Interfacial engineering for biomolecule immobilisation in microfluidic devices.

Microfluidic devices are used for various applications in biology and medicine. From on-chip modelling of human organs for drug screening and fast and straightforward point-of-care (POC) detection of diseases to sensitive biochemical analysis, these devices can be custom-engineered using low-cost techniques. The microchannel interface is essential for these applications, as it is the interface of immobilised biomolecules that promote cell capture, attachment and proliferation, sense analytes and metabolites or provide enzymatic reaction readouts.

Protocol to study CCT-mediated folding of Gβ by single-particle cryo-EM.

The chaperonin CCT mediates folding of many cytosolic proteins, including G protein β subunits (Gβs). Here, we present a protocol for isolating Gβ bound to CCT and its co-chaperone PhLP1 and determining the CCT-mediated folding trajectory of Gβ using single-particle cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) techniques. We describe steps for purifying CCT-Gβ-PhLP1 from human cells, stabilizing the closed CCT conformation, preparing and imaging cryo-EM specimens, and processing data to recover multiple Gβ folding intermediates.

School-Family Partnerships to Support Attendance: Advancing an Equity-Centered Theoretical Framework.

Background: Since returning to in-person instruction after the emergence of COVID-19 schools have seen a dramatic increase in the number of students chronically absent, with data indicating a greater increase for low-income, Black, and Hispanic students. Given the role of school attendance in both promoting positive educational outcomes as well as providing students with physical and mental health supports, it is critical to identify ways to re-engage families in a manner that is culturally responsive and equitable.

Contributions To Theory: Current attendance interventions focus primarily on school-based academic and behavioral supports for students while excluding the family.

Comparative analysis of sleeve conversions of the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program 2020 Database.

Background: Although the sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the dominant bariatric procedure, studies have shown conversion rates of up to 30%. These conversions are generally for weight regain (WR), insufficient weight loss (IWL) or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Before 2020, details on why conversions were being performed were not collected in the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) Participant Use Data File (PUF).

Novel devices for isolation and detection of bacterial and mammalian extracellular vesicles.

Extracellular vesicles are spherical nanoparticles inherently released by almost all cell types. They acquire the cell's membrane and cytoplasmic characteristics offering abundant identical units that can be captured to recognize the cell of origin. The abundance of vital cell information and multifunctional roles in cellular processes has rendered them attention, particularly as promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis and use in potential drug delivery systems.

Single-Anastomosis Duodenal Ileostomy with Sleeve Gastrectomy "Continued Innovation of the Duodenal Switch".

Single-anastomosis duodenal ileostomy with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) is an important emerging procedure in bariatric surgery as an alternative to performing the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or the Roux-en-Y duodenal switch. With this significant weight loss and low weight regain, SADI-S has low complication rates. SADI-S, because of its anatomic configuration, also does not increase ulcer risk in patients, with almost no ulcers observed.

Long-term outcomes of primary single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S).

Background: The long-term outcomes of primary single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) have never been reported in the literature.

Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes after primary laparoscopic SADI-S (LSADI-S).

Setting: Single, private institute, United States.

Early Outcomes of Primary SADI-S: an Australian Experience.

Introduction: Single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) surgery is a modification of the traditional duodenal switch (DS) surgery. SADI-S is relatively a new bariatric surgical procedure and has gone by many names depending on the length of the common channel. In this study, we report our initial experience with this novel technique in the Australian population.

Comparative analysis of the single-anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) to established bariatric procedures: an assessment of 2-year postoperative data illustrating weight loss, type 2 diabetes, and nutritional status in a single US center.

Background: The sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and single-anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with SG (SADI-S) are recognized bariatric procedures. A comparison has never been made between these 3 procedures and especially in different body mass index (BMI) categories.

Objective: The study aimed to analyze a large cohort of patients undergoing either laparoscopic (L) SG, LRYGB, or LSADI-S to evaluate and compare weight loss and glycosylated hemoglobin level.

Manipulating nanoscale structure to control functionality in printed organic photovoltaic, transistor and bioelectronic devices.

Printed electronics is simultaneously one of the most intensely studied emerging research areas in science and technology and one of the fastest growing commercial markets in the world today. For the past decade the potential for organic electronic (OE) materials to revolutionize this printed electronics space has been widely promoted. Such conviction in the potential of these carbon-based semiconducting materials arises from their ability to be dissolved in solution, and thus the exciting possibility of simply printing a range of multifunctional devices onto flexible substrates at high speeds for very low cost using standard roll-to-roll printing techniques.

Allometric models of adult regional body lengths and circumferences to height: Insights from a three-dimensional body image scanner.

Objectives: Recent reports on body regional mass scalings to height have advanced understanding differences in adult heights. These studies resulted in conjectures on how regional lengths and circumferences may scale to height. We provide evidence for these conjectures by analyzing a large sample of regional limb, trunk, chest, and head lengths and circumferences in a large sample of US Army basic training recruits.

Single-anastomosis duodenal ileostomy with sleeve is a safe and effective option for patients in an ambulatory surgical center.

Background: The single-anastomosis duodenal ileostomy with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) is gaining popularity in the United States as an alternative to the gastric bypass for patients with a high body mass index (BMI) or who are less likely to succeed with a sleeve. While SADI-S has similar weight loss to the gastric bypass, the complication rate is significantly lower, allowing surgeons to perform SADI-S in an ambulatory surgical center with a 23-hour stay.

Objectives: To determine if SADI-S can be safely performed in an ambulatory surgical setting.

Bowel Reconstruction to Treat Chronic Diarrhea and Hypoproteinemia Following Single Anastomosis Duodenal-Ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy: a Single-Site Experience.

Background: Single anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) is a modification of the biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS) surgery. A concern with SADI-S is chronic diarrhea and hypoproteinemia. Common channel lengthening (CCL) is a surgical procedure to increase absorption in the small intestine to decrease diarrhea.

Sleeve Gastrectomy Weight Loss and the Preoperative and Postoperative Predictors: a Systematic Review.

The sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the most popular weight loss procedure in the USA. Despite its popularity, little is definitively known about the variables that correlate with weight loss. We performed a literature search to find studies that reported variables that correlated with weight loss following SG.

Weight Loss Outcomes of Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Band with Plication: a Single Center Experience of 66 Patients with 18-Month Follow-Up.

Background: Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band with plication (LAGBP) is a novel bariatric procedure, which combines the adjustability of the laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) with the restrictive nature of the vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG). The addition of plication of the stomach to LAGB should provide better appetite control, more effective weight loss, and greater weight loss potential. The purpose of the study was to analyze the outcomes of LAGBP at 18 months.

Does the future of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy lie in the outpatient surgery center? A retrospective study of the safety of 3162 outpatient sleeve gastrectomies.

Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a safe and effective procedure that can be performed as an outpatient procedure.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine whether same-day discharge LSG is safe when performed in an outpatient surgery center.

Setting: Outpatient surgery centers.

The Use of Predictive Markers for the Development of a Model to Predict Weight Loss Following Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Background: Average percent excess weight loss data is commonly discussed preoperatively to guide patient expectations following surgery. However, there is a wide range and variation in weight loss following vertical sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Unfortunately, most surgeons and even fewer patients have heard of using predictive models to help guide their decisions on procedure choice.

Does Bismuth Subgallate Affect Smell and Stool Character? A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Trial of Bismuth Subgallate on Loop Duodenal Switch Patients with Complaints of Smelly Stools and Diarrhea.

Background: Loop duodenal switch (LDS) can result in fat and starch malabsorption. In a small percentage of patients, a relevant qualitative and quantitative change in stools happens usually characterized by steatorrhea-like diarrhea. Bismuth subgallate (BS) has been marketed as a way to eliminate the odor associated with flatulence and bowel movements.

Laparoscopic stomach intestinal pylorus-sparing surgery as a revisional option after failed adjustable gastric banding: a report of 27 cases with 36-month follow-up.

Background: Inadequate weight loss, weight recidivism, and device-related complications after an adjustable gastric banding (AGB) can be treated by a laparoscopic conversion to stomach intestinal pylorus-sparing surgery (SIPS).

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the midterm outcomes of revision SIPS surgery after failed AGB.

Setting: Private practice, United States.

Mid-term 4-Year Outcomes with Single Anastomosis Duodenal-Ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy Surgery at a Single US Center.

Background: Single anastomosis duodenal-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) is a modification of Roux-en-Y duodenal switch (RYDS). Long-term data on this operation is lacking in the literature. We reviewed our mid-term data of this RYDS modification.

An Analysis of Mid-Term Complications, Weight Loss, and Type 2 Diabetes Resolution of Stomach Intestinal Pylorus-Sparing Surgery (SIPS) Versus Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) with Three-Year Follow-Up.

Background: For many years, the Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) was considered a good balance of complications and weight loss. According to several short-term studies, single anastomosis duodenal switch or stomach intestinal pylorus sparing surgery (SIPS) offers similar weight loss to RYGB with fewer complications and better diabetes resolution. No one has substantiated mid-term complication and nutritional differences between these two procedures.