria and surgical outcomes for RL with extremity lymphedema.

Clinical features, microbiological epidemiology and recommendations for management of cellulitis in extremity lymphedema.

Background: This high volume, single center study investigated the prevalence, bacterial epidemiology, and responsiveness to antibiotic therapy of cellulitis in extremity lymphedema.

Methods: From 2003 to 2018, cellulitis events from a cohort of 420 patients with extremity lymphedema were reviewed. Demographics, lymphedema grading, symptoms, inflammatory markers, cultures and antibiotic therapy regimens were compiled from cellulitis episodes data.

Long-term outcome of lower extremity lymphedema treated with vascularized lymph node flap transfer with or without venous complications.

Background: Vascularized submental lymph node (VSLN) transfer is an emerging approach for extremity lymphedema. This study investigated the long-term outcome and venous complications of VSLN for unilateral lower extremity lymphedema.

Methods: Between 2010 and 2018, patients who underwent VSLN for unilateral lower extremity lymphedema were retrospectively evaluated.

Lymphedema microsurgery reduces the rate of implant removal for patients who have pre-existing lymphedema and total knee arthroplasty for knee osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Patients with pre-existing lymphedema who undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for osteoarthritis (OA) are at high risk for periprosthetic joint infection. This complication usually requires removal of the implant. This study aimed to investigate whether surgical treatment of lymphedema reduces the rate of prosthesis removal in such patients.

Impacts of arterial ischemia or venous occlusion on vascularized groin lymph nodes in a rat model.

Background: Reported ischemia time of vascularized lymph nodes was 5 hours. This study investigated the effects of arterial ischemia and venous occlusion on vascularized lymph node function in rats.

Methods: Bilateral pedicled groin lymph node flaps were raised in 27 Lewis rats.

Structural basis for germline antibody recognition of HIV-1 immunogens.

Efforts to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against HIV-1 require understanding germline bNAb recognition of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env). The VRC01-class bNAb family derived from the VH1-2*02 germline allele arose in multiple HIV-1-infected donors, yet targets the CD4-binding site on Env with common interactions. Modified forms of the 426c Env that activate germline-reverted B cell receptors are candidate immunogens for eliciting VRC01-class bNAbs.

Antibody 8ANC195 reveals a site of broad vulnerability on the HIV-1 envelope spike.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) to HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) can prevent infection in animal models. Characterized bNAb targets, although key to vaccine and therapeutic strategies, are currently limited. We defined a new site of vulnerability by solving structures of bNAb 8ANC195 complexed with monomeric gp120 by X-ray crystallography and trimeric Env by electron microscopy.