Enhancing young people's pregnancy loss and fertility awareness and knowledge via schools: a way forward.

Pregnancy and infant loss, in the form of miscarriage, stillbirth or early neonatal death, occurs in 20-25% of all pregnancies. Despite its prevalence and associated physical and psychological impacts, there remains a lack of public awareness and understanding of pregnancy loss, including amongst people of reproductive age. Drawing on evidence from a preliminary review of peer-reviewed and grey literature, we make the case for enhancing pregnancy loss and (in)fertility awareness, specifically focusing on young people in second-level education.

Presence of Mood and/or Anxiety Disorders Does Not Affect Success of Weight Management Therapies in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and resultant steatohepatitis (MASH) have been linked to psychiatric comorbidities. The treatment of MASLD/MASH primarily relies upon weight loss, where achieving a 7% total body weight loss is recommended to improve steatohepatitis. We aimed to determine whether achieving a 7% total body weight loss (TBWL) in MASLD/MASH patients was significantly different in the presence of a mood and/or anxiety disorder in an interdisciplinary clinic that integrates weight management and hepatology care.

Implementation of Electronic Medical Record Interventions to Maximize Opioid Disposal after Surgery in Routine Clinical Practice.

Background: Despite guideline directed opioid prescribing after surgery, many patients retain excess opioids. Leftover pills increase the risk for misuse, diversion, and dependency. It is unclear whether interventions applied in routine clinical practice can increase excess opioid disposal rates.

Nasal endoscopy score thresholds to trigger consideration of chronic rhinosinusitis treatment escalation and implications for disease control.

Background: In the absence of direct evidence supporting how to use nasal endoscopy findings to judge chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) disease control, experts' practice patterns could provide guidance.

Methodology: Participants consisted of a diverse group of twenty-nine rhinologists. Participants were presented with every possible combination of bilateral nasal endoscopy findings represented by the modified Lund-Kennedy (MLK; range: 0-12) endoscopic scoring system and Nasal Polyp Score (NPS; range: 0-8).

There Is More to Life Than Walking: A Qualitative Study of Survivorship Among Peer Mentors in the Spinal Cord Injury Community.

: To identify factors impacting survivorship among people living with spinal cord injury (SCI) and volunteering in a peer mentorship program. : Semi-structured interviews were conducted by a leader of a non-profit organization designed to promote independent living after SCI. Questions explored intrinsic factors such as resilience and emotional coping as well extrinsic factors such as family support and accessibility challenges that impacted their SCI survivorship journey.

Patient perspectives on international multidisciplinary consensus criteria for chronic rhinosinusitis disease control.

Objectives: Recently, a set of consensus criteria and near-consensus criteria for the evaluation of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) disease control was identified by an international multidisciplinary panel of key stakeholders. The objective of this study is to evaluate patient perspectives on these disease control criteria.

Methods: This is a qualitative phenomenological study using constant comparative methodology.

Patient-reported disease control versus overall symptom severity as global metrics of chronic rhinosinusitis disease status.

Background: Overall symptom severity (OSS) and patient-reported chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) control are global measures of CRS identified as consensus, essential criteria for CRS disease control assessment. We sought to determine the functional relationship between these two metrics.

Methods: Using an international multicenter mixed-methods design, 260 CRS patients were recruited.

Intraoperative imaging and management of common duct stones during subtotal cholecystectomy.

Background: Subtotal cholecystectomy is advocated in patients with severe inflammation and distorted anatomy preventing safe removal of the entire gallbladder. Not well documented in this surgically complex population is the feasibility of intraoperative imaging and management of common bile duct (CBD) stones. We evaluated these operative maneuvers in our subtotal cholecystectomy patients.

Overall symptom severity as a patient-reported outcome measure for chronic rhinosinusitis: what it reflects and how to measure it.

Background: The objective of this study was to identify how - and to what extent - overall symptom severity (OSS) score reflects individual chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) symptoms and whether it can be measured using alternatives to the standard visual analog scale (VAS).

Methods: CRS patients from four sites across three continents rated their OSS scores, severities of nasal obstruction, nasal drainage, decreased sense of smell, facial pain/pressure and sleep disturbance using a standard VAS, VAS with labeled tick marks at every 1 centimeter, and by writing down their OSS on a scale of 0 - 100 (which was divided by 10), all of which lead to severity scores ranging from 0 - 10 in 0.1 intervals.

Evaluating clinical practice guidelines for the management of rectal cancer: Did they get it RIGHT?

Background And Objectives: Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) are crucial tools for clinicians seeking to deliver evidence-based patient care. We utilized the Reporting Items for practice Guidelines in HealThcare (RIGHT) checklist to assess the reporting quality of CPGs addressing the management of rectal cancer.

Methods: Four multidisciplinary rectal cancer CPGs published 2017-2022 were evaluated: American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons (ASCRS), European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).

Chickens with a Truncated Light Chain Transgene Express Single-Domain H Chain-Only Antibodies.

H chain-only Igs are naturally produced in camelids and sharks. Because these Abs lack the L chain, the Ag-binding domain is half the size of a traditional Ab, allowing this type of Ig to bind to targets in novel ways. Consequently, the H chain-only single-domain Ab (sdAb) structure has the potential to increase the repertoire and functional range of an active humoral immune system.

Effectiveness of Behavioral and Pharmacologic Interventions for Depressive Symptoms After Spinal Cord Injury: Findings From a Systematic Review.

Objective: To summarize and evaluate evidence regarding the efficacy of interventions for depressive symptoms in adults living with spinal cord injury (SCI) and comorbid major depressive disorder or significant depressive symptoms to inform the development of clinical practice guidelines.

Data Sources: Articles published since 2013 and available in Medline, The Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, or PsycINFO. Databases were searched in June 2022 and updated November 2023.

The Laparoscopy in Biliary Exploration Research and Training Initiative (LIBERTI) trial: simulator-based training for laparoscopic management of choledocholithiasis.

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) is equivalent in safety and efficacy to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) while decreasing number of procedures and length of stay (LOS). Despite these advantages LCBDE is infrequently utilized. We hypothesized that formal, simulation-based training in LCBDE would result in increased utilization and improve patient outcomes across participating institutions.

The Development of an Innovative Crowdsourced Resident Procedure Team Model to Improve Bedside Procedural Proficiency in the Inpatient Setting.

Bedside procedures are a necessary skill for many residents. Practice changes, including the discontinuation of a minimum number of procedures required by the American Board of Internal Medicine, may have resulted in decreased incentive for residents to seek procedural opportunities. To improve residents' procedural output and confidence in abdominal paracentesis, arterial and central venous line placement, nasogastric intubation, and ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheter insertions (USPIV).

Understanding sleep quality in a national cohort of young adult cancer survivors: Results from the YACPRIME study.

Purpose: A cancer diagnosis in young adulthood can negatively impact sleep quality. The present study describes sleep issues in young adults (YAs) and analyzes potential demographic and clinical characteristics related to sleep quality.

Methods: Canadian YAs (n = 359) diagnosed with cancer between ages 15-39 participated in the study.

A Review and Assessment of Open Access Surgery Journals.

Introduction: Open access publishing has exhibited rapid growth in recent years. However, there is uncertainty surrounding the quality of open access journals and their ability to reach target audiences. This study reviews and characterizes open access surgical journals.

A Call to Assess the Impacts of Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experiences for Career and Technical Education, Allied Health, and Underrepresented Students at Community Colleges.

Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) have the potential to impact student success and reduce barriers for students to participate in undergraduate research. Literature review has revealed that, while CUREs are being implemented at both community colleges (CCs) and bachelor's degree-granting institutions, there are limited published studies on the differential impacts CUREs may have on CC students in allied health programs, career and technical education, and nursing pathways (termed "workforce" in this essay). This essay summarizes proposed outcomes of CURE instruction and explores possible reasons for limited reporting on outcomes for CC and workforce students.

The FusX TALE Base Editor (FusXTBE) for Rapid Mitochondrial DNA Programming of Human Cells and Zebrafish Disease Models .

Functional analyses of mitochondria have been hampered by few effective approaches to manipulate mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and a lack of existing animal models. Recently a TALE-derived base editor was shown to induce C-to-T (or G-to-A) sequence changes in mtDNA. We report here the FusX TALE Base Editor (FusXTBE) to facilitate broad-based access to TALE mitochondrial base editing technology.

Development and evaluation of TEARDROP - a perinatal bereavement care training programme for healthcare professionals.

Appropriate perinatal bereavement care can benefit bereaved parents and reduce further distress. Poor training can impact healthcare professionals (HCPs) at a personal and professional-level. HCPs have reported poor preparation to care for bereaved parents.

Education priorities for voluntary organisations supporting parents experiencing perinatal loss: a Delphi survey.

Background: There is a reliance on voluntary organisations in healthcare. Education is necessary to keep up-to-date with best practice. The authors' aim was to identify education priorities of voluntary organisations that support parents who experience pregnancy/perinatal loss, to inform the development of an education day.

Effects of Small Temperature Differences Detected in Callosal Circuits of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex.

We measured the sensitivity of cortical circuit activity to small differences in local cortical environments by studying how temperature affects the trajectory of epileptiform events (EEs). EEs evoked via blockade of GABA-A receptors were recorded extracellularly from mouse coronal brain slices containing both hemispheres of anterior cingulate cortex synaptically connected by corpus callosum axons. Preferentially illuminating one hemisphere with the microscope condenser produced temperature differences of 0.

Acute and Midterm Outcomes of Antegrade vs Retrograde Crossing Strategies for Endovascular Treatment of Iliac Artery Chronic Total Occlusions.

Purpose: To examine whether an antegrade or retrograde crossing strategy for treatment of iliac artery chronic total occlusions (CTOs) is associated with differences in procedural or midterm outcomes.

Materials And Methods: A dual-center retrospective cohort study was conducted in 168 patients (mean age 66.4±10.